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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most powerful form of masculinity? |
Hegemonic masculinity - It has variations between men (secuality, class, ethnicity, ability) |
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What is gender socialisation? Give an example of gender socialisation. |
it is the process of learning the social expectations and attitudes associated with one's sex. OR the process by which we learn what attitudes, behaviour and appearances are appropriate for our gender For example: girls learn to do different household chores like baking or cleaning, and boys learn to mow lawns and take out garbage. Girls for pink and blue for boys |
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Give an example of an agent of socialisation |
Family, friends, education, media, |
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Sociologists explain through gender socialization why human males and females behave in different ways: they learn different social roles. Sometimes gender roles lead to inequality. Give an example of how gender lead to inequality |
Being female means that you are responsible for domestic work and because of this, females are less likely to have higher pay or be in a top position because they need to take a lot of time off work |
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The social power around gender that brings us so obediently to heel around dominant social norms and practices and is hard to resist - is it hegemonic or coercive? |
Hegemonic Hegemonic - dominance Coercive - act of force |
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What is hegemonic masculinity? |
It is the socially empowered form of masculine behaviour, practice and expectations |
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Who are the one who made the concept of hegemonic masculinity? |
Raewyn Connell |
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What are the examples of how masculinity is constructed around other important social dynamics? |
• Education - In school, boys are taught to be in a manual labouring industries eg. farming - They are taught how to be hard, tough, straight, unemotional, risk takers, in control, solidarity
- Class/Work - Leisure (drinking) |
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What is heteronormativity? |
Heteronormativity is the belief that people fall into distinct and complementary genders (male and female) with natural roles in life. It assumes that heterosexuality is the only sexual orientation and states that sexual and marital relations are most (or only) fitting between people of opposite sexes. |
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What is heterosexual? |
It is when a person is attracted to their opposite sex |
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What is an example of Thomas Law in hegemonic masculinity? |
Seeking to perform hegemonic masculinity in a working class context destined them to work in the kinds of workplaces that generated exactly this kind of HM |
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What is a major part of cultural life of working men in the 70s and 80s? |
Post-work drinking |
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How does post-work drinking show hegemonic masculinity - class boundaries, in-class hierarchies, and policing poor masculine performance? |
In order to be considered 'masculine' - need to be a competent drinker, need to have control and maintain 'normality' when drunk and need to know how to hold their piss |
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Hegemonic masculinity reveals gender as: |
• Binary: it is defined in opposition to feminity and of other kinds of masculinity • Hierarchical: competent masculine performance in leisure (and other fields) is subtly related to men's success at work. It divides up a world of winners and losers • Normative: the highly socially constructed world of gender becomes the invisible norm that we conform to (or resist. HM is usually unmarked • Embodied: it takes practice to get your body to do the things that men 'should' do |
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Define body image |
person's perception of the aesthetics or sexual attractiveness of their own body |
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What are the two concept of body image? |
- perceptual component and attitudinal component |
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How does media contribute to gender socialisation? |
The media forms of pedagogy that teach us how to be men and women: how to dress, look and consume; how to be popular and successful and avoid failure; and how to conform to the dominant system of norms, values, practices and institutions Social identities are molded by social medias |
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Define reinventive institutions |
Places to whcih people retreat for periosn of intense self-reflection, education, enrichment and reform but under their own decision, in pursuit of self-improvement |
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What are the components of reinventive institutions? |
• Voluntaristic • Disciplinary Power • Performative regulation and mutual surveillance • Greedy Institutions Example: BBG - It is driven by desire to meet societies expectations of what you wanna be. It is working in a way on trying to improve yourself to fit the social norms. |
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Give an example of a person who epitomises HM |
Dan Carter - he epitomises HM because he plays rugby but he still takes care of his appearance. Celebrity endorsement legitimise male to join the grooming. |
