Skin & Integumentary System Chapter 6

Front 1

What are the four types of membranes found in the human body?

Back 1

1.Serous Membrane
2.Mucous Membrane
3.Synovial Membrane
4.Cutaneous Membrane

Front 2

Serous Membrane:
Function and Location

Back 2

1.Secrete serous fluid to reduce friction between cavity and wall.
2.Always in pairs on covers internal organ other covers cavity.

Front 3

Three serous membranes:
Location

Back 3

1.Pericardial Mem.-One covers heart, one covers tharacic cavity
2.Pleural-one covers lungs, one covers thoracic cavity
3.Peritoneal-one covers all organs of abdonamial and pelvic, one covers cavities

Front 4

Mucous Cavity:
Location & Function

Back 4

1.Line insides of hollow organs w/an exit to the outside
2.Secrete mucus to trap particles, protects lineing, and lubrication

Front 5

Synovial Membrane:
Location & Function

Back 5

1.Found with in synovial joints
2.Secretes synovial fluid for reducing friction between bones and shock absorber

Front 6

Cutaneous Membrane:

Back 6

The Skin

Front 7

What are the functions of skin? (1-8)

Back 7

1.Barrier to infection
2.Regulate and maintain body temp.
3.Barrier to water loss.
4.Contains sensory structures for pain, touch, and temperature.
5.Protects underlying tissue from chemical and physical harm.
6.protect from UV.
7.UV Can help skin produce VIT. D
8.Excretory organ excretes waste in sweat.

Front 8

What are the three distinct layers of skin?

Back 8

1.Epidermis
2.Dermis
3.Hypodermis

Front 9

What is the basement Membrane?

Back 9

A extracellular matrix that attaches epithelial tissue to CT.

Front 10

What is the epidermis composed of? Tissue and cell structure.

Back 10

1.Stratified squamos Epithelial tissue
2.Keratinocytes

Front 11

What is the function of Keratin?

Back 11

To make cells tough/durable and water resistant.

Front 12

How does the epidermis obtain nutrients with out blood vessels?

Back 12

Simple diffusion from Connective tissue in dermis.

Front 13

Where is the stratum basale and what unique function does it do for epidermis?

Back 13

1.The deepest layer of the epidermis.
2.It undergoes cell division frequently to replace dead or dying cells in superficial layer. Well nourished.

Front 14

What are epidermal ridges?

Back 14

Increase Surface area and increase adhesive between dermis and epidermis.

Front 15

What are fingerprints and there function?

Back 15

1.
2. For grip.

Front 16

What are melanocytes,what do they produce, and what are their function?

Back 16

1.Cells that are found in the s. basale between keratoncytes.
2. They produce a pigment called melanin.
3.Inject melanin into adjcent keratinocytes to absorb UV.

Front 17

What is the cytocrine process?

Back 17

When melanocytes inject melanin into adjcent keratinocytes.

Front 18

What happens when a person is exposed to uv light?
What is tanning?

Back 18

The melanocytes will produce more melanin and inject more melanin into keratinocytes skin will darken.

Front 19

How does UV damage skin?

Back 19

1.It creates mutations upon genes of skin changing structure of gene.
2.Permanetly changes skin develop wrinkles

Front 20

Charcteristics of Stratum Corneum?

Back 20

Most superficial layer, Dead cells that are very flat and very keratinized.

Front 21

What are desmosomes?

Back 21

Two cells connected together.

Front 22

What is the dermis composed of mostly?

Back 22

Dense irregular CT.
90% Collagen fibers
10% Elastic fibers

Front 23

What other tissues are found in the dermis?

Back 23

1.Epithelial Tissue
2.Smooth muscle
3.Nervous tissue

Front 24

What accessory structures are in dermis?

Back 24

1.Hair follicles
2.All Glands
3.Arrector pili muscle
4.Allows for senses
5.Blood Vessels and blood

Front 25

Where is the hypodermis?

Back 25

Below the dermis.

Front 26

What two tissues compose the hypodermis mostly?

Back 26

1. Adipose
2.Loose Connective tissue

Front 27

Where is hair found?

Back 27

Every where but a few places palms lips bottom of feet ext, reproductive organs.

Front 28

What is a hair shaft and the follicle composed of?

Back 28

1.Dead tightly packed keratinized cells.
2.Living keratinocytes

Front 29

What are nails composed of and what are the function of nails?

Back 29

1.Very tightly packed dead keratinezed Keratinocytes.
2.Protect the ends of your digits from harm.

Front 30

What do sebaceous glands produce and why are they associated with hair follicles?

Back 30

1.Produce oil called sebum
2.Keeps hair from braking

Front 31

What happens to sebum production with age?

Back 31

It decreases

Front 32

Where is the apocrine glands found and what do they produce?

Back 32

1.Armpits and the groin
2.They produce and odorous sweat

Front 33

When do aprocrine glands produce this substance?

Back 33

During sexual excitement and chronic stress.

Front 34

Where are eccrine glands found and when do they produce sweat?

Back 34

1.All over the body.
2.To cool body temp.

Front 35

What is found in sweat?

Back 35

Water, Salts, and urea

Front 36

What happens to eccrine glands as we age?

Back 36

It decreases

Front 37

What part of the body acts as the bodys thermostat?

Back 37

Hypothalamuss

Front 38

How does the body produce heat?

Back 38

Metabolism, Skelatel muscle, brain, and liver.

Front 39

How does the body regulate temp. when the body core gets too hot and too cold?

Back 39

1.Move blood from core to surface and apendages by vasoconstriction of core blood vesels and vasodilation of the skin blood vessels.
2. Increase heart rate and breathing rate
3.Stimulate eccrine glands to sweat.
4. Oppisite for core being to cold.