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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The nose bones
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nasal bones
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The lateral bone of the forearm
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radius
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Lying on the side. Also called lateral recumbent position.
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recovery position
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Components of the blood. They carry oxygen to and carbon dioxide away from the cells.
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red blood cells
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The system of nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide
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respiratory system
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The shoulder blade
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scapula
(SKAP-yuh-huh) |
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Hypoperfusion
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shock
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The bones of the body
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skeleton
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The layer of tissue between the body and the external environment
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skin
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The bony structure of the head
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skull
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The muscular tube between the stomach and the large intestine, divided into the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum, which receives partially digested food from the stomach and continues digestion. Nutrients are absorbed by the body the its walls.
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small intestine
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An organ located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen that acts as a blood filtration system and a reservoir for reserves of blood.
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spleen
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The breastbone
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sternum
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Muscular sac between the esophagus and the small intestine where digestion of food begins.
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stomach
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The layers of fat and soft tissues found below the dermis.
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subcutaneous layers
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Toward the head
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superior
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Lying on the back
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supine
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The pressure created in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts and forces blood out into circulation.
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systolic blood pressure
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The ankle bones
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tarsals
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Tissue that connects muscle to bone.
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tendon
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The chest
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thorax
(THOR-ax) |
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The medial and larger bone of the lower leg.
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tibia
(TIB-e-uh) |
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The trunk of the body; the body without the head and the extremities.
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torso
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The "windpipe"; the structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs
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trachea
(TRAY-ke-uh) |
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the small, fleshy, conical body projecting downward from the middle of the soft palate in the mouth
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uvula
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A position in which the patient's feet and legs are higher than the head. Also called shock position.
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Trendelenburg position
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The medial bone of the forearm
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ulna
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A structue that opens and closes to permit the flow of a fluid in only one direction
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valve
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Any blood vessel returning blood to the heart
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vein
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Two major veins (superior and inferior) that return blood from the body to the right atrium.
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venae cavae
(VE-ne KA-ve) |
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Referring to the front of the body. A synonym for anterior.
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ventral
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The two lower chambers of the heart. There is a right ventricle (which sends oxygen-poor blood to the lungs) and a left ventricle (which sends oxygen-rich blood) to the body.
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ventricles
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The smallest kind of vein
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venule
(VEN-yul) |
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The 33 bones of the spinal column
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vertebrae
(VER-te-bray) |
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Muscle that can be consciously controlled.
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voluntary muscle
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Components of the blood. They produce substances that help the body fight infection.
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white blood cells
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The inferior portion of the sternum
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xiphoid process
(ZI-foid) |
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The two fused bones that form the upper jaw. Also called cheek bones
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zygomatic bone
(ZI-GO-mat-IK) |
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Artery of the lower arm. It is felt when taking the pulse at the wrist.
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radial artery
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List the names of the body regions.
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Head
Torso Upper extremity Lower extremity |
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List the 15 directional terms that describe the body.
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Midline
Proximal Distal Mid-clavicular Medial Lateral Right Left Dorsal Posterior Anterior Superior Mid-axillary Inferior Palmar |
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What organs are in the right upper abdominal quadrant?
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Liver
Right Kidney Colon Pancreas Gallbladder |
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What organs are in the right lower abdominal quadrant?
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Right Kidney
Colon Small Intestines Major artery and vein to the right leg Ureter Appendix Bladder |
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What organs are in the left upper abdominal quadrant?
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Liver
Spleen Left kidney Stomach Colon Pancreas |
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What organs are in the left lower abdominal quadrant?
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Left kidney
Colon Small intestines Major artery and vein to the left leg Ureter Bladder |
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List the anatomical postures.
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Supine (on your back)
Prone (on your stomach) Lateral recumbent (recovery) - on your side |
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List the five divisions of the spine.
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Cervical (Neck, 7 vertebrae)
Thoracic (Thorax, ribs, upper back, 12) Lumbar (Lower back, 5) Sacral (Back wall of pelvis, 5) Coccyx (Tailbone, 4) |
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List the body's 7 systems.
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Musculoskeletal System
Respiratory System Cardiovascular System Nervous System Digestive System Skin Endocrine System |
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List the functions of the skin.
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Protection
Water balance Temperature regulation Excretion Shock (impact) absorption |
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List four places a peripheral pulse may be felt.
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Wrist (radial)
Mid Upper Arm (brachial) Back of Ankle (Posterior tibial) Top of foot (Doralis pedis) |
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List the peripheral pulses
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Radial
Brachial Posterior tibial Doralis pedis |
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Describe the active inhalation process.
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The diaphragm lowers, and the intercostal (ribs) muscles move upward and outward. This expands the size of the chest cavity causing air to flow into the lungs
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Describe the passive exhalation process.
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During exhalation the intercostal (ribs) muscles move downward and inward, while the diaphragm rises. The chest casvity decreases in size causing air to flow out of the lungs.
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List the 8 major components of the musculoskeletal system
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Skull
Spinal column Thorax Pelvis Lower Extremities Upper Extremiies Joints Muscles |
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List the central pulses and their locations
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Carotid (anterior neck)
Femoral (Upper inner thigh) |
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List the three functions of the musculoskeletal system
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To give the body shape
To protect the vital internal organs To provide for body movement |
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List the topograpghy (regional anatomy) of the torso
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scapala (shoulder)
Lumbar (lower back) Ilium crest (top of hip) pubis (genitile area) costal arch (lowest ribs) xiphoid process (end of sternum) thorax (chest above nibbles) sternoclavicular joints (strenum and clavicle meet) suprasternal (jugular) notch clavicle (collar bone) sternum (breast bone) diaphragm umbilicus (navel) |
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Name the nine arteries
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Aorta
Coronary Pulmonary Femoral Brachial Carotid Radial Posterior tibial Dorsalis pedis |
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If a patient is lying on his or her left side, this position is called __________ position.
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recovery
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When a patient is placed in a sitting up position on a stretcher, this position is called;
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Fowler's position
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When a patient is lying flat with head lower than legs, this position is called:
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Trendelenburg position
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The spinal column includes ___ vertebraes.
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33
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An injury to the spinal cord at the ______ level may be fatal because control of the muscles of breathing arise from the spinal cord at this level
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Cervical
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Bones in the lower extremitieis include:
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femur, patella, tibia, fibula, calcaneus, tarsals, metatarsals. and phalanges
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Bones in the upper extremities include:
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humerus, elbow, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges
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List the types of muscle issue
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Involuntary
Voluntary Cardiac automaticity |
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Oxygen passes from the environment to the lungs in what order?
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Mouth, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli
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When the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, the size of the chest cavity:
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decreases, causing exhalation
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The difference between the adult airway and the pediatric airway is that:
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all structures are smaller and more easily obstructed in a child
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The vessel that carries oxygen-poor blood from the portions of the body below the heart and back to the right atrium is called the
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inferior vena cava
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The left atrium receives blood from the
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pulmonary veins
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The two main divisions of the nervous sytem are
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central and peripheral
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Nerves that carry information from throughout the body to the brain are ________ nerves
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sensory
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What are the atrioventicular valves?
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The bicuspid or mitral valve and the tricuspid valve are known collectively as the atrioventricular valves because they lie between the atria and the ventricles of the heart and control the flow of blood.
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Describe the bicuspid valve
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The mitral valve (also known as the bicuspid valve or left atrioventricular valve) is a dual-flap valve in the heart that lies between the left atrium (LA) and the left ventricle (LV).
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Describe the tricuspid valve
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The tricuspid valve (also known as the right atrioventricular valve) is on the right side of the heart, between the right atrium and the right ventricle. The normal tricuspid valve usually has three leaflets and three papillary muscles.
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How many valve are in the human heart?
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4
1. Tricuspid valve (right ventricle) 2. Pulmonary valve 3. Bicuspid valve (left ventricle) 4. Aortic semilunar valve |
