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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name the three bronchodilators used for OPD
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1. b agonists
2. anticholinergics 3. theophylline (phosphodiesterase inhibitors) |
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name the 4 anti-inflamms used in OPD?
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1. corticosteroids
2. leukotriene agents 3. cromolyns 4. anti-IgE therapy |
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what is the prototype for short acting bronchodilator (b agonist)? long acting?
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short acting: salbutamol (ventolin)
long acting: sameterol |
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MOA of anticholinergics
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bind to M receptors (especially interested in M3)
promote relaation of smooth muscle - bronchodilation |
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prototypes for anticholintergics
a) short acting b) long acting |
1) ipratropium (Atrovent)
2) tiotropium |
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what is the first line drug in COPD (ACUTE AND CHRONIC!)
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the short acting anticholinergic called ipratropium
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MOA of theophylline
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inhibits phosphodiesterases (which usually break down cAMP) - prolonged cell signalling
increased NTs and autocoids --> SM relaxation and bronchodilation **memory trick - theo...filines |
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main bad thing about theophylline
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NARROW THERAPEUTIC INDEX (the and filene's are too good to be true)
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what is the 2nd line drug for COPD?
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theophylline
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3 effects of corticosteroids
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1. inhibit cytokine and eicosanoid synthesis
2. reduce accumulation of eosinophils and basophils 3. decrease vascular permeability |
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what are the 2 orally administered corticosteroids?
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prednisone, prednisolone
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methylprednisolone is an example of...
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an IV administered corticosteroid
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hydrocortisone is an example of...
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an IV administered corticosteroid
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beclomethasone is an example of...
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an inhaled corticosteroid
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fluticasone is an example of...
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an inhaled coridcosteroid
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budesonide is an example of
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an inhaled corticosteroid
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leukotrienes are part of a broad group of chemicals called...; what do these do?
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eicosanoids; stiumulate luekocyte aggregation, borhncial mucous secretion, SM contraction
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what are 2 ways we can target leukotrienes in OPD?
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1. leukotriene receptor antagonists
2.leukotriene synth inhibitors |
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indication for leukotriene agents?
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cases of 'mild' asthma - a nice alternative to corticosteroids
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zafirlukast is an example of a...
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leukotriene antagonist
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zileuton is an example of...
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a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor
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which is NOT a MOA of cromolyn:
-mast cell inhibition -supression of chemotactic peptides -inhibition of parasympathetics and cough reflexes -decreased IgE synthesis -decreased activation and aggregation of leukocytes |
decreased IgE synthesis
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do you see the effects of cromolyn immediately?
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no - it takes 2-3 mos of regular use
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omalizumab is an example of...
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anti-IgE therapy
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indications for anti-IgE therapy
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mod-severe asthma; allergies
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is anti-IgE therapy used for acute/chronic asthma
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chronic
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MOA of IgE therapy
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= monoclonal AB against IgE
-binds to IgE, preventing IgE from binding to the mast cell and basophil |
