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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abnormal |
* unusual/statistically different
* socially unacceptable * misperceptions/misinterpretations of reality * personal stress * maladaptive/self-defencing * dangerous |
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Neurodevelopmental Disorders: * Intellectual Disabilities |
* broad delay in development of cognitive and social functioning (ex. down syndrome)
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Neurodevelopmental Disorders: * Autism Spectrum Disorder |
* deficits in social communication and interaction
* restrictive/repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests or activities |
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Neurodevelopmental Disorders: * Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
* persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity
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Neurodevelopmental Disorders: - Specific Learning Disorder |
* difficulty learning and using academic skills
* reading: dyslexia * writing: dysgraphia * math: dyscalculia |
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Neurodevelopmental Disorders: * Motor Disorders |
* multiple motor and vocal tics
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Schizophrenia Spectrum * (+) Symptoms |
* delusions (ex. grandiose, persecutory)
* hallucinations * disorganized speech * grossly disorganized behaviour (ex. silly, sexual, swear, shout) * catatonic behaviour |
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Schizophrenia Spectrum * (-) Symptoms |
* diminished emotional expression
* lack of motivation * social withdrawal * limited speech, slow movements * poor problem solving * distorted sense of time * poor hygiene |
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Bipolar & Related Disorders * Bipolar |
* person exhibits two radically different moods (depression & manic moods)
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Bipolar & Related Disorders * manic episode |
* period of extreme elation, euphoria and hyperactivity
* often accompanied by delusions of grandeur and hostility if activity is blocked |
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Depressive Disorders 1. Major depressive disorder |
* person feels overwhelming sadness, despair, and hopelessness and they usually lose their ability to experience pleasure
* isolates themselves * risk for suicide |
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Depressive Disorders 2. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder |
* PMS on steroids
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Anxiety Disorders * Generalized anxiety disorder |
* excessive anxiety or worry that they find difficult to control
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Anxiety Disorders * Panic disorder |
* experiences recurring unpredictable attacks of overwhelming anxiety, fear or terror
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Anxiety Disorders * Agoraphobia
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* fear of not being able to escape/be helped
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Anxiety Disorders * Social anxiety disorder |
* fear of social interactions
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Anxiety Disorders * Specific phobia |
* animals/insects
* nature (ex. thunder) * dental/medical * procedures/blood * situations (ex. height, flying, stairs) * other (swallowing, blushing, vomit) * acrophobia * arachnophobia * monophobia * pyrophobia * zoophobia * |
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Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders 1. OCD |
* obsession: persistent, recurring, involuntary thought, image or impulse
* compulsion: persistent, irresistible, irrational urge to perform an act or ritual repeatedly * isolates themselves * risk for suicide |
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Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders
2. Bodydysmorphic disorder |
* obsessed with a part of the body
* my strange addiction - boob lady * anorexic - no vertical perception |
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Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders - Hoarding disorder |
* persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions regarding of actual value
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Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders - Trichotillomania |
* recurrent pulling out of one’s hair
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Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders Excoriation disorder
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* recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions
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Trauma & Stressor Related Disorders * Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) |
* re-live via memories, dream
* avoid cues * numb or heightened emotions |
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Trauma & Stressor Related Disorders * Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)* triggers |
* personal traumas: experience or witness attack/injury
* public trauma: Montreal (école polytechnique, dawson) * public trauma: World (twin towers, natural disasters |
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Dissociative Disorders 1. Dissociative amnesia (repressed memories) |
* complete loss of ability to recall personal information or identity past experiences
* cannot be attributed to forgetfulness or substance abuse |
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Dissociative Disorders 1. Dissociative identity disorder (multiple personalities) |
* two or more distinct, unique personalities existing in the same individual
* severe memory disruption concerning personal information about other personalities |
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Somatic Symptom & Related Disorders 1. Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondria) |
* overly concerned about their health
* fear that their bodily systems are a sign of some serious disease |
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Somatic Symptom & Related Disorders - Conversion disorder
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* loss of motor or sensory functioning in some part of their body
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Feeding & Eating Disorders 1. Pica |
* eating of non-nutritive, non-food substances
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Feeding & Eating Disorders - Rumination disorder |
* repeated regurgitation of food (re-chewed, re-swallowed, or spit out)
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Anorexia Nervosa |
* restrict food intake
* extremely underweight * maybe: extreme exercise and/or purge |
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1. Bulimia Nervosa
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* binge
* purge * normal body size |
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* Factors for eating disorders (7)
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* biological causes
* cultural standards for appropriate body weight (media) * unhealthy family dynamics * traumatic experience (sexual assault) * body dysmorphic disorder * need for control/perfectionism * associated with certain activities/professions (athletes, dancers, models) |
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* Treating eating disorders: Bulimia
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* bulimia: easier to treat because they know that they have a problem
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* Treating eating disorders: Anorexia
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* anorexia: difficult to treat because they have body dysmorphia and intense fear of gaining
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Elimination Disorders 1. Enuresis |
* repeated voiding of urine into bed or clothes
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Elimination Disorders 2. Encopresis
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* repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places
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1. Insomnia
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* dissatisfaction with quality or quantity of sleep
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1. Narcolepsy
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* irrepressible need to sleep
* cataplexy (loss of muscle tone with consciousness) |
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1. Sleep apnea
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* nocturnal breathing disturbances (snoring, gasping)
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1. Non-rapid eye movement sleep arousal disorders
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* sleep-walk
* sleep-eat * sleep-sex |
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Gender Dysphoria
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* desire to be other gender
* cross-gender dressing, roles, etc * dislike of one’s anatomy (primary and secondary sexual characteristics) |
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Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders - Oppositional defiant disorder |
* angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behaviour or vindictiveness
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Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders - Conduct disorder |
* basic rights of others or societal norms are violated (aggression, destruction, theft)
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Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders - Pyromania |
* fire
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Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders - Kleptomania |
theft |
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Personality Disorders |
long-standing maladaptive patterns of behaving and relating to others |
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Cluster A: Odd behaviour - Paranoid |
* pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others
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Cluster A: Odd behaviour - Schizoid |
* detachment from social relationships and restricted range of expression of emotions and interactions
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Cluster A: Odd behaviour - Schizotypal |
* odd appearance and behaviour, acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for relations, and odd though patterns
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Cluster B: Erratic, overly dramatic behaviour - Antisocial |
* disregard for and violation of others - for personal gain
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Cluster B: Erratic, overly dramatic behaviour - Borderline |
* pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image and mood, and marked impulsivity and self-harm
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Cluster B: Erratic, overly dramatic behaviour - Histrionic |
* pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking
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Cluster B: Erratic, overly dramatic behaviour - Narcisstic |
* pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy
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Cluster C: Anxious, fearful behaviour - Avoidant |
* pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation
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Cluster C: Anxious, fearful behaviour - Dependent |
* excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behaviour and fears of separation
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Cluster C: Anxious, fearful behaviour - Obsessive-Compulsive |
* preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control
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Paraphilic disorders |
sexual urges, fantasies and behaviour involving non-human, kids, non-consenting, humiliation |
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Paraphilic disorders - fetishistic |
inanimate objects |
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Paraphilic disorders - pedophilic |
children |
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Paraphilic disorders - exhibitionistic |
* exposing one’s genitals to strangers
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Paraphilic disorders - voyeuristic |
* watching unsuspecting others
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Paraphilic disorders - sexual masochism
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* being hurt, humiliated, bound
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