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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When does Common Law allow for the use of force? |
Common Law provides that reasonable force can be used to stop a breach of the peace or to prevent an imminent breach of the peace. Common law also provides for the use of reasonable force to save life. Self defence and the defence of others also comes under common law. This provides that if no more force is used than is reasonable to repel an attack, such force is not unlawful and no crime is committed. |
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What is Section 3 of the Criminal Law Act 1967? |
A person may use such force as is reasonable in the circumstances in the prevention of crime, or in the effecting or assisting in the lawful arrest of offenders or suspected offenders or persons unlawfully at large. |
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What does Section 76 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 say about use of force? |
For defending a criminal charge, self defence or a defence under Section 3 of The Criminal Law Act will be available to a person if they honestly believed it was necessary to use force and if the degree of force used was not disproportionate in the circumstances as they viewed them. The section sets out that a person who uses force is to be judged on the basis of the circumstances as they perceived them, that in the heat of the moment they will not be expected to have judged exactly what action was called for. A person is entitled to have their actions judged on the basis of their view of the facts as they honestly believed them to be, even if that belief was mistaken. |
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What does Article 2 of the Human Rights Act 1998 say about use of force? |
1) Everyone's right to life is protected by law. No one shall be deprived of his life intentionally, save in the execution of a sentence of a court following his conviction of a crime, for which this penalty is provided by law. 2) Deprivation of life shall not be regarded as inflicted in contravention of this Article when it results from the use of force which is no more than absolutely necessary; (a) In defence of any person from unlawful violence. (b) In order to affect a lawful arrest or to prevent the escape of a person lawfully detained. (c) In action lawfully taken for the purpose of quelling a riot or insurrection. |
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What is Section 117 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984? |
Where any provision within this act: (a) confers a power on a constable AND (b) Does not provide that the power may only be exercised with the consent of some person, other than a police officer the officer may use reasonable force if necessary in the exercise of the power. |
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What Three areas should you consider when deciding what action to take in a Conflict Management situation? |
Profiled Subject Behaviour. Impact Factors. Reasonable Officer Responses. |
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What are the 6 Subject Behaviour Profiles? |
Compliance. Verbal Resistance and Gestures. Passive Resistance. Active Resistance. Aggressive Resistance. Serious/ Aggravated Resistance. |
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Name 3 Officer Impact factors. |
Any three from: Gender, Age, Size of Officer. Strength of Officer. Skill level of Officer. Exhaustion of Officer. Injury of Officer. Number of Officers. Special knowledge of Officer. Officer's physiology. Officer's perception of non-verbal behaviour of the subject. Officer's perception of Imminent danger. Officer's perception of being in a disadvantaged position. Officer's perception of the subject's level of resistance. |
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Name 3 Subject Impact Factors |
Any three from:
Gender, age, size of subject. Strength of subject. Skill level of subject. Exhaustion of subject. Injury of subject. Number of subjects. Special knowledge of subjects. Alcohol consumed by the subject. Drugs taken by the subject. State of subject's mental health. Subject's physiology. Subject's perception of the non verbal behaviour of an officer. Subject's perception of imminent danger. Subject's perception of being in a disadvantaged position. Subject's perception of the officer's level of force. |
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What are the three Place Impact Factors? |
Environmental features. Crowds or venues in the immediate vicinity. Other dangers not immediately associated with the incident. |
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Starting with the lowest and ending on the highest uses of force, what are the Reasonable Officer Response Options? |
Presence. Tactical Communications. Primary Control Skills. (Restraints) Secondary Control Skills (Irritants/ Incapacitants). Defensive and Offensive Skills (Blocks/ Strikes/ Takedowns). Deadly Force. |
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What does the Mnemonic stand for: P L A N E |
P - Proportionate. L - Legal. A - Accountable. N - Necessary. E - Ethical. |
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What does the following Mnemonic stand for? L E A P S |
Listen. Empathise. Ask. Paraphrase. Summarise. |
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What are the steps of Five-Step? |
Ask. - "I require you to..." ..." Tell them why. Give Options. Confirm. - "Is there anything I can reasonably say to make you comply with my request?" Act. |
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What are the four conditions of Cooper's Colour Codes? |
Condition White. Switched Off. Condition Yellow. Switched On. Condition Orange. Evaluate and Decide. Condition Red. Fight or Flight. |
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What is a Reactionary Gap? |
A distance that gives an officer time to react and respond to aggression from a subject. Usually around 4-6 feet/ 2 Metres. |
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What doest the Mnemonic stand for: D R A B |
Dangers. Response. Airway. Breathing. |
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What does the Mnemonic stand for: A V P U |
Alert. Voice. Pain. Unresponsive. |
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What does the Mnemonic stand for? S A M P L E |
Signs and symptoms Allergies Medication Past medical history Last meal/ drink Events |
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What does the Mnemonic stand for? P E E P S |
Position Examine wound Elevate Pressure Shock |
