Principles Of Chemistry: Chemical Reactions And Bonding

Front 1

A _______ bond is formed when two atoms share electrons.

Back 1

COVALENT

Front 2

A bond which forms when one atom donates one or more electrons and another atom accepts the electrons is a _________ bond.

Back 2

IONIC

Front 3

_______ bond - a bond wherein both atoms complete their outer electron shells after one atom donates one or more electrons and another atom accepts the electrons.

Back 3

IONIC

Front 4

Atoms that accept electrons are known as _______ because their electrical charge changes from neutral to negative.

Back 4

NEGATIVE IONS

Front 5

Atoms that donate electrons are known as ______ because their electrical charge changes from neutral to positive.

Back 5

POSITIVE IONS

Front 6

True or false:

IONIC BONDS are STRONG.

Back 6

False

Front 7

The pH scale measures the ______ of a solution.

Back 7

acidity

Front 8

Solutions with pH 7 are ______.

Back 8

neutral

Front 9

Neutral solutions would have the pH of ___.

Back 9

7

Front 10

Solutions with pH values ______ 7 are acids.

Back 10

below

Front 11

Solutions with pH values ______ 7 are bases.

Back 11

above

Front 12

A chemical compound that releases H+ into a solution is called a(n) _____.

Back 12

acid

Front 13

Acid releases _________ (H+) to solutions, bases absorb H+.

Back 13

HYDROGEN IONS

Front 14

Hydrogen ions are absorbed by ________.

Back 14

bases.

Front 15

The strongest among the three types of bonds is a ________.

Back 15

COVALENT BOND

Front 16

Single covalent bond - ______ pairs of electrons shared.

Back 16

2

Front 17

Double covalent bond - ______ pairs of electrons shared.

Back 17

4

Front 18

Each covalent bond shares _____ electrons.

Back 18

2

Front 19

____________ bonds are STRONG and don't separate easily in water.

Back 19

covalent

Front 20

All four groups of organic compounds (CARBS, LIPIDS, PROTEINS, and NUCLEIC ACIDS) are formed from small molecules joined together by _________ bonds.

Back 20

covalent

Front 21

Nonpolar covalent bonds - electrons are shared _____ between atoms.

Back 21

equally

Front 22

Polar covalent bonds - electrons are ____ shared equally between atoms.

Back 22

not

Front 23

Because water molecules are _______, the positive end of the water molecule bonds to the negative end of a different water molecule, causing them to stick together.

Back 23

polar

Front 24

The connection between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water molecules is also called a __________.

Back 24

hydrogen bond

Front 25

Water dissolves more substances than any other liquid because of its ______ properties.

Back 25

polar

Front 26

A(n) _________ covalent bond is the type of bond found in a molecule that cannot dissolve in water.

Back 26

nonpolar

Front 27

A liquid with a pH of 3 is more _____ than a liquid with a pH of 8.

Back 27

acidic

Front 28

To neutralize a solution with a low pH, you should add a solution that is _______.

Back 28

basic