The New Testament (Chapter 6)

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Aphroism

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A memorable statement that expresses a (commonly ignored) truth about human experience. Jesus frequently spoke in aphorisms, proverb like sayings that were typically concise, vivid , and paradoxical.

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Fundamentalism

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A largely North American protestant movement , beginning about 1900, that affirmed the literal factuality of all biblical statements and rejected post Enlightenment questioning of biblical infallibility.

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Kerygma

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The act of Publicly preaching the christian message; a Greek term meaning "proclamation".

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Parable

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a simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson, as told by Jesus in the Gospels.

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Pericope

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A literary unit that forms a complete entity in itself and is attached to its context by later editorial commentary.

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Source criticism

Back 6

The analysis of a document to discover its written sources.

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Synoptic Gospel

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The first three Gospels , so named because they share a large quantity of material in common, allowing their text to be viewed together "with one eye"

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Synoptic Problem

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A term referring to scholars attempts to discover the literary relationship among the three strikingly similar synoptic Gospels; Mark, Mathew, and Luke.

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Q Source

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is a hypothetical written collection of Jesus's sayings (logia). Q is (part of) the "common" material found in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke but not in the Gospel of Mark.

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Exegesis

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critical explanation or interpretation of a text, especially of scripture.

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Triple Tradition

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A. Matthew and Luke tend to agree when Mark is present

B. They start or stop agreeing when Mark starts or stops1. Example: prologues to gospels, endings after the empty tomb

C. Hypothesis: Matthew and Luke copied Mark

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Double Tradition

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1. Material arranged differently

Matthew's arrangements are logical, but Luke doesn't use them

C. Hypothesis 1: Matthew and Luke did not know each other1. Otherwise the material would be placed together more,

. Hypothesis 3: Mark did not know this material

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Form Criticism

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analysis of the Bible by tracing the history of its content of parables, psalms, and other literary forms.

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pronouncement stories

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The stories are small narratives that tell an important saying, usually from Jesus Christ.

While the details of the stories change depending on the time period and the author, the core of the story always stays the same.

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Miracle stories

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an event that is contrary to the established laws of nature and attributed to a supernatural cause

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Passion Narrative

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the accounts given in the canonical gospels of the suffering and death of Jesus. Generally, scholars treat the passion narratives as beginning with Jesus' agony and arrest in Gethsemane and concluding with his burial.

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Historical Criticism

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also known as the historical-critical method or higher criticism, is a branch of literary criticism that investigates the origins of ancient text in order to understand "the world behind the text".

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Sitz im Leben

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The social and cultural environment out of which a particular biblical unit grew and developed ; a German phrase roughly translating to "setting in life".

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Hermenutical Process

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Is the theory and methodology of text interpretation, especially the interpretation of biblical texts, wisdom literature, and philosophical texts.

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Historical Tradition

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criticism is a methodology of Biblical criticism that was developed