Texas History Final Exam

Front 1

Which of the following is the first instance of bloodshed between Mexicans and Texans as Texas moved toward revolution?

Back 1

The Battle of Velasco

Front 2

Why did Anglo-Americans pour into Stephen F. Austin's colony in the early 1820s?

Back 2

cheap land

Front 3

A colonization agent is referred to as:

Back 3

an empresario

Front 4

What was the "Old Three Hundred"?

Back 4

it was approximately the first three hundred families into Texas

Front 5

What was the main purpose behind the Law of April 6, 1830?

Back 5

to stop American immigration into Texas

Front 6

Which of the following men began his role in Texas at the convention that met in April of 1833?

Back 6

Sam Houston

Front 7

Which of the following provided the strongest link between Texians and those of the American South?

Back 7

slavery

Front 8

Anglos arriving in Texas early on populated the areas around ___________________ __________________ in East Texas and the area south of the Red River in the northern region of the state.

Back 8

San Augustine

Front 9

Stephen F. Austin governed his Texas colony from a newly formed town on the Brazos River known as __________________ _____________________ __________ _____________________.

Back 9

San Felipe de Austin

Front 10

On December 21, 1826, Haden Edwards and several other folks from the Nacogdoches area, signed a declaration of independence creating the Republic of ________________, which stretched from the Sabine River to the Río Grande

Back 10

Fredonia

Front 11

__________________________ were people of Mexican descent living in Texas.

Back 11

Tejanos

Front 12

As the Texians crossed the Brazos River while retreating from Jared Groece's plantation in April of 1836, what gave the army a morale boost?

Back 12

the citizens of Cincinnati donated two six-pound cannon that would be known as the "Twin Sisters"

Front 13

Which of the following best describes the delegates that were elected to the convention that met at Washington-on-the-Brazos on March 1, 1836?

Back 13

most of the men elected to the convention were younger, more recent arrivals to Texas who favored decisive action

Front 14

What was the deciding battle that gave the Texians the victory in the Texas Revolution?

Back 14

The Battle of San Jacinto

Front 15

Who eventually convinced the Texians at San Antonio to launch an attack on San Antonio

Back 15

Ben Milam

Front 16

Why is it unlikely that the conspirator theory between Andrew Jackson and Sam Houston had any truth to it?

Back 16

Sam Houston was not involved in affairs that were causing trouble in Texas in 1835

Front 17

The seeds of revolution in Texas, planted by the arrival of Anglo-Americans during the 1820s, germinated in 1835 when President Santa Anna __________________ the government of Mexico

Back 17

centralized

Front 18

Which of the following does the author of the textbook believe is the most likely reason for the beginning of the Texas Revolutionary War?

Back 18

a combination of conditions and a spark that united them is what truly led to the Texas Revolution

Front 19

When did the Texas Revolution begin?

Back 19

October 1835

Front 20

What led to the skirmish at Gonzales?

Back 20

the Mexican army attempted to retrieve a cannon

Front 21

Who wrote the Texas declaration of independence?

Back 21

George Childress

Front 22

The taking of ___________________ in October of 1835 by the Texians left Mexican forces in San Antonio cut off from the Gulf of Mexico.

Back 22

Goliad

Front 23

The first governor of the state of Texas was which of the following men?

Back 23

James Pinckney Henderson

Front 24

Texas was officially annexed on which of the following dates?

Back 24

December 29, 1845

Front 25

How did the resolution for the annexation of Texas differ from the annexation treaty that failed?

Back 25

it called for Texas to enter as a state rather than a territory

Front 26

The election of which of the following men to President of the United States served notice to incumbent, John Tyler, that he should try to persuade the U.S. Congress to annex Texas?

Back 26

James K. Polk

Front 27

Where did Lamar relocate the capitol in 1839?

Back 27

Austin

Front 28

What led to the greatest Comanche raid in the history of the Southwest?

Back 28

the Council House Fight

Front 29

Which of the following battles forced most Cherokees to move from Texas into the Indian territory of the United States?

Back 29

the Battle of the Neches

Front 30

Why did Andrew Jackson, President of the United States in 1836, refuse to annex Texas right away?

Back 30

the leaders of Texas had done nothing to show that they headed a truly de facto government

Front 31

The population of Texas during the years of the Republic increased by ________________ percent

Back 31

269

Front 32

When Sam Houston sent a force into Austin retrieve archives from Austin so that the capitol could be moved _____________________ _______________ alerted the local population which led to the Archive War.

Back 32

Angelina Eberly

Front 33

The Republic of Texas, citing the Treaties of Velasco and the Boundary Act of 1836 for support, consistently claimed that the ____________ marked its boundary with Mexico.

Back 33

Rio Grande River

Front 34

Mexico claimed that the ______________ was the boundary line between Mexico and Texas.

Back 34

Nueces River

Front 35

Which of the following men was ordered to the Nueces River and to stand ready to defend Texas and U.S. interests there?

Back 35

Zachary Taylor

Front 36

Which of the following men became a hero in the United States as word came back to the nation that this man dodged Mexican patrols while carrying messages from Port Isabel to Brownsville?

Back 36

Samuel Walker

Front 37

The "upper" El Paso became a key route for travelers in coming to Texas from the South who were traveling to:

Back 37

California

Front 38

Stagecoach routes in Texas were begun by which of the following people in 1851?

Back 38

Henry Skillman

Front 39

Who was Cynthia Parker married to when she was found by the U.S. Second Cavalry in 1860?

Back 39

Peta Nocona

Front 40

One of the reasons that war erupted with Mexico was that President James Polk of the United States had no respect for the _________________ of Mexico because of conditions in the northern part of that country.

Back 40

government

Front 41

Rancheros differed from the elitist class in South Texas in the extent to the amount of ________________ owned.

Back 41

land

Front 42

The most lucrative business open to poorer Tejanos living in Texas after the Mexican War was known as _____________________.

Back 42

carting

Front 43

In 1848, the United States sent fifteen hundred troops into Texas under the direction of __________________ ___________________ whose presence proved vital to the exploration and defense of the frontier and the overall development of the states

Back 43

William J. Worth

Front 44

Which of the following parties won every presidential and gubernatorial election from 1845 to 1860?

Back 44

Democrats

Front 45

Who was the fist large slaveholder in Texas?

Back 45

Jared Groece

Front 46

In 1845, the practice of _____________ was largely outlawed as a means of settling disputes in Texas.

Back 46

dueling

Front 47

What led to the destruction of the Whig Party and the formation of the Know Nothing Party?

Back 47

the passing of the Kansas-Nebraska Act

Front 48

Which of the following held more than two-thirds of all state and local offices across antebellum Texas?

Back 48

slaveholders

Front 49

Because public education remained only a much-talked-about dream in Texas before the Civil War, formal schooling was essentially a matter of _____________ ________________.

Back 49

private enterprise

Front 50

Above all, slaves seemed to use _______________ to protest against bondage and express their hopes for freedom.

Back 50

music

Front 51

Which of the following would be more likely to own property in antebellum Texas?

Back 51

women

Front 52

Some religious denominations also affected life in antebellum Texas by placing emphasis on ________________ and certain reforms such as the temperance movement.

Back 52

education

Front 53

The eastern two-fifths of the state of Texas from 1845-1860 is often referred to as __________________ Texas because of the large numbers of slaves living in that portion of the state.

Back 53

Antebellum

Front 54

More than two-thirds of farmers in antebellum Texas practice _____________________ agriculture, or safety-first

Back 54

subsistence

Front 55

Marshall, described by the textbook as the metropolis of East Texas, had a population of ____________________ (numerically) in 1860.

Back 55

2,000

Front 56

______________________ became a "Paradise for happiness" among Texas slaves because it would extradite slaves

Back 56

Mexico

Front 57

Which of the following states were the first to secede from the Union?

Back 57

South Carolina

Front 58

Most Texans spent the Civil War in:

Back 58

the Trans-Mississippi Region

Front 59

According to your textbook, why did Texas secede in 1861?

Back 59

to defend slavery

Front 60

Why was Sam Houston removed from the office of governor in 1861?

Back 60

he refused to take an oath of loyalty to the Confederacy

Front 61

Which of the following men were the northern Democratic candidate for U.S. President in 1860?

Back 61

Stephen Douglass

Front 62

Which of the following men were the southern Democratic candidate for U.S. President in 1860?

Back 62

John Breckinridge

Front 63

What Texas Confederate successfully defended Sabine Pass in the face of overwhelming odds?

Back 63

Richard Dowling

Front 64

When did the Civil War began?

Back 64

April 12, 1861

Front 65

The _____________________ ________________ party said in the 1860 election that its only principles were the Constitution and the Union and it had no plan for dealing with issues such as slavery.

Back 65

Constitutional Union

Front 66

One of the major factors in Abraham Lincoln not receiving votes from Texas was that the __________________ Party did not exist in Texas in 1860 and hence there was no party electors for which Republican supporters could have voted

Back 66

Republican

Front 67

The fifteen-man Committee on Public Safety was created to take control of all property in the state belonging to the ____________________ government.

Back 67

national

Front 68

The greatest burdens for those on the Texas home-front came from the loss of ______________ in the army, the brutal disputes resulting from internal dissent, and continuing conflict on the _______________ frontier. (enter answer with a semicolon in between two answers, ex--fireplace; wood)

Back 68

life; Indian

Front 69

After the First and Second Texas Mounted Rifles regiments were called out to war, the ______________ ________________ was created to deal with Indian conflict on the frontier in Texas.

Back 69

Frontier Regiment

Front 70

Juneteenth came about when which of the following men proclaimed the Emancipation Proclamation in Texas on June 19th?

Back 70

General Gordon Granger

Front 71

Which of the following men was the first leader of the Freedmen's Bureau in Texas?

Back 71

General Edgar M. Gregory

Front 72

Which of the following men said that we must form "a white man's Gov[ernmen]t' that will "keep Sambo from the polls?"

Back 72

James W. Throckmorton

Front 73

Which of the following statements best describes the impact of Reconstruction on Texas?

Back 73

very little change took place because many of the men who had voted for secession in 1861 where once again in power by the time Reconstruction was over

Front 74

Freedmen wanted to be good __________________________--working for themselves, becoming property owners, and improving the lives of their children

Back 74

Americans

Front 75

During the process of creating a new state constitution in Texas, two factions developed. One faction was marked by those who totally condemned secession and took a moderate stand for freedmen. This faction was known as the __________________ ___________________.

Back 75

Radical Unionists

Front 76

During the process of creating a new state constitution in Texas, two factions developed. One faction wanted o restore the Union with as little change as possible and it also refused to consider franchising the freedmen. This faction was known as the __________________ ___________________.

Back 76

Conservative Unionists

Front 77

Oran M. Roberts and David Burnett were not seated in Congress when they were elected by Texas because they were conforming to the rules of ___________________.

Back 77

Reconstruction

Front 78

The most important task that Texas government faced following Reconstruction was restoring ____________ and _________________

Back 78

law; order

Front 79

On ___________________, 1871 the Twelfth Legislature passed a new public school law that created a highly centralized system more to the liking of Governor Davis but less to the liking of others in the state because it raised taxes and promoted the education of blacks.

Back 79

April 24

Front 80

The notion that _____________________ ran the state during Reconstruction and ruined the careers of many white politicians is completely unfounded according to the textbook.

Back 80

carpetbaggers

Front 81

Which of the following U.S. presidents brought in Quakers to deal with the Texas Indian problem?

Back 81

Ulysses S. Grant

Front 82

Which of the following best describes the ultimate impact of the Salt Creek Massacre?

Back 82

convinced Americans that only military action could resolve the Indian dispute

Front 83

Which of the following countries were responsible for introducing cattle into Texas?

Back 83

Spain

Front 84

According to your textbook, what was the major problem that Texans faced in regard to driving cattle to markets?

Back 84

long distances to markets

Front 85

Which of the following destroyed Indian resistance in Texas?

Back 85

Red River War

Front 86

Who became the first lady of the Panhandle?

Back 86

Mary Ann Goodnight

Front 87

The defeat of the ______________________ provided new encouragement for Comanche and Kiowa raiders in northwestern Texas

Back 87

Confederacy

Front 88

The Sedalia Trail was largely unsuccessful for cattle drivers because of the threat of _________________ in Texas cattle.

Back 88

disease

Front 89

________________ ______________ established the first large ranch in the Panhandle in 1876 by moving 1,600 longhorns into the Palo Duro Canyon

Back 89

Charles Goodnight

Front 90

The largest ranch in Texas was the ___________________.

Back 90

XIT

Front 91

Which of the following helped Texas recover more rapidly from the Civil War than the older southern states?

Back 91

many individuals fled the older southern states for Texas because of the devastating impact that the war had on the older states thereby helping Texas to recover more quickly

Front 92

Which of the following provided a new employment opportunity for women after 1876 in Texas?

Back 92

the telephone

Front 93

Which of the following was the largest industry in Texas during the 1870s?

Back 93

flour milling

Front 94

The most important achievement of Oran B. Roberts second term in office as governor of Texas was:

Back 94

the creation of the Univesity of Texas

Front 95

Which of the following schools was the first public black college in Texas?

Back 95

Prairie View Normal Insitute

Front 96

Which of the following is true of "redeemer" governors?

Back 96

"redeemers" sought to keep government as small, inactive, and inexpensive as reason would allow

Front 97

Populism was radical in that it included:

Back 97

black Texans

Front 98

Which of the following was a tool used by Hogg Democrats to convince white Populists to return to the Democratic Party?

Back 98

disenfranchisement

Front 99

Texas experienced enough railroad and industrial growth during the 1870s that sizable________________ __________________ appeared for the first time in the state.

Back 99

labor unions

Front 100

Focusing originally more on education and social interaction than on economic matters, the ________________ became during the 1870s a major vehicle of farmer protest.

Back 100

Grange

Front 101

The prohibition movement was energized in Texas by the ______________ ______________ _________________ Union in 1883.

Back 101

Women's Christian Temperance

Front 102

______________ ______________ ________________ was a Texan born in 1851 in East Texas that represented a new generation of Democratic politicians.

Back 102

James Stephen Hogg