Sem 1 Mini Iii Histology Circulatory

Front 1

Capillaries only contain a tunica ____, resting on a basal lamina.

Back 1

intima

Front 2

A single layer of endothelial cells and the underlying , subendothelial connective tissue composed of ____ connective tissue and ____ smooth mucle cells.

Back 2

tunica intima,, loose, few

Front 3

The tunica ____ is composed of concentrically arranged layers of mostly ___ cells.

Back 3

media, smooth

Front 4

In the tunica media, interspersed with the smooth muscle cells are _____, some _____, and collagen type ___.

Back 4

proteoglycans, elastic fibers, III

Front 5

The tunica adventia is composed mainy of _____, type ___ collagen, and longitudinally oriented ____.

Back 5

fibroblasts, I, elastic fibers

Front 6

The tunica ____ of large arteries becomes continuous with the connective tissue elements surrounding the vessel.

Back 6

adventia

Front 7

The tunica adventia of large arteries and veins contain a system of vessels called the _____.

Back 7

vasa vasorum

Front 8

Vasa vasorum are ___, ___ and ____ in the ____ and outer part of the media.

Back 8

arterioles, capillaries, venules, adventia

Front 9

The biggest arteries close to the heart are ___ arteries, followed by ____ arteries and then the _____.

Back 9

elastic, muscular/distributing, arterioles

Front 10

The tunica ____ of an elastic artery is formed by layers of smooth muscle intercalated by ___ laminas.

Back 10

media, elastic

Front 11

In elastic arteries, ___ limit stretch.

Back 11

collagen fibers

Front 12

____ cells syntesize collagen and elastin in elastic and muscular arteries.

Back 12

smooth muscle cells

Front 13

In elastic arteries the tunica ___ is less thick than the tunica ____.

Back 13

adventia, media

Front 14

In all blood vessels that contain media, smooth muscles can repair tunica ____ in response to growth factors secreted by ____ cells.

Back 14

intima, endothelial

Front 15

Larger muscular arteries have an external ___ lamina which seperates tunica ___ from tunica ____.

Back 15

elastic, adventia, media

Front 16

The internal elastic lamina seperates the ___ from the ___ and is only found in ____.

Back 16

tunica intima, tunica media, arteries

Front 17

In both arterioles and small arteries, the tunica ____ is very thin.

Back 17

adventia

Front 18

Arterioles branch into small vessels called ____ with a discontinuous layer of muscle cells.

Back 18

metarterioles

Front 19

In very small arterioles, the internal and external lamina are ____.

Back 19

absent

Front 20

Veins have much smaller tunica ___ than arteries of the same size.

Back 20

media

Front 21

Veins can have lots of smooth muscle in ____, to help move blood.

Back 21

adventia

Front 22

Typically, veins have ____ walls that arteries, and a ____ lumen relative to its tunicas.

Back 22

thinner, larger

Front 23

Leucocytes cross the walls of ___ and ___.

Back 23

veins, capillaries

Front 24

Endothelial cells express ____ after ____ is released from the tissue. This binds to the ____ on WBC, and they slide through ____ junctions through ____ action.

Back 24

selectins, cytokines, carbohydrates, tight, integrin

Front 25

Numerous pinocytotic vesicles are seen in ___ capillaries, and are responsible for carrying larger substances.

Back 25

continuous (somatic)

Front 26

____ capillaries are characterized by their absence of fenestrae.

Back 26

continuous

Front 27

_____ are present in some continuous capilaries and post capilary venules, and serve a contractile fxn since they do not have tunica ____.

Back 27

pericytes, media

Front 28

____ capilaries have a layer of endothelial cells attached by ____ junction and a continuous ____.

Back 28

continuous, tight, basal lamina

Front 29

____ capilaries have pores that may be bridged by ultrathin diaphrams.

Back 29

fenestrated

Front 30

_____ capilaries are found in tissues where rapid interchange occur, such as the kidneys, intestine, and endocrine glands.

Back 30

fenestrated

Front 31

In ___ capillaries, endothelial cells form a discontinuous layer and are seperated from one another by wide spaces.

Back 31

sinusoidal

Front 32

____ capillaries have an enlarged diameter, and are found in the liver and hematopoeitic organs.

Back 32

sinusoidal

Front 33

Direct communication between arterioles and venules.

Back 33

arteriovenous anastomosis

Front 34

As present in the kidney glomerulus, arteriole to capillary to arteriole.

Back 34

arteriole portal system

Front 35

As present in the liver, venule to capillary to venule.

Back 35

venous portal system

Front 36

The _____ is a layer of the heart continuous with the tunica ____ of the blood vessels entering and leaving the heart.

Back 36

endocardium, intima

Front 37

An endocardium layer, the ____ is composed of simple squamous endothelium and an underlaying fibroelastic connective tissue.

Back 37

endothelium

Front 38

The subendothelium layer of the endocardium is ____ connective tissue, containing small blood vessels, nerves and ____ fibers.

Back 38

subendothelium, purkinje

Front 39

The middle and thickest layer of the heart with specialized conducting cardiac muscle cells.

Back 39

myocardium

Front 40

Epicardium is the ____ layer of the heart also called the visceral layer of the _____.

Back 40

outermost, pericardium

Front 41

The _____ layer of loose connective tissue contains the coronary vessels, nerves, ganglia and fat.

Back 41

subepicardium

Front 42

___ transmit electrical conductance to ventricles.

Back 42

purkinje fibers

Front 43

___ is a chronic disease characterized by abnormal thickening and hardening of the arterial walls.

Back 43

arteriosclerosis

Front 44

Atherosclerosis involves changes to the ___ layer of arteries.

Back 44

intima

Front 45

____ is the progressive build up of plaque on arterial walls.

Back 45

athersclerosis

Front 46

A characteristic of athersclerosis, which is lipid deposits producing a yellow swelling on the endothelial surface.

Back 46

atheroma

Front 47

Plaques develope when ____ accumulate at the site of arterial damage and ____ act to form a fibrous cap over it.

Back 47

LDL, platelets

Front 48

____ are triggered by endothelial cell damage into the intima of vessels.

Back 48

monocytes

Front 49

Macrophage take up excess lipid forming ____ cells, that release GFs and cytokines that act on _____.

Back 49

foam, smooth muscle cells

Front 50

Due to the secretions of foam cells, smooth muscles migrate to the ___ and secrete fibrous tissue, forming the ____, in order to isolate the foam cells from the circulation.

Back 50

intima, smooth muscle cap

Front 51

Lymph dumps back into veins at the ____ and ___ ducts.

Back 51

thoracic, right lymphatic

Front 52

The ____ system acts to reabsorb fluid from the interstitial space in order to prevent ___ formation.

Back 52

lymphatic, edema

Front 53

____ fibrils hold open lymphatic capilaries and anchor them to surrounding CT.

Back 53

anchoring fibrils