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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the key genera of the Staphylococcaceae Family?
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Staphylococcus
Gemella |
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What are the key Species of the Staphylococcus Genus?
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* S aureus
* S epidermidis * S haemolyticus S intermedius S lugdunensis * S saprophyticus S schleiferi *= we need to know these |
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Identify Staph morphologically
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Gram positive
Cocci clusters 0.5-1.5 microns 2D multiplication Incomplete separation of daughter cells --> cluster formation |
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Identify Staph based on growth
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Rapid
Sharply defined Smooth, opaque colonies Routine, nonselective media Penicillin Resistant |
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How do S. aureus and S. epidermidis look on blood agar?
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S. aureus - yellow colonies (beta-hemolytic)
S. epidermidis - white colonies (gamma-hemolytic) |
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Identify Staph based on metabolism
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Facultative anaerobe
CATALASE POSITIVE (differentiate from strep) Coagulase positive or negative |
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Which Staphylococci are coagulase positive? Negative?
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+ = S aureus
- = S epidermidis, S saprophyticus |
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Identify enzyme virulence factors produced by Coagulase Positive Staph
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Catalase
Coagulase Hyaluronidase Staphylokinase Lipase Thermostable nuclease Penicillinase |
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Identify toxin virulence factors produced by Coagulase Positive Staph
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Membrane-active toxins
Panton-Valentine leukocidin Exfoliatin TSS Toxin 1 Enterotoxins A-E and G |
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Identify other virulence factors produced by Coagulase Positive Staph
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Capsule
Teichoic Acid Protein A |
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Identify virulence factors produced by Coagulase Negative Staph
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"Slime"
Penicillinase |
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What are the different infections/intoxications caused by S aureus (coagulase positive)?
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Folliculitis
Furuncles and carbuncles Impetigo Cellulitis Scalded skin syndrome Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) Endocarditis Pneumonia Osteomyelitis Septic arthritis Food Poisoning |
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What are the different infections/intoxications caused by Coagulase Negative staph?
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Prosthetic valve endocarditis
Catheter-associated bacteremia CNS shunt infection Prosthetic device-associated infection Peritoneal dialysis catheter – associated peritonitis UTI |
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What are the epidemiological risk factors for infections with S aureus?
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Lives on skin, skin glands, mucous membranes
Preferentially colonizes the nares |
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What are the epidemiological risk factors for infections with Coagulase Negative staph?
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Lives on skin, skin glands, mucous membranes
Preferentially colonizes the: - skin (S epidermidis, lugdunensis) - sweat gland (S haemolyticus) - mucous membranes (S saprophyticus) |
