Renal Pathology ( Chronic )

Front 1

Ultrasound appearance for chronic pyelonephritis

Back 1

Small and echogenic , lobulated borders

Front 2

Ultrasound appearance for lupus nephritis and hypertensive neuropathy (these two are different pathologies)

Back 2

Small and echogenic

Front 3

Sickle cell neuropathy ultrasound appearance for acute and chronic cases

Back 3

Acute -hypoechoic enlarged kidneys and renal vein thrombosis

Chronic - small and echogenic

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Most common cause of chronic renal failure (CRF)

Back 4

Diabetes mellitus

Front 5

Clinical findings for CRF is

Back 5

Diabetes , azotemia(too much nitrogen ) , elevated BUN , elevated creatinine , hypertension and hyperkalemia

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Treatment for CRF

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Dialysis or renal transplant ( irreversible )

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Primary renal cancer that is common in adult males

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Renal cell carcinoma, hypernephroma, adenocarcinoma, von growtitz tumor of the kidney

Front 8

What does the patient present with when regarding renal cell carcinoma

Back 8

Flank pain, palpable mass, gross hematuria , Unexplained weight loss and anorexia

Front 9

Sign and symptoms for renal cell carcinoma(Von growtitz tumor)

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Smoking, hypertension, obesity

Front 10

Renal cell carcinoma is commonly seen in

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Tuberous sclerosis, Long term dialysis, Von hipple lindau disease (ADPKD) and males !

Front 11

Ultrasound appearance of renal cell carcinoma

Back 11

Hypoechoic or isoechoic to normal real tissue

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Common clinical presentation of transitional cell carcinoma

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Hematuria

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Ultrasound appearance of transitional cell carcinoma kidneys and bladder

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Large masses most often appear as happily Koblick to isoechoic messages within the renal pelvis and hyperechoic in the bladder

Front 14

Metastasis to the kidneys are most often from what organs(5)

Back 14

Lungs breast prostate pancreas and melanoma

Front 15

Renal lymphoma is what(metastasis)

Back 15

Bilateral invasion with multiple nodules

Front 16

Sonographic appearance of metastasis to the kidneys

Back 16

enlarged hypoechoic kidneys, multiple hypo areas in the kidney

Front 17

Common childhood tumor before the age of five and the mean age of three

Back 17

Wilms tumor/nephroblastoma

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Wilms tumor/nephroblastoma invades where and what is it associated with

Back 18

invades the renal vein and inferior Venna cava and associated with beckwith-weidman syndrome

Front 19

Ultrasound appearance of Wilms tumor/nephroblastoma

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Large solid mostly echogenic mass that contains anechoic hypoechoic regions

Front 20

How does Wilms tumor/nephroblastoma displace the kidney

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Inferiorly

Front 21

Blunt trauma to the kidney region, surgical intervention and lithotripsy is what

Back 21

Trauma and renal hematoma

Front 22

What else should you visualize with renal cell carcinoma

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The renal vein and IVC should be closely visualize(may have invasion)

Front 23

Lab Value for Trauma and renal hematoma

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Decrease hematocrit value

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H

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Bh

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Unilateral or bilateral for Renal cell carcinoma

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Uni lateral

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RC grading stages are how many

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4

Front 27

Grade one for RC grading

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Confined to kidney

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RC grading stage two

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Spreads to the perinephric fat but within Gerotas foscia

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Grade 34 RC grading

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Spread to the renal vein, IVC, regional lymph nodes

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Grade 4 for RC staging

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Invasion of neighboring structures, distant metastasis

Front 31

Malignant tumor that is most often found in the area renal pelvis the ureter and urinary bladder

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Transitional cell carcinoma(TCC)

Front 32

Is it transitional cell carcinoma have a primary location

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No