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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is pollination?
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The transfer of the male gamete(pollen) to the female part of the flower (stigma)
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What is Self-pollination?
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When pollen is transferred from anther to the stigma of the same plant.
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What is Cross-Pollination?
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When pollen is transferred from one plant to a different plant.
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Two different methods of transferring pollen?
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1. Insect pollination: the colorful, scented petals attract the insects. The anthers and stigma inside the flower are there to make sure insects rub against them. Pollen is sticky and sticks to insects.
2. Wing Pollination: wind pollinated flowers have anthers outside the flower so pollen can be spread easily by the wind. They produce lots of pollen and have feathery stigma to catch the pollen. |
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What are insects attracted by?
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- Nectar (sugary liquid at the base of a petal.
-Color (Big, brightly colored petals) -Scented flowers |
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Characteristics of wind-pollinated plants?
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- Small, inconspicuous
- No nectar - Flowers arranged so pollen can be blown away by wind - Stigmas large and exposed to receive pollen - Pollen is small, lightweight, produced in vast quantities - Plants often grow in clumps |
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Process of Fertilization
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1. When it reaches the stigma, the pollen absorbs sugar and water, swells and grows a tube.
2. The tube grows down the style and the ovary towards the ovule. 3. The tube secretes enzymes to enable it to digest a pathway through the style. 4. The pollen tube grows through a small hole in the wall of the ovule called a MICROPYLE. 5. The nucleus of the pollen grain (the male gamete) travels down the tube, into the ovule and fuses with the female gamete. |
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After fertilization, the ovary becomes a...
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Fruit.
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Function of fruit in a plant?
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1. protect seeds while they ripen
2. Help disperse the seeds |
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After fertilization, the ovules become...
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Seeds.
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What happens to a seed after fertilization?
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Water is withdrawn, they have a hard coating around them to protect them from drying out completely and from getting scratched by the soil.
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Why are seeds dispersed?
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- To avoid competition from parent plant for space, light and water.
- To colonize new areas |
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Four ways seeds are dispersed?
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- Wind, seeds like fly saucers.
- Explosive Mechanism - Water - Animals- eat fruit, carry a long way, dump out with fertilizers. |
