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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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notochord |
hollow cartilaginous tube that stiffens the body |
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developmentally the notochord |
is modified by making it a bony structure *see picture drawn* |
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what 4 features define chordata |
1. Notochord 2. post anal tail 3. single dorsal nerve cord 4. pharangeal pouches
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Define pharangeal pouches |
(invagination of ectoderm joining endoderm forming "pouches" literally slits. usually heavily modified) |
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jaws |
bones that manipulate mouths
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1 pharyngeal pouch |
= jaws in jawed forms.
(add blood vessells, muscles, gills, in aquatic form) |
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in humans (pharyngeal pouches) |
1st pouch= jaws and eustachian tubes
2nd pouch= tonsils 3rd= parathyroid gland 4th= thymus gland 5th and 6th = pharnyx |
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3 sub phyla |
1) Cephalochordata 2) Urochordata 3) Vertebrata |
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<pattern> |
tripoblastic
bilateral cephalized deuterostomate eucoelumate segmented animals with tagmata |
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Sub-Phylum Cephalochordata |
notochord projects in head common name is sea lancelet/ amphioxious "big 4" present throughout life |
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Sub-Phylum Urochordata |
notochord projects into tail "big 4" only present in larvae |
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Sub-Phylum Vertebrata |
have an extra cartilaginous bony structure that covers nerve cord
broken into 2 large groups: agnatha and gnathostomata |
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Super Class Agnatha |
first vertebrates. jawless. ~ 500mil yrs ago Ostracoderms |
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Super Class Gnathostomata |
first jawed vertebrae, 420 mill yrs ago.Placodermite. |
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Class Chondrichthyes |
sharks and rays. skeleton is mostly cartilage and lack a swim bladder. swim bladder is an organ of bovyanacy homologous to lungs |
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Class Osteichthyes |
skeleton is mostly bone. all have swim bladder. 2 sub classes. |
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Sub-Class Actinopterygii |
have extra bones called rays that project into through the fins. primitive.
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Sub-Class Sarcopterygii |
no rays and have bones at the base of the fins |
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Agnatha + Placoderms + Amphibia +Osteichthyes + Chondrichthyes = |
Anamniotes |
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Class Reptilia |
2 sub classes. eggs are known definitely ammiotic. |
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Sub-Class Synapsida |
one pair temporal finestra to mammals |
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Sub-Class Diapsida |
temporal finestra |
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Sub-Class Anapsida |
no temporal finestra |
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Class Aves |
diapsid archosaurian reptiles feathers not unique 3d sternum unique curculal is unique hollow bones homeothermic physiology "warm blooded" |
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Class Mammalia |
mammary glands for nourishing the young. Hair <4 features of mammalian skin> synapsid reptiles that have traditionally been elevated to class status Hair, mammary glands, homeothermic physiology, |
