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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Token economies |
Modify behaviour, positive reinforcement |
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Empirically supported |
Effectiveness demonstrated by independent studies |
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Humanistic approach |
Allows self exploration |
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SSRI & MAO |
SSRI antidepressants more effective, milder side effects |
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Labotomy & cingulotomy |
Types of psychosurgery |
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Counter-conditioning & stimulus hierarchies |
Control for systematic desensitisation |
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Self-relatedness |
Able to reflect & discuss thoughts & feelings, generalise what is learned |
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IQ |
mental age ÷ chronological age × 100 |
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First stratum (Carol's 3 stratum model) |
Nearly 70 specific abilities |
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Validity & content validity |
The test measures what it intends; measures everything it's supposed to |
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Aptitude tests |
Measure potential for learning & performance |
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IQ differences explained by inspection time |
~ 1/4 |
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Julian Rotter |
Expectancy, reinforcement value, locus of control |
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Locus of control |
Internal: believe they have influence. External: blames outside forces. |
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Structured interviews |
Same set of questions |
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ID governed by |
Pleasure principle |
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Conditions of worth creates |
Incongruence between experiences & need to distort experiences |
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Freud's personality structures |
Id, ego, superego |
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Self verification construct |
Remember congruent better than incongruent feedback |
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Reliance on factor analysis |
Not a limitation of trait approach |
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Reciprocal determinism |
When disagreeableness reinforces itself |
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Alfred Adler: people motivated by |
Desire to overcome shortcomings |
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Lowballing |
Increase cost after commitment |
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Foot in door |
Small request before larger one |
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Door in face |
Large request before smaller one |
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Norm of reciprocity |
Respond well to good treatment |
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Conformity increases |
Only to group of 4-5 |
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Out group homogeneity bias |
Out group members are similar |
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Social facilitation |
Confirm incorrect expectations by bringing out expected behaviours |
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Attitudes predict behaviour |
When aware & strongly held |
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Social loafing |
Exert less effort in a group |
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Out group derogation |
Attribute negative qualities |
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Personal attribution likely when |
Constancy high, low distinctiveness & consensus |
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Social identity theory |
Self concept derived from group membership |
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Critical reflexivity |
Examining views that influence professional behaviour |
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Cultural encapsulation |
Working with clients from ethnocentric protective, not considering cultural understanding |
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Culture |
Groups with things in common |
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Multicultural approach (diversity) |
Different aspirations & rights respected |
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NHMRC core element of respect |
Right to different beliefs, regard for welfare & heritage |
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id |
Innermost core, pleasure principle |
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Ego |
Primarily conscious, reality principle |
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Superego |
Morals & traditional values, from identification with others and operant conditioning |
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Lexical approach |
Traits defined by words & concepts used everyday |
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Eysenck's supertraits |
Comparable to extraversion & neuroticism. Postulates possible biological basis. |
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Measuring locus-of-control |
Internal-external scale |
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Collective unconscious construct |
Carl Jung: analytic psychology |
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Alfred Adler |
Motivation: overcoming shortcomings |
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OCEAN |
five factor model: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism |
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Cognitive affect personality system |
Inconsistency because different situations trigger different responses |
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Cultural constructions |
Influence interpretation of results |
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NHMRC reciprocity |
Respect participant's values |
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Etic & emic |
Differences across cultures & focus on one culture |
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marginalisation |
Disconnect from original & host culture |
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Collaborative yarning |
Sharing information about ideas |
