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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Upanishads
fourth section of vedas; monistic
maya
illusion
avidya
ignorance
atman
individual soul
karma
to do or to act
samsara
to wander across; reincarnation
moksha
to break free from life cycles
Law of Manu
literature on ethical and social standards of classical era
Dharma
special duties
Sannyasi
wandering beggars
Ahisma
total non-violence (Jainism concept)
Bhagavad Gita
Story of Arjuna and Lord Krishna's conversation just before a battle between two families
Mahavira
One of the many founders of Jainism
Bhakti
devotion to the gods
Agamas
the scriptures of Jainism; some believe that the Agamas contain the actual sermons given by Mahavira to his disciples. Also known as precepts
Svetambara
Literally, "the white clad"; the more liberal sect of liberalism
Digambara
Literally, "the sky clad"; the more conservative sect of Jainism, which holds nudity as an ideal for its monks
Brahma is tied to what goddess(es)?
Devi and Sarasvati
Shiva is tied to what goddess(es)?
Kali, Durga, and Paravati
Vishnu is tied to what goddess(es)?
Lakshmi
5 Vows of a Jainist Monk
Non-injury of life (ahisma)
Always speak the truth
Refrain from taking anything not given to them
Renounce sexual pleasures
Renounce all attachments
4 Stages of Life
Student, Householder, Hermit, Wandering beggar (sannyasi)
What is the significance of the Bhagavad Gita for Hindus?
It gives instruction on dharma, conveying that one must obey their duties in order to avoid karma, the endless cycle of life, death, and rebirth.
It also teaches that people can achieve moksha in a variety of ways, including through meditation, asceticism, devotion to gods, and obedience to caste rules.
Finally, it teaches that Vishnu is a god who loves and is concerned about humans.
Explain the Vedanta System.
This is one of the 6 paths of knowledge. Hindus primarily focus on this today.
The Vedanta System is based on the Upanishadic writings. It is monistic and assumes only one true essence in the universe, Brahman. The world is maya, or an illusion. Only Brahman is real.
Describe the dualist philosophical worldview of Jainism.
The world is comprised of soul (jiva) and matter (ajiva). Soul is life; it is eternal and valuable, while mater is lifeless, material, and evil. Every person's soul is encased in matter, and matter clings to the soul b/c of past actions (karma). As long as the soul is enmeshed in matter, it can never be free and is bound to remain in karma. The goal is to liberate the soul from matter by tormenting the body through asceticism. This will help achieve release, which can only be done by the individual, alleviating the need for gods in Jainism.