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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name the 4 genus in the family myrtaceae |
- eucalyptus -Melaleuca -Callistemon -Leptospermum |
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What is the name of the 'pea' family? |
Fabaceae |
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What are the 3 genus in the family Fabaceae? |
- acacia: yellow wattle looking - Hardenbergia -Indigofera |
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what are the 2 genus in the family Rutaceae? |
Citrus Correa |
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What is the common name for the family rutaceae? |
Citrus family |
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What are the 4 genus in the Proteacae family? |
Banksia Grevillea Telopea Hakea |
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What is name of the 'daisy' family? |
Asteraceae |
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What is the name of the mint family? |
Lamiaceae |
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What are the 2 genus in the family Lamiaceae? |
Prostanthera Westringia |
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What family is Eucalyptus (gum tree)? |
Myrtaceae: woody capsules -solitary flowers or in clusters |
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Characteristics of Melaleuca and what family? |
Myrteaceae family: compound flowers in a spike |
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Characteristics of Callistemon and what family |
Myrtaceae: Compound flowers in a spike (bottle brushes) 5 petals and 5 sepals |
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Characteristics of Leptospermum and name the family? |
Myrtaceae (tea tree): white flowers - flowers solitary or in clusters of 2 |
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What is so unique about the Fabaceae family? |
Pea shaped flower: papillanaceous flowers (5 petals) |
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Characteristics of the Proteaceae family? |
Leathery, lobed leaves. |
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What family does the genus Banksia belong to and name charateristics? |
Proteaceae: terminal spike of flowers (candle-like cone). Golden/orange/red |
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Characteristics of Grevilliea and family |
Proteaceae: leathery follcile flowers arrange in racemes red and yellow: bulb type. |
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Characteristic of Telopea and family |
Waratah: in Proteaceae family: with a cluster of 10-240 flowers. Bright red to deep pink stout erect shrub up to 4m dark green leathery leaves, lighter on the bottom |
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Characteristics of Hakea and family |
Proteaceae: flowers in cluster, in the axil of a leaf. Pin cushion... Leaf is the same colour, top and bottom. Lumpy seeds |
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Characteristics of Asteraceae |
Daisy family: flowers heads surrounded by bracts. pollinated by insects. Variety of colours: yellow, orange, pinks and whites |
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Characteristics of family Casuarinaceae |
She oak-family. Scale-like leaves in whorls needle-like fruit is the cone |
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Characteristics of Ericaceae? |
Heath family: 5 petals united. Tubular flowers with some dense hairs. Alternate leaves. Red root of flower with lighter tips |
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Characteristics of orchidaceae |
Orchid family: waxy rubbery stick alternate leaves Zygomorphic flower |
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Characteristics of Laminaceae: |
Square stems leaves opposite and aromatic zygomorphic flowers |
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Genus Prostanthera family and characteristics |
Laminaceae: leaves opposite and smells minty when crushed. Deep purple leaves. Round leaves and cup shaped flower |
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Genus Westringia family and characteristics |
Leaves in a whorl of 3-4 white or purple flowers or light purple with orange dots dry/rough/hairy leaves |
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Characteristics of Malcaveae |
Alternate leaves, single often palmate large fruit capsule: pee pod look-alike |
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Common name for the Poaceae family? |
Grass family |
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Characteristics of the Poaceae family |
Leaf sheath is open. Florets with brackets. Hollow round stem. Little corn: farmer chew them peel back and theres more corn spiklet with 3 bracts |
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Characteristics of the Juncaceae family |
(rush family): sold stem (spongy) and cyindrical. Clumps, sporadic distribution. Flowers with 6 tepals (in 2 whorls), 3-6 stamen stem: bottom: dark green- light green- top: brown |
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Characteristics of the family Cyperaceae |
Sedge family: sedges have edges - flattened or triangular stem floret has one bracket discoloured floret: gold/brown- stiff |
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Characteristics of family Xanthorrhoeceae |
Grass tree family: mature plants with trunk - leaves rigid forming tufts - flowers in tall woody spiked |
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Species found in the Porifera phylym |
Sponges: medusa and polyps (forms( |
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Unique characteristic of the phylum Cniadara? |
Cnidocytes (stinging cells): jelly fish, sea anemones, and coral |
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Species in Anthozoa and which phylum |
stony corals (grow on substrates), belong to the phylum cnidaria with no medusa |
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Species in Scyphozoa class and which phylum |
True jelly fish: in cnidaria |
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Species in Hydrozoa class and which phylum |
Freshwater jellyfish (hydra) |
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Main point about phylum Platyhelminthes |
Platyhelminthes are free-living flatworms |
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which phylum does the class turbellaria fit? |
Platyhelminthes |
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Species in class Trematoda and which phylum |
Endoparasitic fluke: platyhelminthes |
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Species in class cestoda and which phylum |
Parasitic tape worms (Taenia saginata): platyhelminthes |
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What do the Nemertea phylum look like |
Look like ribbon worms |
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Species in the class Polychaeta and which phylum |
Leeches: Annelida |
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Species in class Oligochaeta and which phylum |
Marine worms: annelida |
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Features found in the phylum Mollusca |
Muscular foot, visceral mass, mantle and radulla |
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Species in class Polyplacophora and which Phylum |
Chitons: mollusca |
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Species in class Bivalvia and which phylum |
Clams and muscles: mollusca |
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Species in class Gastropoda and which phylum |
Snails: mollusca |
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Species in class Cephalopoda and which phylum |
Squid, octopus, cuttlefish: mollusca |
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Features of the phylum Nematoda |
Unsegmented worms: mouth to anus digestive system |
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Special features of Arthropoda phylum |
Metamorphism and complex adaptation |
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What is taxonomy? |
classification of animals. Linneaus. Hierarchical system. Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. Reflects historic relationships. |
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What is species Nomenclature |
Name of species. Two latin words. First is genus, and second is species. Genus+ species= latin binomial. Genus capitalized. Whole name italics |
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What is systematics |
Evolutionary relationship between species. (phylogeny) Modern systematics reflect the evolutionary history. Oldest taxon occupies the lowest branches of the phylogenic tree: youngest taxon in terms of evolution, the upper most branch |
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What is a cladogram |
Diagram that depicts evolutionary relationships among groups based on phylogeny. |
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Define cladistics |
form of analysis that looks at features of organisms considered to be innovations, or newer features: derived characteristics |
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Difference between cladograms and phylogenic trees |
Both cladograms and phylogenic tree show relationship between organisms, only phylogenic trees have branches that represent evolutionary time and amount of chang |
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What are the levels of cellular organisation |
Unicellular, cellular aggregate, cell-tissue, tissue-organ and organ system |
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what are the 2 Forms of symmetry |
Radial of bilateral (head, cephalised) |
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What are the 4 classes in the phylum cnidaria |
Hydrozoa, scyphozoa, Cubozoa and Anthozoa. Name a species in each class |
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What kind of body plan does a cnidaria have? |
Diploblastic body plan with 2 germ layers |
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4 classes in the phylum cnidaria |
Hydrozoa, scyphozoa, Cubozoa and Anthozoa. Name a species in each class |
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What kind of body plan does a cnidaria have? |
Diploblastic body plan with 2 germ layers |
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What cells are unique to Cnidarians? |
Cnidocytes- stinging cells found in the epidermis |
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What are the 4 classes found in the phylum platyhelminthes? |
Turbellaria (free living flatworm), Monogene (ectoparasitic flukes), trematoda (endoparasitic flukes) and Cestoda (parasitic tapeworms). |
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What kind of symmetry do platyhelminthes have? |
Bilateral symmerty. |
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What kind of symmetry do platyhelminthes have? |
Bilateral symmerty. |
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What kind of body plan does platyhelmintnes have? |
Body plan is acoelomate: tripoblastic body plan- three germ layers |
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What level of cellular organisation is platyhelminthes? |
Organ-system level |
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What level of cellular organisation is platyhelminthes? |
Organ-system level |
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Are nematodes segmented or segmented? |
Unsegmented |
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What level of cellular organisation is platyhelminthes? |
Organ-system level |
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Are nematodes segmented or segmented? |
Unsegmented |
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What kind of body cavity do nematodes have? |
Pseudocoelom: cavity between endoderm and mesoderm. Not a true coelom |
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What kind of digestive tract do nematodes have? |
Complete mouth to anus digestive tract. |
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Unique characteristics of the phylum mollusca |
-muscular foot, visceral mass, mantle that secretes the shell, and a radulla |
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Unique characteristics of the phylum mollusca |
-muscular foot, visceral mass, mantle that secretes the shell, and a radulla |
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What are the 4 classes in mollusca? |
Polyplacophora (chitons), gastropoda (snails), bivalvia (clams, muscles) and cephalopoda (squids, octopua and cuttlefish) |
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What kind of body plan do molluscs have? |
Coelomate body cavity in which the cavity is enclosed by mesoderm |
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Are annelids segmented or unsegmented? |
Segmented |
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Are annelids segmented or unsegmented? |
Segmented |
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What kind of body plan do annelids have? |
True coelom, and triploblastic body plan |
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Are annelids segmented or unsegmented? |
Segmented |
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What kind of body plan do annelids have? |
True coelom, and triploblastic body plan |
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What is the class polychaeta (annelids) subclass? |
Hirudinea (leeches) and Oligochaeta (freshwater and marine worms) |
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Are echinoderms protostomia or deuterstomia? |
Deuterostomia |
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What is a unique characteristic of Echinodermata? |
They have a water vascular system that controls the action of suction forming tube feet. |
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What are the 4 classes of Echinoderms? |
Asteroidea (sea stars), Ophiuroidea (brittle stars), Echinodea (sea urchins, sand dollars) and Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers). |
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What is the difference between complete metamorphosis and incomplete metamorphosis? |
Metamorphosis: there is a resting stage between the larval and adult stage (pupal stage): adult and larvae look very different. Incomplete metamorphosis: larvae and adults look similar. They molt |
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What is a survival advantage of complete metamorphosis? |
Survival advantage. Compete for different food, therefore they also have different predators and stages of life |
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Why don't terrestrial arthropods have gills? |
terrestrial arthropods rely on diffusion through tiny holes in the trachea. Also have tiny spiracles on the abdomen |
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List some of the external features of a locust |
- antennae, mouthparts, two large compound eyes, and 3 simple (ocelli) eyes. The head is made of 6 fused segments. |
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What are the names of the locuts upper and lower lips? |
Upper: labrum Lower: labium |
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On arthropods which segment bears the wings and legs? |
Thorax |
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Are arthropods protostomia or deutrostomia? |
coelomate protostomes |
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Do arthropods exhibit segmentation? |
yes |
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What kind of skeleton do arthropods have? |
Exoskeleton covered by a cuticle |
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What are the 5 classes in Arthropods |
Trilobita (trilobites), Merostomata (horseshoe crabs), Arachnida (spiders, mites, scorpians ticks), Diplopoda (millipedes) and Chilopoda (centipedes). |
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What are the 2 subphyla in Arthropods? |
Insecta (insects) and Crustacea (shrimps, crabs etc). |
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Define bio-assessment? |
Is where you use the type of animals present in an environment to tell us about whether the environment is in good of bad condition. Bio-assessment works because animals have different tolerances to pollution |
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what happens if two solutions are isotonic? |
The movement of water is equal in both directions |
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What happens is two solutions differ in tonicity? |
The net flow of water is from the hypotonic to the hypertonic solution |
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What is osmoregulation? |
regulates the solute concentrations and balance the gain and loss of water |
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What are osmoconformers? |
Consist of most marine invertebrates. They are isotonic with their surrounding and do not regulate their tonicity |
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What are osmoregulators? |
They expend energy to control water uptake and loss in a hypertonic or hypotonic environment |
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Most marine invertebrates are...? |
Osmoconformers |
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Most marine vertebrates are..? |
Osmoregulators |
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What are the names and characteristics of the 4 types of scales? |
-placoid: sharks and rays: sharp and pointy -ganoid: plate like scale found in sturgeons and gars -Cycloid: circular: overlap. carp and salmons -ctenoid: spines on the end (similar to cycloid). Common on fish that have spiny fine rays |
