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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a Crystal
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solid that has a variety of special shapes
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What is an Extrusive Igneous Rock
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Igneous rocks that form on the surface of the earth
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what is Geology
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The study of rocks, their history and the process that form and change them
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What is Igneous rock
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rocks formed from cooling magma
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what is interlocking crystals
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crystals that lock together and grow into eachother into rock
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What is Intrusive Igneous Rock
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Rocks that form below the surface of the earth
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What is Lava
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moltens rock reaching the earths surface
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What is Magma
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molten rock that doesnt reach the earths surface
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What is Mantle
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Layer of the earth below the crust
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What are Minerals
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chemical substances found in rocks
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what is Acid Rain
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rain water that includes acid from pollution in the air
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Agents of Erosion
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factors that cause erosion, water, wind and ice
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what is chemical weathering
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water or chemicals in the water and air reacting and breaking down rock
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What is consistency
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the tendency of soil particles to stick together
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What is Erosion
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removal of weathered rock particles away from the site of weathering
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What is Permeability
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a measure of how fast water enters the soil
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What is Physical Weathering
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breakdown of rocks by physical processes
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What is Pore Spaces
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the amount of space in soil where water or air could be filled
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What is Sedimentation
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the process of water or wind depositing eroded rock particles
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what is structure
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how well the soil particles join up to form lumps
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what is texture
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the size of the particles that make up the soil
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what is water - holding capacity
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measure of how much water a particular amount of soil can hold
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what is weathering
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the physical and chemical processes that break rocks down into smaller pieces
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what is chemical sedimentary rocks
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sedimentary rocks that form when dissolved materials precipitate from solution
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what is clastic sedimentary rocks
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sedimentary rocks made from weathered sediments of other rocks
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what are fossils
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preserved remains of living organisms
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what are natural cements
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chemicals that can flow around sediments in water and then set like cement
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what are Organic Sedimentary Rocks
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rocks that form by accumulation of plant or animal debris, which is then cemented together
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what are sedimentary rocks
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rocks formed by sediments being cemented together
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what is contact metamorphism
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metamorphism by contact with hot magma as it pushes through the mantle and crust
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what is foliation
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process when materials under pressure become squashed flat and the rock develops layers or bands
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what are metamorphic rocks
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rocks developed under high heat and pressure switch from existing rocks
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what is regional metamorphism
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metamorphism over a large area under the crust caused by huge movements of the earths crust
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what is the rock cycle
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how geologists explain the endless cycle of change rocks undergo as they change from one to another
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what are techtonic plates
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massive plates that make up earths crust
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