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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Explain Flooding |
Client is exposed to an extreme amount of the feared stimulus under relaxed conditions until the anxiety reaction is distinguished . It can be conducted in vivo or viral reality. |
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Evaluate Flooding |
-flooding is not for every patient or therapist, it can be a highly traumatic procedure, patients are made aware beforehand but may quit during treatment and can increase the extremity of the phobia. - for those that stick with it, it can be a relatively quick treatment. Choy et al reported flooding was more effective than SD but Craske et al concluded both were equally effective. |
Effectiveness and individual differences |
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Explain Systematic Desensitisation (SD) |
Developed by Wolpe. COUNTERCONDITIONING - taught a new association to counter irrational one, taught through classical conditioning. Also called 'reciprocal inhibitation' RELAXATION - therapist teaches relaxation techniques, take deep slow breaths, being mindful and focusing on a peaceful scene. Progressive muscle relaxation. DESENTISIATION HIERACHY - situation gradually becomes more familiar and intensity is increased slightly every time. |
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Explain Desntisistation Hierachy |
1 - patient taught to relax muscles completely. 2- therapist and client construct a desensitisation hierarchy, a series of imagined scenes, causing more anxiety than the previous 3- patient gradually works through this hierachy and relaxing muscles 4- move onto next stage when mastered the previous 5- patient eventually masters the feared situation and no longer has that phobia |
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Evaluate Systematic Desensitisation |
-Mcgrath et al reported 75% of clients respond to SD. The key to success seems to be with actual contact of the feared stimulus (in vivo) but Comer suggests a mix of in vivo, in vitro and modelling. -Öhnman et al suggests SD may not be effective for adaptive survival phobias such as heights. -relatively fast and less effort compared to CBT. Can be self administered which can be as effective and cheaper |
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Futher Evaluation |
- SD and flooding help in that there's contact with the feared stimulus rather than relaxation. Klein et al suggested SD and flooding may be the generation of hopeful expectancies that the phobia can be overcome. -May not work with all phobias. Freud studied Little Hand who had a phobia of horses. The boys actual problem was envy of father but he could only express this on the horse. The phobia was cured when the feelings of the father were accepted not exposing Hans to horses etc. |
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