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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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According to the United States Census Bureau, which minority group will be the largest among school-age students in 2050? |
Hispanics (Hispanics will be, by far, the largestminority group among school-age students,comprising almost 30 percent of thatpopulation). |
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The school psychologist is attending a meeting for Miguel, akindergarten student who has been refusing to come toschool. The teacher reports that when Miguel does cometo school he frequently complains of not feeling well andasks to go home. Of the following options, which should beexplored first and would likely result in the most favorableoutcome for Miguel? |
= Contact Miguel’s parents to discuss the problem anddevelop interventions. (Research shows that the more schools reach out andengage parents, the more students experience increasedattendance. Contacting the parents and discussing thesituation may provide insight as to why the child isavoiding school and will involve the parents as importantmembers of the team. Also, by including the parents, arelationship may develop so the parents feel comfortablesharing important information with the team about thechild’s home life). |
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Which of the following is an example of observer drift? A. A school psychologist is more careful about the observations hemakes when being watched by a supervisor. B. A school psychologist unintentionally changes the standardsbeing used to code a behavior over time. C. A school psychologist unintentionally cues a child nonverbally,which inadvertently changes the behaviors being observed. D. A school psychologist fails to note that the device she is using torecord observation data has malfunctioned. |
B= Observer drift occurs when, over a periodof time, there is an unintentional,systematic change in the operativedefinition of the behaviors that are beingobserved. |
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All of the following types of thinking are considered specificproblem-solving skills that relate to a child’s ability toadjust to everyday social situations EXCEPT A. alternative-solutions B. means-end C. inconsequential D. causal |
C = Problem-solving skills that relate to adjustment includealternative-solutions thinking, or the ability to come upwith unrelated solutions to a problem; means-endthinking, or awareness of the intermediate steps requiredto achieve a particular goal; consequential thinking, or theability to identify what may happen as a direct result ofacting in a particular way or choosing a particular solution;and causal thinking, or the ability to relate one event toanother over time and to understand why one event led toa particular action. |
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Dr. Jones, a school psychologist, is reviewingdata on the number of hours that schoolpsychologists in his school district spent indirect service over the past five years. Henotes that the time spent in one-on-onecontact with students nearly doubled over thattime period. Which of the following areplausible explanations for the change in direct-contact hours? Select all that apply. A. Teachers are making more referrals because theirfamiliarity with school psychologists is increasing. B. Symptoms are being identified more frequently becauseof training and experience among staff members. C. Students are more likely to seek advice from their schoolcounselor. D. School psychologists prefer doing one-on-one workwith the students, so they are doing more of it. |
Correct Answer: A, B, D The school psychologists in Dr. Jones’ schoolmay be experiencing a greater amount of one-on-one time with students because of agreater number of teacher referrals becauseincreased training means that staff isrecognizing symptoms earlier, or because theschool psychologists enjoy meeting thestudents and encourage them to come in. |
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A particular behavior modification programbegins with a baseline period of observation.Then the experimental contingency isintroduced so that a certain level ofperformance is required to earn reinforcement.When performance consistently meets orsurpasses that criterion over a few days, thecriterion is made more stringent. This procedureis repeated. Which of the following research designs isdescribed above? A. Multiple baselines B. Alternation or simultaneous treatment C. Changing criterion D. Reversal |
Correct Answer: C The changing-criterion design begins with a baseline period ofobservation. After baseline, the experimental contingency isintroduced so that a certain level of performance is requiredto earn reinforcement. For example, the behavior may haveto be performed a certain number of times per day to earnthe reinforcer. When performance consistently meets orsurpasses that criterion over a few days, the criterion ismade more stringent. The criterion is repeatedly changeduntil the goal is achieved. |
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According to John Salvia and James Ysseldyke,which of the following is a matter of experientialbackground rather than a matter of gender, skincolor, race, or ethnic background? A. Cultural competence B. Cultural awareness C. Acculturation D. Immersion |
Correct Answer: C According to Salvia and Ysseldyke,differences in the experiential backgroundaffect acculturation, the process ofadopting another culture’s behaviors andbeliefs. |
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Ms. Peterson, a special education teacher, teaches English tostudents with intellectual disabilities who cannot keep upwith the regular education class. She observes that many ofher students have problems with handwriting, so sheconsiders taking her class to the school’s computer lab toshow them how to use a simple word-processing programfor English writing assignments. When she contacts theteacher responsible for scheduling the lab, she is told that“in accordance with school policy, special education classesare not allowed to use the computer lab because thestudents are too likely to damage the expensive equipment.”This conduct is a direct policy violation of which of thefollowing? A. Individuals with Disabilities EducationImprovement Act (IDEA, 2004) B. Family Educational Rights and PrivacyAct of 1974 (FERPA) C. The students’ Individualized EducationPrograms (IEP) D. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of1973 |
Correct Answer: D Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act specifically prohibitsschools from discriminating on the basis of disability inproviding any aid, benefit, or service, either directly orthrough contractual arrangements. Schools must affordstudents with a disability equal opportunity to obtain thesame results, gain the same benefit, or reach thesame level of achievement, in the most integrated settingappropriate to the student's needs. The school’s policy ofbarring special education classes from the school’scomputer lab is clearly a violation of Section 504. |
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A school psychologist using problem-solvingconsultation should first do which of thefollowing to help a teacher decrease the numberof times a child refuses to follow instructions? A. Encourage the teacher to establish a relationshipwith the student B. Develop a relationship with the student C. Develop a relationship with the teacher D. Collect data on the target behavior |
Correct Answer: C The relationship between the schoolpsychologist (consultant) and teacher(consultee) plays a major role in theeffectiveness of consultation services.Consultations should begin with thedevelopment of this relationship. The development of a good working relationship with theconsultee helps ensure the success of theplanned interventions. |
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Andrew, a fifth-grade student, is often late forschool. He typically falls asleep during morningclasses, and he is failing reading and math. Theschool psychologist believes that the best way tohelp him is to foster home-school collaboration.What activity could the school psychologistperform at the family level to address Andrew’sproblems in school? A. Providing in-services to school personnel onpartnering with families B. Participating on a team for promoting andimplementing home-school collaboration C. Writing a school mission statement that reflectsattitudes toward partnering and buildingrelationships with families D. Working with community resources tocoordinate services for the family |
Correct Answer: D Working with community resources isthe only option that is performed atthe family level. |
