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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is perceptual confimation?
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we see things in line with our expectations; our perceptions confirm our expectations
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rosenhaan
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normal people checked themselves into an insane asylum and gave false symptoms. doctors thought they were insane
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contrast effect
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we see things completely differently based on what they are compared to
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kenrick & Gutierre
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asked men to rate women...
when watching either charlies angels or cops. men though woman was hotter when watching cops than CA |
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false-consensus effect
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we have a tendancy to believe share the same opinion as our own
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ross
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asked people if they were willing to wear billboard around busy quad. asked if they thought other people would. said other people would chose action they did.
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Anchoring and adjustment
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if you ask people a Q and give them an anchor, they are very influenced by anchor, even if ridiculous.
ex: age? 10/30 |
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Framing
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how you frame a question determines the answer it will illicit (25% fat vs. 75% fat free)
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availibility
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how easily we can classify or bring info to mind influences the reponse we give (ex: plane crashes seem more prevelent than car accidents bc we hear about them more)
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representativeness
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how typically something fits in our minds as representitive of a particular category. we can be foold by this bc sometimes cateorgies are only images (ex: granola vs. lucky charms. granola= health, but not as health really)
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base-rate fallacy
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when we ignore the actual likelihood of something (people think that kidnapping is the biggest thret to children; pools and guns really are)
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simulation/counterfactual thinking
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looks at the ease at which you can undo something in your mind by looking at the alternative (people happier with 87 than 89)
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MEDVEC et. AL
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looking at reactions of ppl who get bronze vs silver metle
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primacy
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things you hear 1st influence weightings ...first thing colors everyhing else
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trait negativity bias
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negative things carry a disproportionate weight
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implicit personality theory
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we have beliefs about which traits go together and thus make assumptions about peoples behavior before we even meet them
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hindsight bias
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once we learn the outcome of something, we think it was inevitable
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likely?
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more likely to make these errors about ourselves than other people
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Krueger & Dunning
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ppl in dating relationships always think that their relationship will last forever; reality: parents, friends, roommates are more accurate judge
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