Surgery: Signs

Front 1

allen's test

Back 1

test to determine patency of ulnar and radial arteries; compress both and then release one to look for reperfusion (repeat test for other artery)

Front 2

ballance's sign

Back 2

dullness to percussion in left flank/LUQ with resonance to percussion on R flank seen with pancreatic rupture/hematoma

Front 3

battle's sign

Back 3

ecchymosis over mastoid process seen with basilar skull fracture

Front 4

beck's triad

Back 4

cardiac tamponade:
muffled heart sounds
jvd
decreased BP

Front 5

bergman's triad

Back 5

fat emboli:
dyspnea
petechiae
mental status change

Front 6

blumer's shelf

Back 6

metastatic disease to the rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) or the rectovesicle pouch that is palpable as a shelf on rectal exam

Front 7

boas's sign

Back 7

right subscapular pain from cholelithiasis

Front 8

carcinoid triad

Back 8

flushing
diarrhea
right heart failure

Front 9

chovstek's sign

Back 9

twitching of the face upon tapping in patients with hypocalcemia

Front 10

courvoisier's sign

Back 10

enlarged, non-tender gallbladder, seen with obstruction of the common bile duct most often from pancreatic cancer

Front 11

cullen's sign

Back 11

peri-umbilical ecchymosis from retroperitoneal hemorrhage

Front 12

cushing's triad

Back 12

increased ICP:
hypertension
bradycardia
irregular respirations

Front 13

dance's sign

Back 13

empty right lower quadrant in children with ileocecal intussusception

Front 14

fothergill's sign

Back 14

used to differentiate an intra-abdominal mass from one in the wall- if the mass is felt while there is tension being placed on the abdomen then it is in the wall;

Front 15

fox's sign

Back 15

ecchymosis of inguinal ligament seen with retroperitoneal hemorrhage

Front 16

goodsall's rule

Back 16

anal fistulae tack in a straight line anteriorly, and curved posteriorly

Front 17

grey-turner's sign

Back 17

ecchymosis of flank from retroperitoneal hemorrhage

Front 18

hamman's sign

Back 18

crunching on auscultation of heart from emphysematous mediastinum (from Boerhaave's)

Front 19

homan's sign

Back 19

calf pain on forced dorsiflexion of foot in patient's with DVT

Front 20

howship-romberg sign

Back 20

pain along inner aspect of thigh; seen with obturator hernia as result of nerve compression

Front 21

kehr's sign

Back 21

severe left shoulder pain in patients with splenic reupture (result of referred pain fro diaphragmatic irritation)

Front 22

krukenberg tumor

Back 22

metastatic tumor to ovary

Front 23

kelly's sign

Back 23

visible peristalsis of the ureter in resposne to squeezing or retraction, used to identify the ureter during surgery

Front 24

laplace's law

Back 24

wall tension = pressure x radius

Front 25

meckel's diverticulum rule of 2's

Back 25

two percent of the populatoin have a meckel's diverticulum, 2% of those are symptomatic, and they occur within 2 feet of ileocecal valve

Front 26

murphy's sign

Back 26

cessation of ispiration while palpating under right costal margin due to cholecystitis

Front 27

obturator's sign

Back 27

pain upon internal rotation of the leg with the hip and knee flexed in patients with appendicitis/pelvic abscess

Front 28

psoas sign

Back 28

pain with extending the hip with the knee in full extension , seen with appendicitis and psoas inflammation

Front 29

pheochromocytom symptoms triad

Back 29

palpitations
headache
episodic diaphoresis

Front 30

pheochromocytoma rule of 10s

Back 30

10% bilateral, malignant, in children, extra-adrenal, multiple tumors

Front 31

raccoon eyes

Back 31

bilateral black eyes as a result of basilar skull fracture

Front 32

reynold's pentad

Back 32

fever
jaundice
ruq pain
mental status changes
shock/sepsis
in patient's with suppurative cholangitis

Front 33

rovsing's sign

Back 33

palpation of the LLQ resulting in pain in RLQ, seen in appendicitis

Front 34

saint's triad

Back 34

cholelithiasis
hiatal hernia
diverticular disease

Front 35

silk glove sign

Back 35

indirect hernia sac in the pediatric; the sac feels like a finger of a silk glove when rolled under teh examining finger

Front 36

sister mary joseph's signs

Back 36

metastatic tumor to umbilical lymph node

Front 37

virchow's node

Back 37

metastatic tumor to left supraclavicular node

Front 38

virchow's triad

Back 38

stasis
abnormal endothelium
hypercoagulability

Front 39

trousseau's sign

Back 39

carpal spasm with occulsion of blood vessels to the forearm with a BP cuff in patient's with hypoalcemia

Front 40

valentino's sign

Back 40

RLQ pain from a perforated peptic ulcer due to succus/pus draining into the RLQ

Front 41

westermark's sign

Back 41

decreased pulmonary vascular markings on CXR in apatient with pulmonary embolus

Front 42

whipple's triad

Back 42

evidence of insulinoma:
hypoglycemia
CNS and vasomotor symptoms (syncpe, diaphoresis)
relief of symptoms with administration of glucose