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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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According to your text, the 3 levels of social control that encourage conformity include all of the following except:
A. Informal Control B. Self Control C. Normative Control D. Formal Control |
D. Normative control
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If caught cheeting on this exam, you are likely to be punished by the professor and the university. This is a type of...
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Formal control
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Norm violations that exceed the tolerance level of the community and result in negative sanctions are...
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Deviances
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The term used to describe a situation in which the norms of society are unclear or no longer applicable to current conditions is...
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Anomie
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People who have or can look forward to good jobs and therefore conclude they have too much to lose by being deviant are being "deterred" by...
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Instrumental values
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If this theory is correct, we would expect crime among the lower classes to rise during economic recessions when it becomes difficult to meet basic needs
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Conflict
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Deviant acts that are subject to legal or civil penalties are defined as...
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Crimes
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Which of the following is generally considered to be a victimless crime?
A. Burglary B. Illegal entry and trespass C. Gambling D. Larceny-theft |
C. Gambling
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Crimes committed by respectable people of high social status in the course of their occupations are known as...
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White-collar crimes
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Some sociologists have suggested that mental illness should be defined as...
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Residual deviance
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When offenders are corrected rather than punished, the response is known as...
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Reformation
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According to Merton's strain theory, the social class most likely to engage in deviance is...
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Lower class
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Which of the following is an ascribed status?
A. Parent B. Female C. Friend D. Doctor |
B. Female
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The process of changing one's social class is called...
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Social mobility
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In Marx's framework, those who own the tools and materials necessary for their work are the...
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Bourgeoisie
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The dimension of social class having to do with the ability to overcome resistance and get others to act against their wishes is called...
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Power
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Today, the primary indicator of social class used by scholars is...
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Occupational prestige
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The theoretical position that states inequality is often the result of force, fraud, and trickery comes from...
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the Conflict Theory
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The best predictor of your social class is...
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Your parents income
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When individuals have a strong drive to match themselves against standards of excellence, we say that they have high...
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Achievement motivation
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A set of beliefs that rationalizes current social structures is called a(n)...
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Ideology
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The major ideology that justifies inequality in the US is...
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The American Dream
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People in Ethiopia who are starving to death are suffering from...
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Absolute poverty
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The statement that the "American poor are not poor in Hong Kong or in the sixteenth century; they are poor here and now" stresses the importance of...
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Relative poverty
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The process of increasing the productivity and standard of living of a society is called...
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Development
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Which country is not considered part of the most-developed countries?
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China
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Which macrosociological view of social change is based on evolutionary and functional theory?
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Modernization theory
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Where women attain higher levels of education, their productivity in the paid labor market is ____ and their productivity in the unpaid labor market is ____
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Enhanced/enhanced
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World system theory argues that the world economic system is dominated by...
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Capitalism
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The US is an example of a ____ society.
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Core society
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The United Nations estimates that if current growth trends continue, the world will soon run out of...
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Water, Oil, Aluminum, and Copper
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The foremost change necessary to ensure sustainable development is the elimination of...
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Absolute poverty
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The least developed countries spend an enormous share of their scarce resources on...
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Military arms
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The major asset a less developed country has to offer a transnational corporation these days is...
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Cheap labor
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In general, foreign investment in the least developed countries increases...
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Standards of living
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True or False?
When people obey the law even when there is no reason to believe that they will be punished for breaking if, they are said to have internalized social control |
True
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True or False?
Retreatists reject the culturally approved goals of society and the instutionalized means of achieving them |
True
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True or False?
The labeling theory is concerned primarily with how the public learning of criminals results in lower crime rates |
False
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True or False?
It is argued in your text that young people are more likely to be deviant than older people primarily because they have more energy than older people do |
False
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True or False?
The strict application of the rules, regardless of fairness in specific cases, is called substantive law |
False
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True or False?
Inequality becomes stratification when it is instutionalized and based upon membership in a status |
True
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True or False?
Comparative studies of the occupational prestige scale show that there is a great deal of similarity in the rankings of occupations cross nations and across time |
True
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True or False?
Working class people in the US usually make considerably less than middle class people |
False
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True or False?
African Americans and Hispanics are more likely to be poor than white non-Hispanics |
True
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True or False?
The macrostructural approach to poverty emphasizes lack of effort and bad values |
False
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True or False?
Almost all nations have development as a goal |
True
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True or False?
Most of the world's population lives in the most developed countries |
False
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True or False?
Peripherial societies have little control over their economies |
True
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True or False?
In the long run, irrigation may actually decrease agricultural productivity |
True
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True or False?
One consequence of foreign aid dependence is increased income inequality |
True
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