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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When does preeclampsia occur? |
-20wks after gestation -upto 6wks after delivery |
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What is preeclampsia |
It is new onset hypertension characterised by proteinuria |
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Risk factors for preeclampsia |
1st pregnancy Multiple gestations Maternal age >40yrs <16yrs Hx of chronic HTN Chronic renal disease Distance of >10yrs in btn pregnancies DM obesity Fam. Hx |
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Pathophysiology of preeclampsia |
The cause is abnormal development of the placenta Normaly during pregnancy the spiral arteries(utero placental arteries) dilates to provide adequate perfusion to fetus which is brought about by trophoblastic invasion . In preeclampsia the spiral arteries become fibrous & narrow therefore leading to less fetal perfusion. A hypoperfused placenta releases pro-inflammatory proteins in2 the mother's circulation causing endothelial cell dysfunction that causes vasoconstriction & also affects the kidneys in a way that makes them retain more salt both these result in hypertension. |
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Aftermath of severe preeclampsia |
1. HELLP syndrome H- hemolysis E- elevated L- liver enzymes L- low P- platelets This is because injury to the epithelial cells causes formation of multiple thrombi (uses up platelets), &these thrombi trap and break red cells (hemolysis), & elevated liver enzymes because of poor liver perfusion 2. Generalised edema, pulmonary edema, cerebral edema due to damage of the endothelium causing leakage & missmatch of the starling forces due to low protein from proteinuria. The cerebral edemal presents w headaches, confusion and seizures ( eclampsia) |
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Treatment |
1.Delivery of the fetus & placenta cause the placenta is the stem of the problem 2.manage symptoms after delivery 3. Additional measures, supplemental oxygen, medication |
