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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A childs weight will _________ by its first birthday.
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Triple
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Visual Cliff Experiment
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6-8 Month old infants develope depth perception and avoid crawling off "the cliff."
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What are the 4 stages of Paiget's Cognitive-Developmental Theory
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1. Sensorimotor Stage
2. The Preoperational Stage 3. The Concrete Operational Stage 4. Formal Operations |
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What is Paiget's Cognitive-Developmental Theory?
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Childrens cognitive processes develop in an orderly sequence of stages.
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Paiget's Cognitive-Developmental Theory
Stage 1 - Sensorimotor Stage |
Birth - Age 2
The newborn is capable of assimilation & respond to new stimuli by reflex). |
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Paiget's Cognitive-Developmental Theory
Stage 2 - The Preoperational Stage |
Ages 2-7 Years
Characterized by the words and symbols to represent objects and relaionships among them. |
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Paiget's Cognitive-Developmental Theory
Stage 3 - The Concrete Operational Stage |
Ages 7-12 Years
Children learn the beginnings of the capacity for adult logic. |
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Object Performance
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By about 8-12 months of age the infant realizes that objects that are removed from sight still exist.
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Animism
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Attribute life and consciousness to physical objects like the sun and moon.
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Conservation
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Basic properties of substances remain the same.
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Objective Responsibility
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Child judges people by the amount of harm done, not the intent.
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Concrete Thinking
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Mental processes characterized by literalness and the tendancy to be bound to the most immedate and obvious sense impressions, as well as by a lack of generalization and abstraction.
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Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
Trust vs. Mistrust |
0-1 Years
Child comes to trust or distrust primary care giver. Becomes secure and content. |
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The 3 Patterns of Attachment
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1. Secure Attachment
2. Avoidant Attachment 3. Ambivalent / Resistant Attachment |
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Secure Attachment
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Infants mildly protest mothers departure. Does better in a group. Most happy and social.
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Avoidant Attachment
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Not distresses by mother leaving.
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Ambivalent / Resistant Attachment
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Shows most emotion.
Severe signs of distress when infant is dropped off, then pushes mother away when she comes back. |
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Authorative Parenting Styles
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Strict but are willing to reason with their children. Most competent children come from this type.
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Authoritarian Parenting Style
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Strict and rely on force. Poor communication. Cold and rejecting.
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Permissive Parenting Style
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Easy going, warm, supportive. Poor at communicating.
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Uninvolved Parenting Style
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Leave children on their own. Make few demands. Show little warmth and encouragement.
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Contributors to physical child abuse.
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Nearly 3 million children a year are abused by their parents.
Stress History of child abuse. Acceptance of violence as a coping mechanism. Failure to attach to children. Substance Abuse Ridged attitude toward child rearing. Unemployment, and low socionomic status. |
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Most children who are abused do NOT abuse their own children as adults. True or False
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True - Most children who are abused do NOT abuse their own children as adults.
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__% of children are sexually abused by someone they know.
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93%
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Paiget's Cognitive-Developmental Theory
Stage 4 - Formal Opperations |
Ages 11-12 and Older
Mature adult thought emerges. Thinking is characterized by deductive logic, consideration of various possibilities, abstract thought, and the formation and testing of hypotheses. |
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Abstract Thought
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The ability to hypothesize, classify, engage in deductive reasoning, think logically, theorize.
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Adolecent Egocentrism
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Newfound logic doesn't always consider exceptions or practical problems adults often see due to their life experience.
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Imaginary Audience
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See themselves as the center of attention and assume other people are as preoccupied with their appearance and behavior as they are.
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Personal Fable
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They believe that their feelings and ideas are special and that they are unique and invonerable.
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Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
Ego Identity vs. Role Diffusion |
Adolescence
Ego Identity - Who we see ourselves as being and what we stand for. Role Diffusion - Do not develop ego identity. Place themselves at the mercy of leaders who promise to give them a sense of identity. |
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Ego Identity
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A firm sense of who one is and what one stands for.
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Role Diffusion
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Lack of clarity in ones life. Places themselves at the mercy of leaders who promise to give them a sense of identity.
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What are the two Theories of Aging?
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Programed Senescence
Wear & Tear Theory |
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Programed Senescence
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Aging is determined by a biological clock that is governed by our genes.
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Wear & Tear Theory
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The body is a machine that is going to wear out.
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Crystallized Intelligence
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Represents one lifetime of intellectual attainments including vocal and accumulated facts.
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Fluid Intelligence
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Represents mental flexibility. This is the ability to process info rapidly, learning and solving new problems.
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Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
Generativity vs. Stagnation |
"Midlife Transition"
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Generativity
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Doing things that we believe are worthwhile which enhances self-esteem and helps shape a new generation.
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Stagnation
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"Treading Water" Has powerful destructive effects on self esteem.
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Most people in their 70's report general satisfaction with their lives. T / F
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True
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What are the three components of sucessful aging?
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1. Reshaping one's life to concentrate on what one finds to be important and meaningful.
2. A positive outlook. 3. Self-challenge. |
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What are the five stages of dying?
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1. Denial
2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Final Acceptance |
