Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is conformity? |
A change in a person's behaviour/opinions due to real/imagined social pressure |
|
|
ISI |
Informational social influence:~About wanting to be correct/ need for certainty~You think the group has the better information/ is more likely to be right than you~Comparison with others~Cognitive process~Leads to internalisation |
|
|
NSI |
Normative social influence:~About wanting do what is normal/ be accepted~You don't want to appear foolish or be rejected~Power of others to reward or punish~Emotive process~Leads to compliance or internalisation |
|
|
What are the three types of conformity? |
~Compliance ~Internalisation ~Identification |
|
|
What is social influence? |
The effect others have on our feelings, thoughts and behaviour. |
|
|
What is compliance? |
Changing behaviour but not beliefs. Following requirements |
|
|
What is obedience? |
Doing what you're told by an authoritative figure |
|
|
Who is Zimbardo? |
The psychologist behind the Stanford Prison Experiment. |
|
|
What was the aim of the SPE? |
To find out the psychological effects when taking on a role as a prison guard or prisoner. |
|
|
What was the hypothesis around the SPE? |
It was hypothesised that those participants who were assigned the role of a guard would behave in a way that was consistent to the role and those who were assigned as a prisoner would behave in that role. |
|
|
What was the conclusion of the SPE? |
Results of this experiment showed the behaviour of normal, well educated men can be dramatically affected when a role they are given involves considerable power an status. A generalisation that can be made is the treatment of prisoners in real prisons. Zimbardo believes that prisons are places that demean humanity... and bring out the worst in social relations among people. |
|
|
What was the aim of Asch's conformity experiment? |
Investigate the extent to which social pressure from a majority group could affect a person to conform |
|
|
What was the procedure of Asch? |
50 male american students. They were told it was a vision test. The task involved 3 lines of different lengths and then there was another line separated from those 3. Ppts had to say which of the 3 lines was the same length as the other line. There was only ONE REAL PPT and the others were all CONFEDERATES. There was 18 trials, 12 were critical because confederate deliberately said the wrong line to encourage the real ppt to conform and to see if they would |
|
|
What did Asch find? |
32% conformed (said the wrong line). On the 12 critical trails 75% conformed at least once, 25% never conformed. In the control group (6 trials left over) only 1% gave the wrong answer. |
|
|
What ethical issues are raised in Asch's experiment? |
Deception, informed consent, psychological harm/stress. Ppts were told they were doing a vision test when they were actually taking a conformity test therefore they were not told the true aims of the experiment. However if they were not deceived demand characteristics would have occurred. |
|
|
What year did Milgram carry out his original study? |
1963 |
|
|
What was the aim of Milgrams experiment? |
To investigate how far people will obey orders from someone in authority, inspired by the acts of soldiers in Nazi Germany |
|
|
How did Milgram select his participants? |
Through a magazine add |
|
|
How many participants were there? |
40 |
|
|
Pros of Milgram |
•showed how people behave and the power influence of an authority figure-valuable insights •controlled experiment, high internal validity so cause and effect can be established. •He debriefed all participants fully and did follow ups to ensure there was no lasting psychological harm. |
|
|
Negs of Milgram |
•low external validity, artificial situation, people may not have acted like that in real life so cannot be generalised.•Ethical issue-participants were quite clearly distressed with some sweating, stuttering and trembling ect...•Low population validity, study consisted of only males. |
