Qmb 4700 Test 1 Set 2

Front 1

The problem solving process

Back 1

Exploring the Mess
Searching for Information
Identifying a Problem
Searching for Solutions
Evaluating Solutions
Implementing a Solution

Front 2

a morass of unsettling symptons, causes, data, pressures, shortfalls, and opportunities.

Back 2

mess

Front 3

a well defined situation that is capable of resolution

Back 3

problem

Front 4

objective of the analysis are clear, the assumptions that must be made are obvious, all necessary data are readily available, and the logical structure behind the analysis is well understood

Back 4

well structured problems

Front 5

objectives, assumptions, data and structure of the problem are all un clear.

Back 5

ill structured problem

Front 6

stresses generating ideas over evaluation ideas. involves thinking in different directions or searching for a variety of asnwers to questions that may have many right answers

Back 6

divergent thinking

Front 7

directed toward achieving a goal, a single solution, answer, or result. involves trying to find the one best answer

Back 7

convergent thinking

Front 8

goes on constantly during problem solving. problem solvers construct quick, informal mental models at many different points in the process.

Back 8

mental modeling

Front 9

link causes to effects and help us evaluate potential solutions. coslier than mental models

Back 9

formal models

Front 10

Generally Simplified
Circumscribed by Personal Experience
Influenced by Preferences
Assumptions, Logic and Preferences Are Implicit and Hidden
They Don’t Contribute to the Key Goal of Modeling: Providing Insight

Back 10

mental models

Front 11

asks questions such as:
What Are the Problems and Opportunities?
Where Is There a Gap between Current and Desired Situations?
What Are the Goals?

Back 11

step 1-exploring the mess

Front 12

What Are the Symptoms and Causes?
What Measures of Effectiveness Seem Appropriate?
What Are the Available Actions?

Back 12

step 2 - searching for information

Front 13

Which Is the Most Important Problem?
Is this Problem Similar to Others?
Should We Use a Broad or Narrow Problem Statement?

Back 13

step 3- identifying problem

Front 14

What Decisions Are Open to Us?
What Solutions Have Been Tried Before?
How Do Candidate Solutions Connect with Outcomes?

Back 14

step 4 searching for soultions

Front 15

How Does This Solution Impact Our Criteria?
What Factors Within Our Control Improve the Outcome?
What Factors Outside Our Control Could Alter the Outcome?

Back 15

step 5 evaluating solutions

Front 16

What Are the Barriers to Successful Implementation?
Where Will We See Support and Motivation, or Resistance and Conflict?
Are The Resources Available for Successful Implementation?

Back 16

step 6-implementing a solution

Front 17

it is helpful to classify craft skills into useful rules of thumb, or ------ ----. In general, a ------ is an approach, a strategy, or a trick that has often proved effective in a given situation.

Back 17

modeling heuristic, heuristic

Front 18

-Simplify the Problem
-Modularize the Problem
-Prototype
-Sketch Graphs of Relationships
-Identify Parameters and Perform Sensitivity Analysis
-Separate Idea Creation from Idea Evaluation
-Work Backward from the Answer
-Focus on Model Structure, not Data Collection

Back 18

eight fundamental heuristics