The Endocrine System

Front 1

What do hormones control

Back 1

Reproduction

Growth and development

Mobilization body defenses

Maintenance of much homeostasis

Regulation of much metabolism

Front 2

What are steroids made for

Back 2

Cholesterol

Front 3

What are prostaglandins made from

Back 3

Highly active lipids

Front 4

Hormones affect on certain what?

Back 4

Tissues or organs

Front 5

Target cells must have specific what?

Back 5

Protein receptors

Front 6

What are two mechanisms in which hormones act

Back 6

Direct gene activation

Second gene messenger

Front 7

Direct gene activation is also called

Back 7

Steroid hormone action

Front 8

Second messenger system is also called

Back 8

Non steroid hormone action

Front 9

Direct gene activation diffuses through the plasma membrane to what?

Back 9

Target cells

Front 10

The second messenger system binds to what

Back 10

A membrane receptor

Front 11

What does the second messenger system not enter

Back 11

A cell

Front 12

What is negative feedback maintained by

Back 12

Hormone levels in the blood

Front 13

When does the hormone release stop

Back 13

Once an appropriate level in the blood is reached

Front 14

What is the thyroid hormone disorder

Back 14

When your thyroid gland enlarged due to lack of iodine

Front 15

Cretinism

Back 15

Caused by hyposecretion of thyroxine

Results in physical and mental sluggishness

Front 16

Myxedema

Back 16

Caused by hypothyroidism in adults

Results in physical and mental sluggishness

Front 17

Graves’ disease

Back 17

Caused by hypothyroidism

Results in increased metabolism, heat intolerance, rapid heart beat, weight loss, and expothalmuss

Front 18

Calcitonin

Back 18

Decreases blood calcium levels by causing its deposition on bone

Front 19

What does growth hormone production decline with?

Back 19

Age

Front 20

With progesterone

Back 20

Testosterone

Front 21

What do estrogens stimulate the development of

Back 21

Secondary female characteristics

Front 22

With progesterone estrogen also promotes what

Back 22

Breast development

Front 23

What do ovaries produce

Back 23

Eggs

Front 24

Wh

Back 24

Estrogens

Progesterone

Front 25

Where is the thymus gland located

Back 25

Posterior to the sternum

Front 26

What does the thymus glad produce

Back 26

Thymosin

Front 27

What produces two groups of steroid hormones

Back 27

Ovaries

Front 28

Why produces estrogen and progesterone

Back 28

Ovaries

Front 29

Where is the pineal gland found

Back 29

On the third ventricle of the brain

Front 30

What does the pineal gland secrete

Back 30

Melatonin

Front 31

What is the pineal body role

Back 31

Involved in biological rhythms

Front 32

What is the role of the pancreas with glucagon

Back 32

It raises blood glucose

Front 33

What is the pituitary gland

Back 33

Stimulates contraction of uterus and the mil let-down reflex

Front 34

What is the role of the anterior lobe

Back 34

Stimulates growth of bones and metabolism

Front 35

What is the role of the thyroid gland

Back 35

Stimulates metabolism

Front 36

What is the role of the thyroid gland

Back 36

Reduces blood calcium levels

Front 37

What is the role of the parathyroid gland

Back 37

Raises blood calcium level

Front 38

What is the role of the thymus gland

Back 38

Programs T lymphocytes

Front 39

What is the role of the adrenal cortex with glucocorticoids

Back 39

It Increases blood glucose

Front 40

What is the role of the adrenal cortex

Back 40

Increases blood glucose

Front 41

What is the role of the pancreas with insulin

Back 41

it Reduces blood glucose

Front 42

What is the role of the adrenal cortex with mineralocorticosteroids

Back 42

It promotes reabsorption