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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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WHat are the two thingsthat determines long term memory determination?f |
Both incidentialsynaptic activation and gene expression |
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What is the model thatpairs synaptic incidential activation AND gene expression effects on synapticstrenghening? |
Synapse that areactivated will express a molecular tag that will then be the target of geneproducts which in turn will induce strenghening of synapses |
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Application of serotonincan have two function on a synapse, what are they? What will change the applicationof serotonin? |
Can render a synapsesensitive to strenghening or induce gene expression |
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By applying serotonin only on the cell body, what can you induce in synaptic strengh? What happens if you insert a protein synthesis inhibiter? |
You will induce long term facilitation but that is all and you do not require protein synthesis to do so. Need 5x 5HT and CREB activity however. |
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What requires an activation at a specific synapse regarding memory formation? |
Synapse activation is required for morphological changes and persistent Long term facilitation. |
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What will cell wide facilitation not due compared to synapse specific? |
Synapse specific facilitation will increase short term synaptic strengh. |
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What is a veracossity? |
presynatic outgrowths to post synapse. it is not verified if it is active or not . |
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How long can a synaptic strenghening occur if serotonin is applied to a specific synapse? Soma? |
synapse: 72 hours Soma: 24 hours |
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When you add a significant amount of serotonin at a specific synapse. What will happen? |
1: Transport to nucleus to induce gene expression 2: Tag at synapse 3: Inhibit neighboring synapse changes. |
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If you apply 5 burst of serotonin on a synapse and apply one application of serotonin on another synapse, what will happen to that synapse? |
The application of one serotonin will be enough to induce synaptic strengh |
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You apply one burst of serotonin to one synpase and activate gene expression. What will happen? |
Synapse will be strenghened for 72 hours, varicosities will sprout and supression of cell wide changes will occur. |
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What is ment by capture regarding synapses? |
Capture refers to the fact that one synapse can be induced strenghen through minimal application of serotonin if another synapse was activated. |
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If you only activate gene expression in a neuron, what will happen? |
You will have cel wide facilitation but that is all. no morphological changes will be observed. |
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If you activate gene expression in a neuron and apply serotonin to one neuron, what will happen? |
The neuron will know morphological changes and will have synapse specific strenghening |
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What are the two minimum requirements for specific synapse strenghening? |
You need Gene expression ( can induce through phosphorilated CREB) and one application of serotonine at one site. |
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within what time window must TAG be expressed in order to have capture? This depends on the activity of which kinase? |
WIthin 2hourse before and after the high stimulation. This depends on PKA activity. |
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can synaptic tag be involved in Intermediate or short term memory? |
Perhaps |
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in rodents what kind of stimulus is sufficient to induce a long term LTP? |
A stimulus that gives early LTP ( through a tetanous) |
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Will blocking protein synthesis block TAG activity? |
NO |
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What are three reasons to believe that actin is involved in potentiation? |
1: Phosphorylation of actin occurs same for tag 2: Actin polymerization lead to spin broadening 3; New synapse requires actin modifications |
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If you artificially induce protein synthesis in a rat and make it learn a beahavior what will happen to it ? |
It will have a long term memory more quickly to it. |
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If you present a rat to a room and make it get used to it, and one day shock it, what will the rat do as an association? |
A short term memory of the shock associated with the room |
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If you present a rat to a new room and shock it, what will the rat do as an association? |
The rat will have a strong association with the room and the shock as all was new |
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If you present a rat to a new room inject a protein synthesis inhibitor and shock it, what will the rat do as an association? |
THe rat will not form a strong association of teh shock with the room. |
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what is required for very long term memory? What will happen in parralel to this? |
New synapse are required which occur in parrallel of the strenghening of old synapses. |
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What are the 4 conditions for synaptic formation and stabilization? |
New growth Synaptic tag Nascent synapse formation local translation of mRNA |
