Seperation Techniques ;)

Front 1

sublimation

Back 1

1. solid to gas (a solid which sublimes)

e.g. solid carbon dioxide (dry ice), iodine, ammonium chloride

Front 2

filtration

Back 2

1. seperating an insoluble liquid from a solid-liquid mixture.

e.g. sand water

Front 3

evaporation

Back 3

1. soluble solid-liquid (get the solid)

2. heat mixture until all liquid evaporates

e.g. salt-water

Front 4

crystallisation

Back 4

1. soluble solid-liquid (get solid)

2. heat until we obtain a saturated solution and allow it to cool

e.g. sugar-water

Front 5

simple distillation

Back 5

1. soluble solid-liquid (get liquid)

2. use of boiling chips for smooth boiling

e.g. salt water

Front 6

magnetic attraction

Back 6

1. solid-solid

2. one must be magnetic

e.g. sand-iron fillings

Front 7

fractional distillation

Back 7

1. miscible liquid-liquid

2. seperation is based on the fact that different liquids boil at different temperature.

3. the liquid with the lowest boiling point will boil first, hence collected first

4. use of boiling chips for smooth boiling

e.g. water alcohol mixture

Front 8

seperating funnel

Back 8

1. immiscible liquid-liquid

e.g. oil-water

Front 9

chromatography

Back 9

1. to determine the number and identity of components in a mixture

2. used for very small amounts of samples.

e.g. food dyes, ink, paint & chemicals used in a drug