Roskin Chapter 13 On Mexico

Front 1

civilization

Back 1

city-based culture with writing, social classes, and complex economic and political organization

Front 2

Mesoamerica

Back 2

(Spanish for Middle America) Southern Mexico and northern Central America

Front 3

Neolithic

Back 3

New Stone Age, beginning of agriculture, about 10,000 years ago

Front 4

Bronze Age

Back 4

beginning of metal-working and cities, about 3,500 years ago

Front 5

cacique

Back 5

(originally Indian chief) local political boss

Front 6

Central America

Back 6

countries between Mexico and Cuba

Front 7

South America

Back 7

continent south of Panama

Front 8

Latin America

Back 8

all countries south of the United States

Front 9

pre-Colombian

Back 9

the Americas before Columbus arrived

Front 10

creole

Back 10

Spaniard born in the New World

Front 11

caudillo

Back 11

military chief or strongman, specifically one who takes over the gov't

Front 12

Positivism

Back 12

philosophy, originally French, of applying scientific methods to analyze and improve society

Front 13

ejido

Back 13

land owned in common by villages

Front 14

priismo

Back 14

ideology and methods of PRI

Front 15

sexenio

Back 15

six-year term of Mexico's presidents

Front 16

austerity

Back 16

drastically holding down gov't expenses

Front 17

statism

Back 17

originally French idea that a strong gov't should run things, especially major industries

Front 18

corporatism

Back 18

direct participation of interest groups in politics

Front 19

clientelism

Back 19

gov't favors to groups for their support

Front 20

consitutionalism

Back 20

degree to which gov't limits its powers

Front 21

political power

Back 21

ability of one person to get another to do something

Front 22

political institution

Back 22

established and durable relationships of power and authority

Front 23

institutionalize

Back 23

to make a political relationship permanent

Front 24

dedazo

Back 24

tapped for high office

Front 25

bilateral opposition

Back 25

centrist parties or gov'ts undermined from both sides

Front 26

mercantilism

Back 26

originally French theory that a nation's wealth is the gold and silver in its treasury

Front 27

egalitarian

Back 27

dedicated to equality

Front 28

hacienda

Back 28

large country estate w/ Spanish owner and Indian serfs

Front 29

mestizaje

Back 29

intermingling of Spanish and Indian

Front 30

personalismo

Back 30

politics by strong, showoff personalities

Front 31

machismo

Back 31

strutting, exaggerated masculinity

Front 32

norteamericanos

Back 32

"North Americans", US citizens

Front 33

quixotic

Back 33

romantic, unrealistic efforts to achieve mistaken goals

Front 34

co-opt

Back 34

to enroll other groups in your cause, rendering them harmless

Front 35

dependency theory

Back 35

radical theory that rich countries exploit Third World lands and keep them poor

Front 36

neoliberalism

Back 36

rediscovery of classic free-market economies

Front 37

gringo

Back 37

foreigner, specifically norteamericano, pejorative

Front 38

globalization

Back 38

the world becoming one big, capitalist market

Front 39

NAFTA

Back 39

1994 North American Free Trade Agreement among the US, Canada, and Mexico

Front 40

narcotraficante

Back 40

drug trafficker

Front 41

remittance

Back 41

money sent home