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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What organs are involved in the formation of the pulse?
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Heart, Lungs,Spleen/Stomach, Liver, Kidney
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Describe the hearts function in the formation of the pulse.
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Beats. Controls circulation and vessels. The heart is the engine for Qi and Blood.
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What is the lungs role in pulse formation?
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Lungs govern the qi of the entire body.
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What is the Spleen and Stomach role in pulse formation?
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Source of nutrients to make qi and blood. Holds blood in vessels.
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What is the Livers role in pulse formation?
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Stores Blood and regulates volume, responsible for smooth flow of Qi in entire body.
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What is the Kidneys role in pule formation?
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Stores essence, transformation.
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what is the clinical significance of the pulse?
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It tells how well the 5 zang are functioning.
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More specifically, what is the pulse able to tell us about a diseased zang?
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The syndromes location-ext or int.
The syndromes progress. Pulse can be used to determine if the pt. is better or worse after Tx |
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What are the 3 pulse taking methods?
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Whole body
3 area cun-kou/mai-kou |
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Describe whole area head pulse locations and func info.
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temple- head qi
SJ 21- ear/eye qi ST 3- mouth/teeth qi |
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Describe hand pulse location and function info.
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LU 9- lung qi
HT 7- heart qi LI 4- chest qi |
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describe leg/foot location of pulse and function info.
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LV 3- liver qi
SP 11 or ST 42- Sp/St qi KD 3- kidney qi |
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What are the pulse locations and function information in 3 area pulse taking?
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ST 9- stomach qi
Wrist- 12 channels- all zangfu qi UB 59- kidney qi |
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Describe pulse locations for the cun-kou method.
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Location- palmar side of let and right wrists, 3 positions each wrist.
cun- in from lateral end of wrist crease guan- in from styloid process of the radius chi-equi-distance proximal to guan position. |
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What do the different positions indicate in the cun-kou pulses?
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pt's rt hand- cun- lung/chest qi
-guan-sp/st/mid-jiao qi -chi- KdYang/low abdo qi pt's lft hand-cun- Ht/ren 17area qi -guan-Lv/diaphgm qi - chi- Kd Yin low abdo qi |
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Describe the method of pulse taking.
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1) early morning is best when qi and blood are fully formed.
2)Patient must be relaxed-talk to patient first 3) dr's. curved fingers pads 90 degree to pulse line, one side at a time, Dr. sits diagonal to pt. Pt. may be lying or sitting w/ wrists supported close to heart level. |
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Pusle taking cont.
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4)pressure-3 levels
level 1 cun-supficl- Ht/Lu light touch level 2 guan-med. searching-Sp/St, should be able to slide fingers level 3 chi-deep-press to muscle level |
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Pulse taking cont.
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5) Counting beats w/no clock.
normal 60-90 bpm dr's breathing rate 4 beats/breath =75BPM 3 beats/ breath=60BPM abnorm 5 beats/ breath=90BPM abnorm |
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Describe the characteristics of a normal pulse (pin mai).
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palpation-not too superficial or deep
diameter-not too thin or wide force- gentle w/enough force, not soft/not hard. with regular rhythum and beats |
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How is the chi position different?
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It is usually not felt at the superficial position, diameter should be thinner.
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What are the three characteristics of a pulse?
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Stomach Qi, Spirit and Root.
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What are the manifestations of a normal pulse spirit ?
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gentle force, regular rhythum
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What is the manifestation of normal stomach function?
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Not floating or deep, not rapid or slow, not too strong or too weak, moderate in width,even, rhythmic,calm, fluid.
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What are the manifestations of a normal Root?
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Powerful pulse felt at deep level in chi position.
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Why is the stomach qi a good indication of health?
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The stomach is the source of nutrition used to make qi and blood. the source of ying-blood and yang-wei qi. Good nutrition = strong wei qi. The stomach supports the heart(spirit).
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Why is the kidney function important?
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the kidney anchors the pulse. It supports the stomach function which in turn supports the heart.
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Why is the heart function important?
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The heart controls the brain(CNS) and circulates Blood and Qi. It reflects the exuberance of the stomach qi.
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What things naturally affect the pulses?
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Sex, age, body type, season, environment, stress and emotions.
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What are the variations in seasonal pulses?
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Winter: deeper
Spring: bowstring Summer: flooding, surging, slippery Autumn: superficial, floating |
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How do pulses vary with environment?
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Warm climate= muscles relaxed- a normal pulse would be slightly fast, soft, smooth, slippery
Cold climate=muscles tense- normal pulse would be slow, hard, tight, deep |
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How does a person sex affect the pulse?
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Female- soft, weak, slightly fast >80 BPM
Male- hard,strong, slow <80 BPM |
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How does age affect the pulse?
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Young (teen - 40)-strong/clear 60-90 BPM
Babies- fast > 100 BPM Infants- very fast > 120-140BPM 5-6 year olds- 90-110 BPM |
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How does physical build affect the pulse?
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Tall-large skeleton- longer pulse
short-small skeleton- thiner pulse Skinny-thin/floating pulse Obese- deeper pulse atheletic- slower pulse |
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How do emotions affect the pulse?
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Anger- faster/stronger
Too Happy- slower Sad- deep/slow Fright- moving (ping pong)/thready |
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How does eating affect the pulse?
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wine/hot/spicy- rapid/stronger
sweets- slippery Hunger- slow/weak |
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Describe a floating pulse and its indications.
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Fu Mai - felt w/light finger pressure 1st level, 2nd level weak.
External synd.-wei qi comes to surface to fight. strong/floating=external excess, weak/floating=external defic. Defic. cond.- no root critical cond. |
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Describe a deep/sinking pulse and its indications.
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Chen Mai- felt w/heavy pressure only. 3rd level.
Internal syndromes-strong/deep=internal excess weak/deep=internal defic. |
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Describe a slow pulse and its indications.
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Chi Mai- <60 bpm, 3 breaths/beat.
Cold syndrms. vigorous/slow=excess cold weak/slow=defic.cold/Yang defic. |
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Describe a fast/rapid pulse and its indications.
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Shu Mai- >90bpm, 5 breaths/beat.
Heat syndrms. strong/rapid=excess cond. weak/rapid=defic. cond. |
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Describe a flooding/surging pulse and its indications.
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Hong Mai- broad diameter, forceful as it hits fingers,less forceful when it goes back down. Like a wave hitting the beach and then receding.
Excess heat in qi level or sudden blood loss |
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Describe a thready/thin/small pulse and its indications.
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Xi Mai- feels like a fine thread w/normal force, at all 3 levels.
Qi and blood defic. syndrms. Any defic. syndrm. such as spleen qi defic due to damp stag |
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Describe a minute/indistinct pulse and its indications.
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Wei Mai- Similar to thready, but lack clarity,extremely thin and difficult to find. Seems to disappear.
2nd lvl-Yang qi is weak or defic. 3rd lvl- Yin and Yang are both defic., critical condition |
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Describe a deficient/empty pulse and its indications.
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Xu Mai- Lack of force/soft, water ballon. Feels the same at all 3 lvls.
Deficiency syndromes. |
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Describe a scattered pulse and it indications.
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San Mai- similar to defic. pulse.Only felt at 1st lvl, floating, no root. Big diameter,weak force,diffused (broken pearl necklace.
Yin/Ynag separation !!!!! |
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Describe an excessive/full/solid pulse and its indications.
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Shi Mai-Forceful pulse,big diameter,pounding,hard. Felt at all 3 lvls.
Any type of excess syndrome. Zheng qi and Xie qi both strong=good fight |
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Describe a slippery/rolling pulse and what the indications are.
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Hua Mai- Pulse feels smooth and flowing like a stream or pearls rolling across a plate. Feels rapid but beats depth and force are normal.
Phlegm retension,food stag(damp), excess heat w/o fever. Normal to feel slippery in summer, pregnancy and during menstruation. |
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Describe a choppy/difficult/hesitant pulse.
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Se Mai- Opposite of slippery. rough and uneven in rate and strength. Alternates 3 beats/breath, 5 beats/breath. Feels like knife scraping bamboo.
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What are the indications for a choppy pulse - Se Mai?
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Injured essence
Lack of blood-quantity Qi stag w/Blood stasis Qi stag w/phlegm stag Qi stag w/food stag |
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Describe a long pulse and its indications.
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Chang Mai- Extends beyond normal pulse position- longitudinally
Does not indicate anything by itself. Normal in pregnancy LV Yang rising-HA,angry,high BP Excess Yang due to int. heat |
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Describe a short pulse and its indications.
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Duan Mai- Shorter longitudinally than normal.
Does not indicate anything by itself. Strong/short-excess syndrm Weak/short- Qi defic |
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Describe a bowstring/wiry pulse and what its indications are.
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Xuan Mai- LV pulse.Feels long,taut,thin &straight like a metal violin string. Strong pressure all 3 lvls.Normal in spring.
LV/GB syndrms., phlegm retension(blocks qi/blood) ,meridians dx, |
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Describe a tight/tense pulse.
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Jin Mai- Tight and strong, seems to bounce from side to side like a tightrope or a very stretched rubberband. Similar to wiry but fuller and more elastic.
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What are the indications of a Bowstring pulse- Jin Mai?
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Cold syndromes
Food stagnation Pain due to cold |
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Describe a hollow pulse and its indications.
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Kou/Kong Mai- gentle/soft force felt at 1st and 3rd levels , 2nd level hollow, like a green onion.
Blood loss Traumatic Blood loss-Hemorrage Sudden yin fluid loss-pneumonia, hvy menstruat. |
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Describe a moderate/leisure pulse and its indications.
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Huan Mai- normal in depth, speed, strength and width.
Normal- no syndrms Damp syndrm due to spleen qi defic.-not serious |
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Describe a leather pulse and its indications.
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Ge Mai- feels hard and tight at 1st lvl, empty at 2nd & 3rd lvls. Combo of floating,wiry and defic. pulses
Massive bleeding Emission problems(KD qi) Miscarriage-before/after |
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Describe a prison/firm pulse.
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Lao Mai-Opposite of a leather pulse.Combo btwn deep and wiry.1st & 2nd lvls- weak, not clear, 3rd lvl- wiry,big diameter,long
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What are the indications for a prison pulse- Lao Mai?
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excess cold syndrm-internal
hernia hard/solid mass due to blood stasis Soft nodule due to qi stasis |
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Describe a weak pulse and its indications.
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Ruo Mai- Less force than defic. pulse. Only felt at 3rd lvl. Thin diameter, lack of force.
Qi/Blood deficiency conditions |
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Describe a soggy/soft pulse.
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Ru Mai- Spleen pulse. combo of floating and thin pulses.Hits fingers w/o strength. very soft feeling that dissapears w/pressure. only felt w/very light palpation.
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What are the indications of a soggy pulse- Ru Mai?
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Defic. syndrms
Spleen Qi defic. Damp syndrms |
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Describe a hidden pulse and its indications.
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Fu Mai- Pulse is extremely deep and difficult to find. Touch the bone and still hiding.
Unconsciousness Qi/Blood blocked-pneumonia Very severe pain syndrm-constricts vessels |
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Describe a moving pulse.
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Dong Mai- Combo- short/tight,slippery/fast pulses. Felt only in one position, no head, no tail,like spinning beans.
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What are the indications of a moving pulse- Dong Mai?
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Pain syndromes
Convulsions due to heat Seizures due to phlegm-epilepsy Seizures due to internal wind |
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Describe an accelerated/hasty/hurried pulse and it s indications.
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Cu Mai- Fast and skips beats at irregular intervals > 100BPM.
Excess heat syndrm Qi/Blood stag Phlegm stag Food stasis furncles Abscesses-organs/bones/trunk Qi/Blood exhaustion |
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Describe a knotted pulse and its indications.
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Jie Mai- Slow and skips beats at irregular intervals.
Excess cold/ Yin cold w/qi stag Cold-phlegm(damp-cold)stag w/ blood stasis Any mass or nodule due to qi stag. |
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Describe an Replacement/intermittent pulse and it indications.
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Dai Mai- Slow and weak, skips beats at regular intervals.
5 zang qi defic. Internal wind syndrms Pain syndrms Emotional disturb.- fear,terror Trauma-pain |
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Describe an agitated pulse and its indications.
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Ji Mai- Very rapid, agitated, urgent. 7-8 beats/breath, >140BPM
Yin/Yang separation-death is near |
