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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Bill of Rights
the first 10 amendments to the US constitution ratified in 1791; they ensure certain rights and liberties to the people.
First Amendment
"Congress shall make no law....." exclusive to the national government
Second Amendment
"the right of people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed."
Fifth Amendment
"no person shall.... be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb."
Does the Bill of Rights put limits on the state government as well as national?
Supreme Court first answered in 1833 by ruling the Bill of Rights limited only the national government.

but in 1868 it arose again this we have the FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT. (STATES Bill of Rights)
Fourteenth Amendment
no state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge th privelages or immunities of the citizens of the United States. no state shall deprive any person of life , liberty , or property without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
within 5 years of ratification of the fourteenth amendment, the court was making decisions as though......?
as though the amendment had never been adopted.
First change in Civil Liberties since adopting the fourteenth amendment?
1897 Supreme Court held that the due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment did in fact prohibit States from taking property for a public use without just compensation
When was the next expansion of civil liberties the 14th amendment?
1925 when the Supreme Court held that freedom of speech is " among the fundamental personal rights and liberties protected by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment from impairment by the states"
What did the Supreme Court ad in 1931 to the bill?
The court added freedom of the press to that short list of freedoms protected by the Bill of Rights from state action
What was added in 1939 to the Bill of Rights
Freedom of assembly
Palko vs Connecticut
In this case a Connecticut Court had found Frank Pellico guilty of second-degree murder and sentenced him to life in prison however the state of Connecticut appeal the conviction to its highest court and won the appeal getting a new trial and succeeding to get Pelco convicted of first-degree murder


The point of this case is taco appealed to the Supreme Court on an open and shut case of double jeopardy which is prohibited by the Fifth Amendment however they decided that double jeopardy was not one of the provisions of the Bill of the states
How many years did it take for the court to nationalize the constitutional protection against double jeopardy
More than 30 years
Selective incorporation
The process by which different protections in the Bill of Rights were incorporated into the Fourteenth Amendment thus guaranteeing citizens protection from state as well as national governments
until 1961
Only the First Amendment and one clause of the Fifth Amendment had been clearly incorporated into the Fourteenth Amendment as binding on the states as well as on the government