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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1492 |
Arrival of Columbus |
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1607 |
Jamestown was founded |
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1619 |
House of Burgesses established |
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1620 |
Pilgrims land |
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1642-1646 |
English Civil War |
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1688-1689 |
Glorious Revolution |
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1732 |
Georgia is established |
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1730-1740s |
First Great Awakening |
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1763 |
End of French and Indian war |
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1775 |
Fighting begins between colonists and British troops |
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1776 |
Congress votes for independence, Declaration of Independence |
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1781 |
Cornwallis surrenders |
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1783 |
Peace Treaty signed |
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Paleo-Indians |
The first people to have entered , and inhabited, the American continents during the final glacial episodes of the the late Pleistocene period |
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Maize |
British term for corn |
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Mississippian Culture |
Loose collection of communities dispersed along the Mississippi river from Louisiana to Illinois that shared similar technologies and beliefs that the Adena and Hopewell people did |
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Pueblos |
Indian people that lived in the southwestern United States (mainly New Mexico and Arizona), whom lived in pueblos, which are multi-storied houses built from stone, adobe mud, and other local material |
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Aztecs |
Aggressive, warlike people; often conquered their enemies; participated in human sacrifice; eventually conquered by Spain |
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Peasants |
Member of a traditional class of farmers, either labors or owners of small farms |
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Iberia |
Kingdom in parts of Europe and Asia; BC 302-159
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Ferdinand & Isabella |
Marriage began a political unification of Spain; building nation by driving Jews and Muslims out of Spain; no tolerance for people who rejected catholic faith; monarchs who Columbus petitioned for financial backing for his famous voyage |
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Christopher Columbus |
Famous voyage in 1492; he had discovered a new world |
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Amerigo Vespucci |
Claimed to have found mainland before Columbus; before misconception was corrected the name America stuck |
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Leif Ericsson |
Discovered Vinland (located in Newfoundland) before Columbus ever made journey |
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Zuan Cabboto |
First European to explore the mainland of N. America since the vikings |
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Henry Hudson |
English explorer employed by a Dutch company, searching for the Northwest Passage, sailed p the river that bears his name. Several trading posts established here. |
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Columbian Exchange |
exchange of plants, animals, culture, & diseases between Europe and the Americas from first contact throughout the era of exploration |
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Sir Walter Raleigh |
Made tobacco popular in England; paved the way for English settlements in Virginia; was later executed |
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Roanoke |
Failed colony; along the Outer Banks (which made it difficult to find & deliver supplies to); Raleigh founded it |
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St. Augustine |
Spanish colony; First permanent European settlement in what would become the US |
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New Netherland |
Established by Dutch due to rivalry with Spain; Henry Hudson; colony did not last long, English conquered and allowed Dutch to remain there |
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Wampum |
Traditional shell beads of the Eastern Woodland tribes of North America |
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Barbados |
Small Caribbean island; massive sugar production; slave labor; settlers moved to Carolinas for better life (overcrowded in Barbados) |
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Puritans |
Members of a reformed protestant sect in Europe and America that insisted on removing all vestige of Catholicism from popular religious practice |
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Separatist |
Protestants who were severely critical of the Church of England and wanted either to destroy or separate from it |
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Tudor |
Royal house of Welsh and English decent |
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Stuarts |
Succeeded Queen Elizabeth on the throne, a family who fought constantly with parliament; began with English Civil War and ended with the Glorious Revolution |
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Virginia Comapny |
Originally known as the London Company, set out to establish plantations in Virginia |
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Jamestown |
The first successful British colony |
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Powhatan |
Indian tribe in Virginia, named after their leader; tried to drive English out of Virginia and failed which led to their demise |
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Tobacco |
Chesapeake staple; relied on bound labor; mainly in Virginia and Maryland |
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House of Burgesses |
an elective representative assembly in colonial Virginia. First representative government in the colonies |
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Chesapeake |
Colonies of Virginia and Maryland |
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Indentured Servants |
Someone who worked for an employer long enough to pay of their debt from passage to the New World |
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Captain John Smith |
Leader in Jamestown; brought order out of anarchy; traded with indians for food, mapped out Chesapeake Bay area, and was supposedly rescued from Pocahontas |
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Piligrims |
People who separated themselves from the Church of England; many settled in America; others a new life in Leyden
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Plymouth |
Second successful British colony; modern day Massachusetts; founded by Separatists |
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Mayflower Compact |
Agreement among the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower in 1620 to create a civil government at Plymouth Colony |
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Massasoit |
Native american leader local to Plymouth colony who helped teach Pilgrims to much about hunting and agriculture |
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Squanto |
A Patuxt Indian who welcomed the first Pilgrims in excellent English. Was captured and sold to Spanish; later escaped to London where he learned English |
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Massachusetts Bay Company |
A joint stock trading company sent by the English crown to colonize New England |
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John Winthrop |
Governor of Massachusetts bay; Puritan man; attack of Indians on New England |
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Covenant |
an agreement; legal contract |
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Rodger Williams |
Preached extreme separatism; founder of providence; later in what would be called Rhode Island |
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Anne Hutchison |
Religious ideas term Antinomianism; threatened civil and religious anarchy; exiled to Rhode Island |
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English Civil War |
Charles Stuart attempted to run country without Parliament; started battle between Royalists and Parliamentarians; Charles was beheaded |
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Restoration Colonies |
Land grant in the Americas given to the supporters during the Stuart Restoration |
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William Penn |
Founded Pennsylvania; Quakers; opened to anyone who believed in God |
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Iroquis |
Group of Indians English tried to civilize; extended free education to them at the College of William and Mary |
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Bacon's Rebellion |
Armed rebellion in Virginia led by Nathaniel Bacon against the colonies royal governor Sir William Berkeley. Some followers wanted an end to special privilege in government, Bacon wanted larger share in Indian trade |
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Entrepots |
Port, city, or trading post |
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First Great Awakening |
Widespread religious revival movement of the mid-1700s. Movement divided congregations and weakened the authority of established churchs |
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The Enlightenment |
Philosophical and intellectual movement that began in Europe during the 18th century. Stressed the application of reason to solve social and scientific problems |
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Glorious Revolution |
Replacement of James II with William and Mary, marking the beginning of constitutional monarchy in Britain |
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Second Continental Congress |
Organized continental army and oragnized George Washington to lead it |
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Treaty of Paris |
Agreement establishing American Independence after the civil war. Also transferred all land east of the mississippi river to the new republic |
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Committee of Correspondence |
vast communication network formed in Massachusetts and other colonies to communicate grievances and to provide colonists with evidence of British oppression |
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Albany Congress |
Intercoloinal cooperation plan that envisioned a Grand Council of elected delegates that would tax and provide for the common defense. was shut down by colonists and British government |
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Navigation Acts |
Series of commercial restrictions passed by Parliament intended to regulate colonial commerce in such a way as to favor England's accumulation of wealth |
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Loyalists |
Throughout conflict with Great Britain, many colonists sided with the king and Parliament |
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Middle Ground |
A geographical area where two distinct cultures meet and merge with neither holding a clear upper hand |
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Cowpens |
American victory; led by Nathanael Greene; South Carolina |
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Bunker Hill |
Battle led to British victory; however with 40% British casualties |
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Stono Rebellion |
Slave rebellion; slaves from South Carolina rose up; killed white planters; marched to spanish florida where they were promised freedom; however local militia met them and killed most of them |
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Land Riots |
Disputes over land claims |
