Social Problems - Exam 2

Front 1

Demography

Back 1

The study of the population

Front 2

Human Agency

Back 2

People are agents and actors who cope with, adapt to, and change social structures to meet their needs.

Front 3

Assimilation

Back 3

Process where individuals or groups adopt the culture of another group, losing their original identity.

Front 4

Baby boom generation

Back 4

People who where living during WWII, upon return to US, fertility rates increased

Front 5

Fertility

Back 5

Birthrate

Front 6

Morality

Back 6

Death rate

Front 7

Regressive tax

Back 7

Taxing at a set percentage, takes a larger proportion of the wealth from the poor than from the non-poor

Front 8

Dependency ratio

Back 8

Proportion of the pop. who work compared to the proportion who do not work.

Front 9

Therapeutic Care

Back 9

the approach in a health facility that focuses on meeting the need of residents.

Front 10

Custodial Care

Back 10

The approach in a health facility that focuses on meeting the needs of the institution, resulting in poor-quality care for patients.

Front 11

Beanpole family structure

Back 11

A family structure in which the number of living generations within linkage increaces, but there is an intragenerational contraction in the number of members within each generation

Front 12

Sandwich family structure

Back 12

Where parents care for both their parents and their children simultaneously.

Front 13

Ageism

Back 13

The devaluation of and the discrimination against the elderly

Front 14

Disengagement

Back 14

The response by some people to the aging process of retreating from relationships, organization. and society.

Front 15

Poverty

Back 15

Standard of living below the minimum needed for the main tan ce of adequate diet, health, and shelter.

Front 16

Offical poverty line

Back 16

Arbitrary line computed by multiplying the cost of a basic nutritionally adequate diet by three.

Front 17

Poverty threshold

Back 17

Arbitrary line computed by multiplying the cost of a basic nutritionally adequate diet by three.

Front 18

Feminization of poverty

Back 18

women are more likely to be in poverty bc women are economically vulnerable then men, especially women of color.

Front 19

Persistent poverty counties

Back 19

Counties in the US where 20% of the people live below the poverty line

Front 20

Extreme - poverty neighborhoods

Back 20

Areas in the US where more than 40% of the people love below the poverty line.

Front 21

New poor

Back 21

Poor who are displaced by new technology, jobs who've moved away to the suburbs, other regions or out of the country. Less hope of escaping poverty, don't have benefits like old poor.

Front 22

Old poor

Back 22

Poor of an ealing generation, who wanted to break out of poverty with unskilled jobs bc they were plentiful. Hope for their children to escape poverty

Front 23

Working poor

Back 23

People who work but remain below the poverty threshold.

Front 24

Near poor

Back 24

People who work but remain below the poverty threshold but below 125% of that threshold.

Front 25

Severely poor

Back 25

People whose cash incomes are at half the poverty line or less.

Front 26

Personal responsibility and work opportunity reconciliation act (PRWORA)

Back 26

It shifted walker programs from federal gov. to the states. Cut spending by:
-find work within two years
-limited on welfare for five years

Front 27

Walfare

Back 27

Gov. monies and services provided to the poor

Front 28

Wealthfare

Back 28

Gov. subsidies to the non-poor

Front 29

Tax expenditures

Back 29

Legal tax loopholes that allow the affluent to escape paying certain taxes and therefore to receive a subsidy

Front 30

Regressive tax

Back 30

Tax rare that remains the same for the rich and the poor.
- poor pay a larger portion.

Front 31

Social Darwinism

Back 31

Belief that the place of people in the social stratification system is a function of their ability and effort.

Front 32

Meritocracy

Back 32

Social classification based on ability

Front 33

Blaming the victim

Back 33

Ignores social factors and blames the victim.

Front 34

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Back 34

Event that occurs bc it is predicted. The prophecy is fulfilled bc people alter their behavior to conform to the prediction

Front 35

Culture-of-poverty

Back 35

View that the poor are qualitative different in values and lifestyles from the rest of society and that these cultural differences explain continued poverty

Front 36

Institutional discrimination

Back 36

when the social arrangements and accepted ways of doing things in society disadvantage minority groups.

Front 37

Differential fertility

Back 37

Differences in the average number if children born to a women by social category

Front 38

Fertility rate

Back 38

the average number of children each women

Front 39

Modern demographic transition

Back 39

3 stage pattern
1. Agricultural- both birth and death rates high, pop. low.
2. Transition - birthrates maintain high but death rates low.
3. Decline- slowing pop., societies become more ruban

Front 40

Life Chances

Back 40

the chances throughout ones if cycle to live and experience the good things in life

Front 41

Pandemic

Back 41

world wide epidemic

Front 42

New slavery

Back 42

Not long life condition. Individuals and family are enslaved by choice bc of extreme poverty

Front 43

Megacity

Back 43

City with 10 million plus people

Front 44

Colony

Back 44

a territory controlled by a powerful country that exploits the land and the people for it own benefit

Front 45

Transnational corporation

Back 45

a profit oriented company engaged in business activities in more than one nation

Front 46

Corporate dumping

Back 46

exporting good that have banned or not approved for sale in the US, so they send it over seas.

Front 47

the average Americans carbon_________ is 23x bigger than that of the average Indian

Back 47

footprint

Front 48

Most of the current pop. growth occurs in the ____ developed nations

Back 48

less

Front 49

transition stage

Back 49

stage of the modern demographic transition in which pop. growth remains high while death rates decrease

Front 50

Debt bind age is most common in ______

Back 50

South Asia

Front 51

1/2 of the world's pop. lives in _____ areas

Back 51

urban

Front 52

Transnational companies prefer to hire ______ from poor countries to work in factories.

Back 52

children

Front 53

Why do poor countries have higher fertility rates?

Back 53

Children need to bring in income and take care of aging parents.

Front 54

Women's roles in society of developing world and pop. growth

Back 54

-have children
-rise children
-maintain house
-no responsibilities outside the home.

Front 55

How does chronic malnutrition affect children and adults

Back 55

child's growth is stunted (physical and mental)
increased morality rates
adults deal with emotional lose of child and lose of income

Front 56

3 ways corporate dumping is undesirable

Back 56

increase health risks
ANTI-US feelings
Boomerang effect

Front 57

women are ___ likely than men to be among the working poor

Back 57

more

Front 58

census generally ____ the number of the poor

Back 58

underestimates

Front 59

new poor are ____ off than the old poor

Back 59

worse

Front 60

_____ occurs when the customary ways of doings things, the prevailing attitudes and expectations, and the accepted structural arrangements on society disadvantage the poor

Back 60

institutional discrimination

Front 61

____ to the theory that the poor are poor bc societal structure limit their opportunities

Back 61

structural theory

Front 62

a cultural inferiority argument is a type of _____ theory

Back 62

defincey

Front 63

one of the primary ways that ppl without insurance access Healthcare is by using ______ medical services

Back 63

ER

Front 64

Why is it difficult to determine exact number of the ppl.in poverty

Back 64

No stable system
Homeless
undocumented

Front 65

What are the causes of feminization of poverty

Back 65

lower paying jobs
divorce/not married

Front 66

difference between new and old poor

Back 66

new poor- blue collard workers who gotten laid off due to technology
old poor- past gen. who could never get out of poverty and want their children out of it.

Front 67

myths about poverty

Back 67

-just get a job
-welfare dependency
-poor get special advantage

Front 68

2012, U.S. at 313,000,000 in pop. we are the _____ highest pop in the world

Back 68

3

Front 69

U.S. grows in pop. in large influx bc of _______

Back 69

immigration

Front 70

What generation were born between 1946-64

Back 70

baby boom

Front 71

Immigration Act

Back 71

abandoned the quota system that European characterized the US for half a century.

Front 72

T/F Majority are out numbers minorities.

Back 72

F.

Front 73

elderly married couples have a greater ____ then elderly singles

Back 73

net worth

Front 74

Why are there few racial minorities elderly then whites?

Back 74

life expectancy

Front 75

How are immigration and human Agency related?

Back 75

immigrants have to cope and adapt to their social situations of the host country to meet basic needs.