Science Evolution

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relative dating

Back 1

estimates times the organism lived by coparing placement of fossil in layers of earth.

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radiometric dating

Back 2

estimates the absolute age of fossils and determine the age of the earth.

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evloution

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when organism changes and develops over time into different species

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punctated equilibrium

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natural disasters shaped the earths history

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gradulism

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slow and gradual changes shape the earth

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carl linneauis

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scientist that created the classification system

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jean baptist lamarck

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scientist that claimed organisms get traits as needed and pass down these aquired characteristics -wrong

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georges cuvier

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scientist that belived earths history was shaped by slow and gradual changes

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charles darwin

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scientist that was most famous for his work who noticed variations in physical traits- natural selcetions

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intraspecific varations

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varations between organisms of the same species

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interspecies variations

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variations between organisms of different species

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adaptations

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feature/characteristics that allows an organism to better survie in enviroment

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structral adaptations

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physical adaptations to the anatomy of an organism

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physical adaptations

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adaptaions involving the internal functions or chemistry of an organism

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behavior adaptions

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adaptations of traits to help organsims survive and reproduce in a given enviroment

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record of the activity of an organism

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trace

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when the entire organism becomes encased in a material such as ice or volcanic ash

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preserved remains

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flowing water removes of all original bone or tissue, leaving just an impression in sediment. minerals fill in the mold recreating the original shape of the organism

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natural cast

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organism becomes trapped in tree resin (sap) and hardens

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amber-preserved`

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molecules of the organism are replace with molecules of mineral

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petrified

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comparative morphology

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looking at organisms and can see the similarity

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fossils

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evidence shows species changing over time

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biogeography

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study of the distribution of organism around the world

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embryology

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looks at the similar features of embryos in very different organisms

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anatomy

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comparing the body parts of different species

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homologous structure

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looks the same but has a diff. function

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analogous structure

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perform similar function but dont have a common ancestor bc they have different internal structures

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vestigial structures

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remnants of organs that had a function in an earlier ancestor

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stabilizing selection

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individuals near the center of the curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end of the curve

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directional selection

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individuals at one end of a curve have higher fitness than individuals in the middle or at the other end of the curve

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disruptive

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individuals at upper and lower ends of the curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle

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macroevolution

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many speciation events occur over long periods of time

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speciation

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2 or more species come from 1 existing species

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mircoevolution

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observable change in the allele frequencies of a population over time

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genetic equilibrium

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when population are reshuffled but allele frequencies remain about the same