Skeletal System

Front 1

an open area in the skull of an infant between the frontal and parietal bones is called..

Back 1

fontanelle

Front 2

because the thumb is not in line with the other fingers on the hand, the condition is called..

Back 2

opposable thumb

Front 3

brittleness in bone results from a decreased rate of..

Back 3

protein synthesis

Front 4

do the trabeculae of spongy bone have osteons?

Back 4

no

Front 5

endogenous bone growth occurs where in a long bone?

Back 5

in the metaphysic/epiphysis region

Front 6

how many cervical vertebrae are there?

Back 6

7

Front 7

how many different bones are found in the adult human body?

Back 7

206

Front 8

how many phalangeal segments do the main fingers on the hand have?

Back 8

3

Front 9

how many phalangeal segments do the main toes have?

Back 9

3

Front 10

how many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Back 10

12

Front 11

how many vertebrae are in the human coccyx?

Back 11

4

Front 12

how many vertebrae went into the making of the human sacrum?

Back 12

5

Front 13

in what bones would we most likely find red bone marrow?

Back 13

flat bones

Front 14

in what sex does the coccyx point more in an inferior direction?

Back 14

female

Front 15

into what socket in the scapula does the humerus insert?

Back 15

glenoid cavity

Front 16

joints between the sternum and the true ribs are called what?

Back 16

sternacostal joints

Front 17

knee and hip joints are often replaced in people because of a loss of..

Back 17

cartilage

Front 18

loss of bone mass results from..

Back 18

demineralization

Front 19

new cartilage in a long bone that is undergoing an increase in length is deposited on ..

Back 19

the epiphyseal side of the metaphyseal plate

Front 20

single articular points on vertebrae for the attachment of ribs are..

Back 20

facets

Front 21

the circular layers that make up an osteon are called..

Back 21

lamellae

Front 22

the dark spots between the concentric circles in bone tissue are..

Back 22

lacunae

Front 23

the elbow consists of the following bone or bones..

Back 23

ulna

Front 24

the fine lines that are seen radiating from one layer of bone to another in an osteon are called..

Back 24

canaliculi

Front 25

the flexibility of bone is due to..

Back 25

the presence of collagen

Front 26

__________ is an example of an irregular bone

Back 26

facial bone, vertebrae, hip bones, calcaneus

Front 27

hardness of bone is due to..

Back 27

the presence of mineral salts

Front 28

the joint between the atlas vertebra and the skull is ..

Back 28

atlanto-occipital joint

Front 29

the joint between the sacrum and pelvis is called ..

Back 29

sacroiliac joint

Front 30

the ligamentous anterior attachment betweent he two halves of the pelvic girdle is referred to..

Back 30

pubic symphysis

Front 31

the name of the joints formed between vetebrae and ribs are..

Back 31

vertebrocostal joints

Front 32

the periosteum becomes what when bone grows over it so that it is found within the bone?

Back 32

endosteum

Front 33

the pits between bone lamellae that house osteocytes are called..

Back 33

lacunae

Front 34

the small grooves that run perpendicular to the lamellae are called..

Back 34

canalliculi

Front 35

the socket in the pelvic girdle to which the condyle of the femur inserts is..

Back 35

acetabulum

Front 36

the space between ribs is generally called..

Back 36

intercostal space

Front 37

to what on the skull does the first cervical vertebra attach

Back 37

occipital condyles

Front 38

two points of attachment of a a single rib on adjacent vertebrae are referred to..

Back 38

demifacets

Front 39

what are osteogenic cells derived from?

Back 39

mesenchyme

Front 40

what are the articular surfaces on vertebra covered with?

Back 40

hyaline cartilage

Front 41

what are the circular units of compact bone called?

Back 41

osteons

Front 42

what are the joints called between different vertebrae?

Back 42

intervertebral joints

Front 43

what are the mature cells that you would find in bone?

Back 43

osteoclasts

Front 44

what bone in the leg does not attach directly to the femur

Back 44

fibula

Front 45

what bone makes up the elbow of the arm

Back 45

ulna

Front 46

what bones in the feet are not usually present but may develop as a result of injury?

Back 46

sesamoid bones

Front 47

what chemical are the nails on teh fingers and toes made of?

Back 47

keratin

Front 48

what element is stored in bone tissue?

Back 48

calcium

Front 49

what hormone is responsible for shutting down bone growth at the epiphyseal growth plate following adolescence?

Back 49

estrogen

Front 50

what is another term for spongy bone?

Back 50

trabecular bone

Front 51

what is it called when a mass of clottdd blood forms around the fracture

Back 51

fracture hematoma

Front 52

what is located between vertebrae in the spinal column

Back 52

intervertebral discs

Front 53

what is the area within an epiphysis in which bone begins to develop after it is already forming in the diaphysis

Back 53

secondary ossification center

Front 54

what is the cartilage called that attaches the ribs to the sternum

Back 54

coastal cartilage

Front 55

what is the central hole called in osteons called

Back 55

haversion canal

Front 56

what is the connective tissue covering on the inside of long bone

Back 56

endosteum

Front 57

what is the connective tissue covering the outside of a bone called

Back 57

periosteum

Front 58

what is the joint between scapula and clavicle called

Back 58

acromioclavicular joint

Front 59

what is the ijoint between sternum and clavicle called

Back 59

sternoclavicular joint

Front 60

what is the large bone in the foot that forms the heal

Back 60

calcaneus

Front 61

what is the main mineral salt tha tmakes up bone

Back 61

calcium phosphate

Front 62

what is the name of cells that you would find associated with mature cartilage

Back 62

chondrocytes

Front 63

what is the name of the cavity inside the diaphysis of a long bone

Back 63

medullary cavity

Front 64

what is the name of the cytoplasmic extensions from osteocytes

Back 64

filopodia

Front 65

what is the name of the muscles that fill the spaces between ribs

Back 65

intercostal muscles

Front 66

what is the only great ape that doesn't have an opposable big toe

Back 66

human

Front 67

what is the total number of vertebrae in a newborn child

Back 67

33

Front 68

what lipids are stored in yellow bone marrow

Back 68

triglycerides

Front 69

what part of the scapula attaches to the clavicle

Back 69

acroniom

Front 70

what type of bone growth is associated with increasing th ediameter of a long bone

Back 70

apositional growth

Front 71

what type of bone growth is associated with increasing the length of a long bone

Back 71

endogenous growth

Front 72

what type of bones are the carpal bones

Back 72

short bones

Front 73

what type of bones are the metacarpal bones

Back 73

long bones

Front 74

what type of bones are the metatarsal bones

Back 74

long bones

Front 75

what type of bones are the phalangeal bones

Back 75

long bones

Front 76

what type of bones are the tarsal bones

Back 76

short bones

Front 77

what type of connective tissue attaches from a bone to a muscle

Back 77

tendon

Front 78

what type of connective tissue attaches from one bone to another

Back 78

ligaments

Front 79

what type of connective tissue consists of chondrocytes in lacunae embedded in adense network of collagen and elastic fibers and an extracellular matrix of chondroitin sulfate

Back 79

cartilage

Front 80

what type of connective tissue makes up the predominant part of the human endoskeleton

Back 80

bone

Front 81

what type of fish did bone first appear in about 510 million years ago

Back 81

ostracoderm

Front 82

what type of marrow would you expect to find in the diaphysis of the femur and humerus in a newbone

Back 82

red marrow

Front 83

what type of marrow would you expect to find in the medullary cavity of a mature long bone

Back 83

yellow marrow

Front 84

what type of ossification is associated with cartilage being deposited first

Back 84

ejndochondral ossification

Front 85

what type of ossification is associated with the formation of a mesenchymal membrane

Back 85

intramembranous ossification

Front 86

what type of skull bones are very small and found between major cranial plates

Back 86

sutural bones

Front 87

what types of bones are vertabrae

Back 87

irregular bones

Front 88

what types of cells are responsible for the breakdown of bone

Back 88

osteoclasts

Front 89

what types of cells in bony tissue synthesize and secrete collagen and other organic components

Back 89

osteoblasts

Front 90

what vertebrae are associated with a bifid spinous process

Back 90

cervical vertebrae

Front 91

when calcium phosphate combines with calcium hydroxide, what does it form

Back 91

hydroxyapatite

Front 92

when do the long bones begin to rapidly lengthen

Back 92

during puberty

Front 93

when does a baby get the cervical curve in the spinal column

Back 93

when it lifts its head to crawl

Front 94

when does a baby get the lumbar curve in the spinal column

Back 94

when it sits up, stands and walks

Front 95

when osteobleasts become surrounded with extracellular matrix what do they become

Back 95

osteocytes

Front 96

where does the first ossification start occurring in a long bone

Back 96

in the primary ossification center

Front 97

which of the following is a floating bone in the upper part of the human body

Back 97

hyoid

Front 98

while the bones in the leg give support to the body, what keeps the leg straight and keeps the leg from bending in more than one direction

Back 98

ligaments

Front 99

articular cartilage is generally called..

Back 99

hyaline

Front 100

what is the name of lamellae that completely encircle bone

Back 100

circumferential

Front 101

sweat glands that are important in thermoregulation and emotional sweating are called

Back 101

eccrine sweat gland

Front 102

by what method do keratinocytes die

Back 102

apoptosis

Front 103

monocytes are able to change into cells that feed on cellular debris. what type of cells do they become for this

Back 103

macrophage, phagocytes

Front 104

what is a general name for the type of glands int he epidermis that deliver their contents through ducts

Back 104

endocrine glands