Quiz 10

Front 1

Deep Posterior Crural Compartment is separated from the superficial posterior crural compartment by the ________________

Back 1

deep transverse fascial septum of the leg

Front 2

Proximal attachment of the deep transverse fascial septum of the leg

Back 2

popliteal line of tibia

Front 3

distal attachment of the deep transverse fascial septum of the leg

Back 3

distal posterior tibiofibular ligament

Front 4

medial attachment of the deep transverse fascial septum of the leg

Back 4

medial tibial border and fascia cruris

Front 5

lateral attachment of the deep transverse fascial septum of the leg

Back 5

crista medialis and posterior crural intermuscular septum

Front 6

a short flat muscle located at the posterior aspect of the knee

Back 6

Popliteus Muscle

Front 7

an intracapsular structure, which becomes extracapsular before its insertion

Back 7

Popliteus Muscle

Front 8

The popliteus muscle is covered by fascia from __________ muscle

Back 8

semimembranosus

Front 9

Origin of the Popliteus muscle

Back 9

(popliteal groove of the) lateral aspect of the lateral condyle of the femur
and the posterior edge of the lateral meniscus

Front 10

insertion of the popliteus muscle

Back 10

superior to the popliteal line on the posterior surface of the tibial shaft

Front 11

action of the popliteus muscle

Back 11

medially rotates the leg (on the thigh) and flexes the leg
[these occur simultaneously when the knee is extended and is called unlocking the knee]

Front 12

innervation of the popliteus muscle

Back 12

tibial nerve

Front 13

arterial supply to the popliteus muscle

Back 13

posterior tibial artery
and medial inferior genicular artery

Front 14

the most medial and superficial of the 3 long muscles of the deep posterior crural compartment

Back 14

Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle

Front 15

can often palpate the tendon posterior to the medial malleolus during muscular contraction

Back 15

Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle

Front 16

origin of the flexor digitorum longus muscle

Back 16

posterior surface of the tibia, inferior to the popliteal line and medial to the vertical line

Front 17

insertion of the flexor digitorum longus muscle

Back 17

plantar aspect of the bases of the distal phalanges of the lesser digits (2 through 5)

Front 18

its tendon passes inferiorly along the tibial groove for tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus muscles, the medial (flattened) edge of the sustentaculum tali

Back 18

flexor digitorum longus muscle

Front 19

Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle tendon lies ______ the flexor retinaculum

Back 19

within

Front 20

its tendon passes into the plantar foot under the talus, the tendon splits into four slips near the level of the cuneiform bones

Back 20

Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle tendon

Front 21

The tendon with one slip that passes plantarly along each of the four lesser metatarsals, along the groove for the flexor tendons on the head of each of the lesser metatarsal bones and along the plantar surface of the proximal and middle phalanges of each lesser digit

Back 21

Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle tendon

Front 22

action of the Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle

Back 22

plantar flexes the lesser digits
[begins at the distal interphalangeal joints, then the proximal interphalangeal joints and then the metatarsophalangeal joints]

Front 23

innervation of the Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle

Back 23

tibial nerve

Front 24

arterial supply of the Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle

Back 24

posterior tibial artery

Front 25

the most lateral of the long muscles of the deep posterior crural compartment

Back 25

Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle

Front 26

origin of the Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle

Back 26

inferior 2/3 of the posterior fibular surface

Front 27

insertion of the Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle

Back 27

plantar aspect of the base of the distal phalanx of the hallux

Front 28

its tendon passes along the groove for flexor hallucis longus tendon at the posteroinferior aspect of the tibia

Back 28

Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle tendon

Front 29

its tendon passes along the groove for flexor hallucis longus tendon on the posterior process of the talus

Back 29

Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle tendon

Front 30

Its tendon passes along the inferior surface of the sustentaculum tali where it lies within the flexor retinaculum

Back 30

Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle tendon

Front 31

Its tendon passes along the plantar aspect of the first ray, between the tibial and fibular sesamoids of the first metatarsal bone

Back 31

Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle tendon

Front 32

Its tendon passes along the plantar aspect of the proximal phalanx of the hallux

Back 32

Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle tendon

Front 33

Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle tendon lies _________ the flexor retinaculum

Back 33

within

Front 34

action of the Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle

Back 34

plantar flexes the hallux
[begins at the interphalangeal joint and with continued contraction, also plantar flexes the hallux at the metatarsophalangeal joint]
aids in inversion of the foot
aids in plantar flexion of the ankle joint

Front 35

innervation of the Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle

Back 35

tibial nerve

Front 36

arterial supply of the Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle

Back 36

posterior tibial and fibular arteries

Front 37

a shared tendinous slip between the tendons of flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus muscles

Back 37

Knot of Henry

Front 38

Structure at the area where the flexor hallucis longus tendon passes dorsal/deep to the flexor digitorum longus tendon (usually at the level of the navicular and cuneiform bones, plantarly)

Back 38

Knot of Henry

Front 39

the deepest of the long muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg

Back 39

Tibialis Posterior Muscle

Front 40

can palpate tendon at posteromedial edge of medial malleolus; sometimes is visible during contraction between medial malleolus and navicular tuberosity

Back 40

Tibialis Posterior Muscle

Front 41

Origin of the Tibialis Posterior Muscle

Back 41

interosseous membrane, the posterior tibial shaft inferior to the soleal line and lateral to the vertical line, and the medial part of the posterior surface of the fibular shaft (anterior to the crista medialis)

Front 42

insertion of the Tibialis Posterior Muscle

Back 42

navicular tuberosity, the plantar aspect of the intermediate cuneiform, and the plantar aspect of the bases of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals
may also insert plantarly on the medial cuneiform, cuboid, lateral cuneiform, 1st metatarsal base, 5th metatarsal base and sustentaculum tali

Front 43

action of the Tibialis Posterior Muscle

Back 43

inverts and adducts the foot (inverting the foot supinates the subtalar and midtarsal joints)
aids in plantar flexing the ankle joint

Front 44

innervation of the Tibialis Posterior Muscle

Back 44

tibial nerve

Front 45

arterial supply of the Tibialis Posterior Muscle

Back 45

posterior tibial and fibular arteries

Front 46

its tendon passes inferiorly and slightly medial to emerge from deep to the tendon of flexor digitorum longus muscle

Back 46

Tibialis Posterior Muscle

Front 47

Its tendon along the tibial groove for tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus muscles and inferiorly along the medial malleolus and within the flexor retinaculum to the plantar foot

Back 47

Tibialis Posterior Muscle

Front 48

surrounds the flexor digitorum longus tendon as it courses posterior to the ankle joint and into the plantar foot

Back 48

Proximal Flexor Digitorum Longus Synovial Sheath

Front 49

begins posterior to the medial malleolus and ends proximal to the knot
of Henry

Back 49

Proximal Flexor Digitorum Longus Synovial Sheath

Front 50

Structures that pass within the laciniate ligament

Back 50

Proximal Flexor Digitorum Longus Synovial Sheath
Tibialis Posterior Synoviall Sheath

Front 51

The sheath that surrounds each of the four tendons as they pass along the plantar aspects of the lesser digits from the metatarsophalangeal joints to the middle phalanges

Back 51

Distal Flexor Digitorum Longus Synovial Sheath

Front 52

synoival sheath that surrounds the flexor hallucis longus tendon as it courses posterior to the medial malleolus and inferior to the sustentaculum tali

Back 52

Proximal Flexor Hallucis Longus Synovial Sheath

Front 53

synoival sheath that begins at the distal end of the tibia and ends at the knot of Henry

Back 53

Proximal Flexor Hallucis Longus Synovial Sheath

Front 54

synoival sheath that begins and ends most distally

Back 54

Proximal Flexor Hallucis Longus Synovial Sheath

Front 55

the synoival sheath passes within the flexor retinaculum

Back 55

Proximal Flexor Hallucis Longus Synovial Sheath

Front 56

the synoival sheath that surrounds the flexor hallucis longus tendon as it passes along the plantar aspect of the hallux from the metatarsal head to the central proximal phalanx

Back 56

Distal Flexor Hallucis Longus Synovial Sheath

Front 57

the synovial sheath that surrounds the tibialis posterior tendon as it courses posterior to the ankle
joint

Back 57

Tibialis Posterior Synovial Sheath

Front 58

the synovial sheath that begins at the proximal posterior medial malleolus and ends after passing
through the porta pedis

Back 58

Tibialis Posterior Synovial Sheath

Front 59

the synovial sheath that begins and ends most proximally

Back 59

Tibialis Posterior Synovial Sheath

Front 60

the synovial sheath that passes within the laciniate ligament

Back 60

Tibialis Posterior Synovial Sheath

Front 61

branch of the popliteal artery which enters the anterior crural compartment through the proximal opening in the interosseous membrane at the level of the neck of the fibula

Back 61

Anterior Tibial Artery

Front 62

passes inferiorly along the interosseous membrane between the tibialis anterior muscle and the extensor digitorum longus muscle

Back 62

Anterior Tibial Artery

Front 63

at the inferior leg and anterior ankle, it passes intermediate to the tendons of tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus muscles

Back 63

Anterior Tibial Artery

Front 64

at the inferior ankle, the tendon of extensor hallucis longus passes over this artery

Back 64

Anterior Tibial Artery

Front 65

the tendon of extensor hallucis longus passes over the Anterior Tibial Artery and the artery is renamed

Back 65

the dorsalis pedis artery

Front 66

at the inferior ankle, this tendon of passes over the
Anterior tibial artery and the artery is renamed the dorsalis pedis artery

Back 66

extensor hallucis longus

Front 67

When the anterior tibial artery is absent, the anterior compartment muscles are usually supplied by _____________

Back 67

perforating branches of the posterior tibial artery

Front 68

T or F:
the dorsalis pedis artery can be a continuation
of the perforating peroneal artery if the anterior tibial artery is absent

Back 68

true

Front 69

the anterior tibial artery enters the anterior crural compartment through the ____________________

Back 69

proximal opening in the interosseous membrane

Front 70

the tendon of extensor hallucis longus passes over the anterior tibial artery and the artery is renamed the ____________

Back 70

dorsalis pedis artery

Front 71

a branch from the common fibular nerve arising within the lateral compartment of the leg

Back 71

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Front 72

this structure enters the anterior crural compartment by piercing the anterior crural fascial septum

Back 72

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Front 73

structure that passes through the extensor digitorum longus muscle at the muscle's origin (splits the origin)

Back 73

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Front 74

lies lateral to the anterior tibial artery throughout its course in most of the leg including at the ankle region

Back 74

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Front 75

nerve that retains its name in the foot

Back 75

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Front 76

this structure travels with the anterior tibial a. on the anterior surface of the interosseous membrane

Back 76

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Front 77

the Deep Peroneal Nerve enters the anterior crural compartment by piercing the _________________

Back 77

anterior crural fascial septum

Front 78

branches pierce the posterior crural intermuscular posterior crural fascial septum to supply the fibularis muscles

Back 78

Peroneal Artery

Front 79

the artery DOES NOT lie within the lateral compartment of the leg; the artery is within the posterior compartment

Back 79

Peroneal Artery

Front 80

Peroneal Artery branches pierce the ________________ to supply the fibularis muscles

Back 80

posterior crural fascial septum

Front 81

branches supply the proximal part of the fibularis longus / peroneus longus muscle (which sometimes takes partial origin on the lateral tibial condyle)

Back 81

Anterior Tibial Artery

Front 82

Anterior tibial artery lies within both these compartments

Back 82

lateral and anterior

Front 83

a branch of the common fibular / common peroneal n. after the common fibular n. passes around the head of the fibula

Back 83

Superficial Peroneal Nerve

Front 84

Superficial Peroneal Nerve passes around the head of the fibula and pierces the _________________

Back 84

posterior crural intermuscular septum

Front 85

this nerve remains within the lateral crural compartment and passes inferiorly between the fibularis longus and brevis muscle bellies

Back 85

Superficial Peroneal Nerve

Front 86

at the inferior 1/3 of the leg, it pierces the fascia cruris, anterolaterally, to provide its cutaneous innervation

Back 86

Superficial Peroneal Nerve

Front 87

usually appears to be the continuation of the popliteal artery

Back 87

Posterior Tibial Artery

Front 88

structure that it arises within the posterior crural compartment and passes distally along the
superficial/posterior surface of the tibialis posterior muscle

Back 88

Posterior Tibial Artery

Front 89

structure intermediate to the flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus muscle bellies

Back 89

Posterior Tibial Artery

Front 90

structure that passes posterior to the medial malleolus where it divides to form the medial and lateral plantar arteries

Back 90

Posterior Tibial Artery

Front 91

its pulse is palpated posterior to the medial malleolus

Back 91

Posterior Tibial Artery

Front 92

branch of the posterior tibial artery that usually arises deep to the soleus muscle (at its proximal end)

Back 92

Nutrient Artery to the Tibia

Front 93

a branch of the posterior tibial artery arising near the inferior edge of the popliteus muscle

Back 93

Peroneal Artery

Front 94

Structure that passes inferiorly deep to the soleus muscle

Back 94

Peroneal Artery

Front 95

Structure that continues intermediate to the flexor hallucis longus and tibialis posterior muscles

Back 95

Peroneal Artery

Front 96

At the ankle it lies posterior to the lateral malleolus (near the peroneal tendons) where it divides to form the lateral calcaneal arteries

Back 96

Peroneal Artery

Front 97

Peroneal Artery lies posterior to the lateral malleolus (near the peroneal tendons) where it divides to form the __________

Back 97

lateral calcaneal arteries

Front 98

a branch of the Peroneal Artery usually arising near midshaft and entering the fibula in the proximal 1⁄2 of the posterior surface

Back 98

Nutrient Artery to the Fibula

Front 99

a branch of the peroneal artery that passes into the anterior ankle region through the inferior opening in the
interosseous membrane

Back 99

Perforating Peroneal Artery

Front 100

branches of the Peroneal artery

Back 100

Nutrient Artery to the Fibula
Perforating Peroneal Artery
Peroneal Communicating Artery

Front 101

Perforating Peroneal Artery passes into the anterior ankle region through the ________________

Back 101

inferior opening in the interosseous membrane

Front 102

a transverse branch of the Peroneal artery which anastomoses with the posterior tibial artery (in the inferior 1/3 of the leg, posteriorly)

Back 102

Peroneal Communicating Artery

Front 103

passes through the popliteal fossa, enters the leg by passing through the tendinous arch of the soleus muscle

Back 103

Tibial Nerve

Front 104

follows the course of the posterior tibial artery

Back 104

Tibial Nerve

Front 105

it divides to form the medial and lateral plantar nerves near the level of the ankle joint prior to entering the foot

Back 105

Tibial Nerve

Front 106

at the ankle region, it gives rise to the medial calcaneal nerve which pierces the laciniate ligament

Back 106

Tibial Nerve

Front 107

Tibial Nerve passes through the popliteal fossa, enters the leg by passing through the ________________

Back 107

tendinous arch of the soleus muscle

Front 108

the medial bone; roughly triangular on cross section

Back 108

tibia

Front 109

the lateral bone on cross section

Back 109

Fibula

Front 110

Cross section: the structure at the medial side, near the medial border of the tibia

Back 110

great saphenous vein

Front 111

Cross section: the structure (main branch) at the medial side, near the great saphenous vein; small branches along the medial 1⁄2 of the leg

Back 111

Saphenous Nerve

Front 112

Cross section: the structure at the posterior aspect, usually just lateral to the midline

Back 112

Small Saphenous Vein

Front 113

Cross section: the structure at the posterior aspect, near the small saphenous vein

Back 113

Sural Nerve

Front 114

Cross section: the structure at the lateral aspect, often only small branches at this level as this nerve exits the deep fascia more proximally (near the popliteal fossa)

Back 114

Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Calf

Front 115

Cross section: the structure at the posterior lateral aspect
- it passes in an inferomedial direction toward the sural nerve

Back 115

Sural Communicating Nerve

Front 116

Deep Fascia/Fascia Cruris is thicker _______ because some muscles take partial origin from the fascia

Back 116

anteriorly

Front 117

an extension of the fascia cruris from its anterolateral aspect which passes to the anterior border of the fibular shaft (extends the length of the fibula)

Back 117

Anterior Fascial Septum of the Leg

Front 118

separates the anterior crural compartment from the lateral crural compartment

Back 118

Anterior Fascial Septum of the Leg

Front 119

an extension of the fascia cruris from its lateral aspect which passes to the posterior border of the fibular shaft (extends the length of the fibula)

Back 119

Posterior Fascial Septum of the Leg

Front 120

separates the lateral crural compartment from the posterior crural compartment

Back 120

Posterior Fascial Septum of the Leg

Front 121

an extension of the fascia cruris from posteromedial to posterolateral near the posterior crural intermuscular septum; deep to soleus muscle

Back 121

Deep Transverse Fascial Septum of the Leg

Front 122

attaches to the medial tibial border, the tibial soleal line, the crista medialis, the posterior border of the fibular shaft, and the distal posterior tibiofibular ligament

Back 122

Deep Transverse Fascial Septum of the Leg

Front 123

separates the superficial posterior crural compartment from the deep posterior crural compartment

Back 123

Deep Transverse Fascial Septum of the Leg

Front 124

usually covers the posterior surface of the tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery

Back 124

Deep Transverse Fascial Septum of the Leg

Front 125

a sheet of fibrous tissue connecting the tibia and fibula at their interosseous borders

Back 125

Interosseous Membrane

Front 126

Interosseous Membrane fibers pass from ________ to _________ which allows the fibula to glide slightly proximal with respect to the tibia

Back 126

superior medial
to
inferior lateral

Front 127

a superior opening pierces the Interosseous Membrane at the level of the neck of the fibula and allows passage of the __________

Back 127

anterior tibial artery

Front 128

an inferior opening pierces the Interosseous membrane near the tibiofibular syndesmosis and allows passage of the _____________

Back 128

perforating fibular artery

Front 129

medial border of the anterior compartment

Back 129

Tibial lateral surface

Front 130

anterior border of the anterior compartment

Back 130

Fascia Cruris

Front 131

lateral border of the anterior compartment

Back 131

Anterior Crural Intermuscular Septum

Front 132

posterior border of the anterior compartment

Back 132

Interosseous Membrane and Medial Fibular Surface

Front 133

Cross section: muscle distal to this level so it is not seen

Back 133

Fibularis Tertius Muscle

Front 134

Cross section: nerve located anterior to the interosseous membrane and intermediate to tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus muscles

Back 134

Anterior Tibial Artery and venae comitantes

Front 135

Cross section: nerve that usually lies just lateral to the vessels in the same fascial space

Back 135

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Front 136

Cross section: branch of the common fibular nerve that enters the anterior crural compartment by piercing the anterior crural fascial septum

Back 136

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Front 137

Deep Peroneal Nerve, branch of the common fibular nerve that enters the anterior crural compartment by piercing the _____________

Back 137

anterior crural fascial septum

Front 138

Anterior border of the lateral compartment

Back 138

Anterior Crural Fascial Septum

Front 139

lateral border of the lateral compartment

Back 139

Fascia Cruris

Front 140

posterior border of the lateral compartment

Back 140

Posterior Crural Intermuscular Septum

Front 141

medial border of the lateral compartment

Back 141

Lateral Fibular Surface

Front 142

there are no vessels within this compartment

Back 142

lateral compartment

Front 143

Arterial supply to the lateral crural compartment

Back 143

fibular artery

Front 144

nerve near the superficial junction of the fibularis longus and brevis muscles

Back 144

Superficial Peroneal Nerve

Front 145

nerve that is proximally more posterior and deep (near the fibula deep to the peroneus longus muscle) and distally, it pierces the fascia cruris to supply the skin

Back 145

Superficial Peroneal Nerve

Front 146

anterior border of the deep posterior compartment

Back 146

Interosseous Membrane and Medial Part of Posterior
Fibular Surface

Front 147

lateral border of the deep posterior compartment

Back 147

Posterior Fibular Surface and Posterior Crural Intermuscular Septum

Front 148

medial border of the deep posterior compartment

Back 148

Posterior Tibial Surface

Front 149

posterior border of the deep posterior compartment

Back 149

Deep Transverse Crural Intermuscular Septum

Front 150

Cross section: Muscles of the Lateral compartment

Back 150

Peroneus Longus Muscle
Peroneus Brevis Muscle
Peroneus Quartus Muscle

Front 151

Cross section: muscles of the deep posterior crural compartment

Back 151

Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle
Tibialis Posterior Muscle
Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle
Popliteus Muscle

Front 152

Anterior Border of the Superficial Posterior Compartment

Back 152

Deep Transverse Crural Intermuscular Septum

Front 153

Medial Border of the Superficial Posterior Compartment

Back 153

Fascia Cruris

Front 154

Lateral Border of the Superficial Posterior Compartment

Back 154

Fascia Cruris

Front 155

Posterior Border of the Superficial Posterior Compartment

Back 155

Fascia Cruris

Front 156

Muscles within the superficial posterior compartment

Back 156

Soleus Muscle
Gastrocnemius Aponeurosis
Plantaris Tendon

Front 157

The proximal tibiofibular joint is located between the _____________ and _________________

Back 157

head of the fibula
lateral condyle of the tibia

Front 158

Structural classification of the Proximal tibiofibular joint

Back 158

structural planar synovial joint

Front 159

Functional classification of the tibiofibular joint

Back 159

functional diarthrosis

Front 160

T or F:
Proximal Tibiofibular joint is reinforced by ligaments

Back 160

true

Front 161

the proximal anterior tibiofibular ligament reinforces the _______ aspect of the proximal tibiofibular joint

Back 161

anterior

Front 162

the _____________ ligament reinforces the anterior aspect of the proximal tibiofibular joint

Back 162

proximal anterior tibiofibular

Front 163

The ________________ reinforces the posterior aspect of the tibiofibular joint

Back 163

proximal posterior tibiofibular ligament

Front 164

The proximal posterior tibiofibular ligament reinforces the ____________ aspect of the tibiofibular joint

Back 164

posterior

Front 165

when the distal tibiofibular joint separates, the proximal tibiofibular joint undergoes two types of movement:

Back 165

rotational
gliding

Front 166

The proximal tibiofibular joint receives arterial supply from ______________

Back 166

inferior lateral genicular
anterior tibial recurrent arteries

Front 167

The proximal tibiofibular joint receives innervation from the ___________

Back 167

common peroneal nerve
the nerve to popliteus muscle

Front 168

The middle tibiofibular joint is formed by the ______________ as it attaches to the interosseous borders of both the tibia and fibula.

Back 168

interosseous membrane

Front 169

The fibers of the interosseous membrane pass from ___________ to ___________ which allows the fibula to slide slightly proximal on the tibia

Back 169

proximal medial
distal lateral

Front 170

The fibers of the interosseous membrane pass from proximal medial to distal lateral which allows the fibula to slide slightly________ on the tibia

Back 170

proximal

Front 171

This joint is located between the fibular notch of the tibia and the roughened triangular area on the medial aspect of the fibular distal extremity

Back 171

The distal tibiofibular joint / tibiofibular syndesmosis

Front 172

the structural classification of the distal tibiofibular joint

Back 172

structural syndesmotic fibrous joint

Front 173

the functional classification of the distal tibiofibular joint

Back 173

functional amphiarthrotic joint

Front 174

The motion of this joint usually accompanies inversion and eversion of the foot during closed kinetic chain motion, when the foot is fixed on the ground

Back 174

distal tibiofibular joint

Front 175

T or F:
the distal tibiofibular jointis reinforced by several ligaments

Back 175

true

Front 176

Arterial supply to the The distal tibiofibular joint

Back 176

the perforating peroneal artery
anterior lateral malleolar artery
posterior lateral malleolar artery

Front 177

innervation of the distal tibiofibular joint

Back 177

deep peroneal nerve
tibial nerve
saphenous nerve

Front 178

Ligament that extends from the anterior border of the fibular notch of the tibia to the anterior border of the fibula and the anterior edge of the triangular area on
the distal extremity of the fibula

Back 178

Distal Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 179

Action of the Distal Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Back 179

helps to prevent separation of the fibula from the tibia

Front 180

the inferior continuation of the interosseous membrane

Back 180

Interosseous Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 181

the ligament that extends from the central part of the fibular notch of the tibia to the central part of the rough triangular area on the fibular distal extremity

Back 181

Interosseous Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 182

strongest of the ligaments at the distal tibiofibular joint

Back 182

Interosseous Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 183

there is often is a small synovial extension of the ankle joint within this ligament

Back 183

Interosseous Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 184

action of the Interosseous Tibiofibular Ligament

Back 184

prevents the talus from wedging between the tibia and fibula by preventing separation of the fibula from the tibia

Front 185

ligaments of the distal tibiofibular joint

Back 185

Distal Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament
Interosseous Tibiofibular Ligament
Distal Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 186

ligament that extends from the posterior border of the fibular notch and the posterior process of the tibia to the posterior edge of the triangular area on the medial
aspect of the distal fibula

Back 186

Distal Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 187

very broad ligament which decreases the posterior movement of the talus within the ankle mortise and prevents separation of the fibula from the tibia

Back 187

Distal Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 188

action of the Distal Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Back 188

decreases the posterior movement of the talus within the ankle mortise and prevents separation of the fibula from the tibia

Front 189

the inferior part of the posterior tibiofibular ligament which blends with the fibrous capsule of the ankle joint

Back 189

. Transverse Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 190

this ligament has articular cartilage on its deep surface for articulation with the posterior aspect of the trochlea tali so it forms part of the ankle mortise (ankle joint)

Back 190

. Transverse Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 191

this ligament passes from the posterior process of the tibia to the superior (1⁄2 of the) lateral malleolar fossa of the fibula

Back 191

. Transverse Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 192

The ankle joint is the articulation between the ______ and the ________ and between the ________ and the ________

Back 192

talus and tibia
talus and fibula

Front 193

structural classification of the ankle joint

Back 193

synovial, ginglymus (hinge) joint

Front 194

functional classification of the ankle joint

Back 194

diarthrosis

Front 195

Action of the ankle join

Back 195

primarily dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
and small amount of adduction/abduction and inversion/eversion

Front 196

The tibial plafond and the trochlea tali are both wider ______

Back 196

anteriorly

Front 197

trochlea of the talus is narrower __________

Back 197

posteriorly

Front 198

T or F:
the ankle joint more mobile laterally when it is in a plantar flexed position

Back 198

true

Front 199

ankle joint axis is not perpendicular to the sagittal plane and as such the motion is sometimes described as _________, biomechanically

Back 199

triplanar

Front 200

arterial supply to the ankle joint

Back 200

anterior tibial artery
peroneal artery
perforating fibular artery
posterior tibial arteries

Front 201

innervation of the ankle joint

Back 201

tibial nerve
deep peroneal nerve
sural nerve
saphenous nerve

Front 202

the concavity formed by the tibia, the fibula and the transverse tibiofibular ligament

Back 202

Ankle Mortise

Front 203

The bone that fits into the concavity of the Ankle Mortise

Back 203

Talus

Front 204

the capsule of the ankle joint attaches at the articular margins of all surfaces of the ankle joint except the ___________

Back 204

anterior trochlea tali

Front 205

the capsule of the ankle joint extends from the anterior trochlea tali to the neck of the talus to allow ankle _______ flexion (or it could be easily damaged)

Back 205

plantar

Front 206

T or F:
the ankle capsule is not reinforced by ligaments

Back 206

false.
it is

Front 207

lines all areas of the ankle capsule

Back 207

Synovial Membrane

Front 208

at the junction of the tibia and fibula inferiorly (in the syndesmosis), it extends slightly proximal to form a small recess in the interosseous tibiofibular ligament

Back 208

Synovial Membrane

Front 209

occasionally the recess created by the synovial membrane is large enough to create a ________ joint between the distal tibia and fibula

Back 209

synovial

Front 210

necessary for ankle joint stability

Back 210

Distal Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Front 211

Ligament that extends from the lateral tubercle of the posterior process of the talus to the inferior (1⁄2 of the) lateral malleolar fossa of the fibula

Back 211

Posterior Talofibular Ligament

Front 212

Ligaments that are a part of the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle joint

Back 212

Posterior Talofibular Ligament
Calcaneofibular Ligament
Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Front 213

this ligament has deep and superficial parts and extendsfrom the medial malleolar posterior colliculus to the medial tubercle of the talar posterior process

Back 213

Posterior Talotibial Ligament

Front 214

an extracapsular ligament that extends from the summit of the lateral malleolus to the calcaneal lateral surface, superoposterior to fibular trochlea

Back 214

Calcaneofibular Ligament

Front 215

extends from the inferior aspect of the medial malleolus, anterior and posterior colliculi, to the medial surface of the sustentaculum tali

Back 215

Calcaneotibial Ligament

Front 216

ligament that extends from the anterior inferior edge of the lateral malleolus to the lateral aspect of the talar neck

Back 216

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Front 217

ligament that extends from the inferior medial malleolus, the anterior colliculus, to the medial aspect of the neck of the talus

Back 217

Anterior Talotibial Ligament

Front 218

reinforces the ankle joint laterally, limits inversion of the rearfoot, and consists of 3 separate parts

Back 218

Lateral Collateral Ligament of the Ankle

Front 219

Action of the Lateral Collateral Ligament of the Ankle

Back 219

limits inversion of the rearfoot

Front 220

ligament from the anterior inferior edge of the lateral malleolus to the lateral aspect of the talar neck; passes primarily medial and slightly anterior

Back 220

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Front 221

T or F:
the Anterior Talofibular Ligament becomes taught when the ankle joint is dorsiflexed

Back 221

false.
it becomes taut when the ankle joint is plantar flexed

Front 222

the most commonly injured ligament in ankle sprains

Back 222

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Front 223

Action of the Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Back 223

prevents anterior displacement of the talus from the ankle mortise
and prevents excessive ankle joint plantar flexion

Front 224

ligament that extends from the summit of the lateral malleolus to the lateral aspect of the calcaneus, just proximal and superior to the peroneal trochlea

Back 224

Calcaneofibular Ligament

Front 225

T or F:
the Calcaneofibular Ligament becomes taut when the ankle joint is dorsiflexed

Back 225

true

Front 226

forms an angle of approximately 105 degrees with the anterior talofibular ligament

Back 226

Calcaneofibular Ligament

Front 227

the Calcaneofibular Ligament forms an angle of approximately ____ degrees with the anterior talofibular ligament

Back 227

105 degrees

Front 228

action of the Calcaneofibular Ligament

Back 228

limits inversion of the rearfoot and prevents excessive ankle joint dorsiflexion

Front 229

ligament that extends from the posterior lateral malleolus to the lateral tubercle of the posterior process of the talus

Back 229

Posterior Talofibular Ligament

Front 230

T or F:
the Posterior Talofibular Ligament is taut when the ankle is dorsiflexed

Back 230

Posterior Talofibular Ligament

Front 231

Action of the Posterior Talofibular Ligament

Back 231

prevents posterior displacement of the talus from the ankle mortise and prevents excessive ankle joint dorsiflexion

Front 232

Ligament that is rarely torn in ankle sprains as its position is almost horizontal

Back 232

Posterior Talofibular Ligament

Front 233

called the Deltoid Ligament

Back 233

Medial Collateral Ligament of the Ankle

Front 234

very thick strong ligament; rarely injured; and reinforces the ankle joint medially

Back 234

Medial Collateral Ligament of the Ankle

Front 235

action of the Medial Collateral Ligament of the Ankle

Back 235

reinforces the ankle joint medially
limits eversion of the rearfoot

Front 236

Medial Collateral Ligament of the Ankle limits eversion of the rearfoot, so it is usually injured with __________ force

Back 236

eversion

Front 237

consists of superficial and deep parts; descriptions vary from three to five ligaments present, two may be
absent or blended with others (the common clinical description is 3 ligaments)

Back 237

Medial Collateral Ligament of the Ankle

Front 238

Medial Collateral Ligament of the Ankle

Back 238

Posterior Talotibial Ligament
Calcaneotibial Ligament
Anterior Talotibial Ligament

Front 239

the deep deltoid ligaments

Back 239

Anterior Talotibial Ligament
Deep Posterior Talotibial Ligament

Front 240

ligament that extends from the anterior colliculus of the medial malleolus to the
medial aspect of the talar neck

Back 240

Anterior Talotibial Ligament

Front 241

its fibers often blend with fibers of the tibionavicular ligament; may be absent

Back 241

Anterior Talotibial Ligament

Front 242

the Anterior Talotibial Ligament taut when ankle is _________

Back 242

plantar flexed

Front 243

action of the Anterior Talotibial Ligament

Back 243

prevents anterior displacement of the talus from the ankle
mortise and prevents excessive ankle joint plantar flexion

Front 244

A thick, strong ligament that extends from the posterior colliculus of the medial malleolus to the medial tubercle of the posterior process of the talus

Back 244

Deep Posterior Talotibial Ligament

Front 245

the Deep Posterior Talotibial Ligament is taut when the ankle is _________

Back 245

dorsiflexed

Front 246

action of the Deep Posterior Talotibial Ligament

Back 246

prevents posterior displacement of the talus from the ankle mortise and prevents excessive ankle joint dorsiflexion

Front 247

the Superficial Deltoid Ligaments

Back 247

Tibionavicular Ligament
Calcaneotibial Ligament
Superficial Posterior Talotibial Ligament

Front 248

ligament that extends from the anterior inferior aspect of the medial malleolus, anterior colliculus, to the navicular tuberosity

Back 248

Tibionavicular Ligament

Front 249

Ligament that blends with the spring ligament / plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

Back 249

Tibionavicular Ligament

Front 250

weakest of the deltoid ligaments

Back 250

Tibionavicular Ligament

Front 251

ligament that extends from the medial malleolar colliculi to the medial surface of the sustentaculum tali

Back 251

Calcaneotibial Ligament

Front 252

ligament that lies deep to the tendon of flexor digitorum longus as it passes along the medial edge of the sustentaculum tali

Back 252

Calcaneotibial Ligament

Front 253

strongest of the deltoid ligaments

Back 253

Calcaneotibial Ligament

Front 254

action of the Calcaneotibial Ligament

Back 254

limits eversion of the calcaneus

Front 255

ligament that extends from the posterior inferior aspect of the medial malleolus, posterior colliculus, to the medial tubercle of the posterior talar process

Back 255

Superficial Posterior Talotibial Ligament

Front 256

ligament that mimics the course of the deep posterior talotibial ligament and may blend with the fibers of the deep ligament or may be absent

Back 256

Superficial Posterior Talotibial Ligament

Front 257

action of the Superficial Posterior Talotibial Ligament

Back 257

prevents posterior displacement of the talus from the ankle mortise and prevents excessive ankle joint dorsiflexion

Front 258

the Superficial Posterior Talotibial Ligament is taut when the ankle is _________

Back 258

dorsiflexed

Front 259

arterial supply to the ankle joint (extensive supply makes it rare to have necrosis of the bones from severe ankle injuries)

Back 259

anterior tibial artery
posterior tibial artery
peroneal artery
dorsalis pedis artery
malleolar arterial network (including arterial supply to the talus)

Front 260

a branch of the anterior tibial artery that passes medially around the ankle and anastomoses with the posterior medial malleolar artery

Back 260

Malleolar Arterial Network

Front 261

normally a branch of the anterior tibial artery that passes laterally around the ankle and anastomoses with the posterior lateral malleolar artery; helps supply the ankle joint

Back 261

Anterior Lateral Malleolar Artery

Front 262

a branch of the fibular artery that passes anteriorly through the inferior opening in interosseous membrane and continues inferiorly to reach the tarsus

Back 262

Perforating Peroneal Artery

Front 263

supplies tarsal bones dorsally, and helps supply ankle joint

Back 263

Perforating Peroneal Artery

Front 264

a branch of either the anterior tibial artery or the dorsalis pedis artery that passes laterally across the tarsus, then recurs and anastomoses with the anterior lateral malleolar artery

Back 264

Lateral Tarsal Artery

Front 265

a branch of the posterior tibial artery that passes medially around the ankle and anastomoses with the anterior medial malleolar artery

Back 265

Posterior Medial Malleolar Artery

Front 266

a branch between the posterior tibial artery and the fibular artery that sends a branch to the ankle joint

Back 266

Peroneal Communicating Artery

Front 267

a branch of the peroneal artery that passes laterally around the ankle and anastomoses with the anterior lateral malleolar artery; helps supply the ankle joint

Back 267

Posterior Lateral Malleolar Artery

Front 268

gives off direct branches to the talar head and neck as it passes dorsally across the midfoot

Back 268

Dorsalis Pedis Artery

Front 269

branch of the dorsalis pedis artery that helps to supply the head and neck of the talus

Back 269

Medial Tarsal Artery

Front 270

branch of the dorsalis pedis artery that gives off direct branches to the talar head and neck as it recurs

Back 270

Lateral Tarsal Artery

Front 271

Branches of the Dorsalis Pedis Artery

Back 271

Medial Tarsal Artery
Lateral Tarsal Artery
(Artery of the Sinus Tarsi)

Front 272

branch from the anastomosis of the lateral tarsal and the
perforating fibular arteries that enters the sinus tarsi from the lateral end to supply the neck of talus; may be a branch of the dorsalis pedis artery

Back 272

Artery of the Sinus Tarsi

Front 273

branch of the posterior tibial artery that helps to supply the posterior process of the talus

Back 273

Fibular Communicating Artery

Front 274

branch of the posterior tibial artery that enters the canalis tarsi; anastomoses with the artery of the sinus tarsi and this anastomosis; helps to supply the talar head and neck

Back 274

Artery of the Tarsal Canal

Front 275

branch of the artery of the tarsal canal that directly supplies the talar body; deep to the deltoid ligament

Back 275

Deltoid Artery

Front 276

branch of the fibular artery that passes through the inferior opening of the interosseous membrane; anastomoses with the lateral tarsal artery to form the artery of the sinus tarsi

Back 276

Perforating Peroneal Artery

Front 277

Innervation of the ankle joint

Back 277

Tibial Nerve
Deep Peroneal Nerve
Sural Nerve
Saphenous Nerve
Superficial Peroneal Nerve

Front 278

sends nerve branches to the ankle joint as it passes along the posteromedial aspect; it is deep to the fascia cruris

Back 278

Tibial Nerve

Front 279

sends nerve branches to the ankle joint as it passes along the anterior aspect; it is deep to the fascia cruris at this level

Back 279

Deep Peroneal Nerve

Front 280

sends nerve branches to the ankle joint as it passes over the posterior lateral aspect; it is in the superficial fascia

Back 280

Sural Nerve

Front 281

crosses the ankle joint at the anterior lateral aspect, but normally does not provide innervation to the ankle joint (probably because it would be easily injured from an inversion ankle sprain)

Back 281

Superficial Peroneal Nerve

Front 282

the most medial bone in ankle cross section; the fascia cruris attaches to it anteriorly, medially and posteriorly

Back 282

Medial Malleolus of the Tibia

Front 283

the largest bony area present in ankle cross section; located centrally

Back 283

Trochlea of the Talus

Front 284

the most lateral bone in the ankle cross section; the fascia cruris attaches to it anteriorly, laterally and posteriorly

Back 284

Lateral Malleolus of the Fibula

Front 285

the small bony structure in the ankle cross section; near the posterolateral aspect of the talus, deep to the peroneal tendons

Back 285

Posterior Process of the Tibia

Front 286

Structures in the superficial fascia of the ankle cross section

Back 286

Great Saphenous Vein
Saphenous Nerve
Medial Dorsal Cutaneous Nerve
Intermediate Dorsal Cutaneous Nerve
Small Saphenous Vein
Sural Nerve
Lateral Calcaneal Nerves

Front 287

blends with the fascia dorsalis pedis on the dorsum of the foot and with the plantar aponeurosis on the plantar aspect of the foot

Back 287

Deep Fascia/Fascia Cruris

Front 288

the anterior ankle is located between the upper and lower bands of the ___________

Back 288

cruciate crural ligament

Front 289

structures located in the anterior ankle at cross section

Back 289

Tibialis Anterior Tendon
Extensor Hallucis Longus Tendon
Dorsalis Pedis Artery and venae comitantes
Deep Peroneal Nerve
Tendons of Extensor Digitorum Longus
Peroneus Tertius Tendon
Perforating Fibular Artery & venae comitantes

Front 290

Structures in the Medial area of the posteriorankle in cross section

Back 290

Tibialis Posterior Tendon
Flexor Digitorum Longus Tendon
Posterior Tibial Artery & venae comitantes
Tibial Nerve
Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon

Front 291

structures of the central area of the posterior ankle in cross section

Back 291

Plantaris Tendon
Tendo Calcaneus

Front 292

structures of the lateral area of the posterior ankle in cross section

Back 292

Peroneus Brevis Tendon
Peroneus Longus Tendon
Peroneus Quartus Tendon
Lateral Calcaneal Arteries