Pharm Thyroid & Antithyroid Drugs

Front 1

In Graves' disease, the cause of the hyperthyroidism is the production of an AB that?

Back 1

Activates the thyroid gland TSH receptor and stimulates thyroid hormone synthesis and release.

Front 2

The decision is made to begin treatment hyperthyroidism with methimazole. Methimazole reduces serum concentration of T3 by?

Back 2

Preventing the addition of iodine to tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin.

Front 3

Though rare, a serious toxicity associated with the thioamides is?

Back 3

Agranulocytosis, vasculities, hepatic damage, and hypoprothrombinemia.

Front 4

In the treatment of thyroid storm, it is important to use antithyroid drugs with a rapid onset of activity. A rapidly acting antithyroid drug That blocks the conversion of T4 to T3 is?

Back 4

Diatrizoate, an iodinated radiocontrast medium that inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 --> T3

Front 5

A drug that is a useful adjuvant in the treatment of thyroid storm is?

Back 5

Propranolol, which can control tachycardia and other cardiac abnormalities and also inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 --> T3

Front 6

A symptom that would be expected to occur in the event of chronic overdoes with exogenous T4 is?

Back 6

Metabolic rate increases, even though there is increased appetite, weight loss often occurs.

Front 7

When initiating T4 therapy for an elderly PT with long-standing hypothyroidism, it is important to begin with small doses to avoid?

Back 7

Overstimulation of the heart. Those with long-standing hypothyroidism, especially the elderly, are highly sensitive to T4 effects on cardiac function.

Front 8

What is produced in the peripheral tissues when T4 is administered?

Back 8

T3

Front 9

What is the radiocontrast medium that is also useful in thyrotoxicosis?

Back 9

Diatrizoate

Front 10

What produces a permanent reduction in thyroid activity?

Back 10

I^131--radioactive iodine.

Front 11

Most widely used thyroid drugs such as Synthroid and Levoxyl contain?

Back 11

L-thyroxine (T4)

Front 12

Synthetic T4?

Back 12

Levothyroxine

Front 13

T3 compound less widely used

Back 13

Cytomel and liothyronine (T3 as well, shorter half-life than levothyroxine and more expensive)

Front 14

Anti-thyroid drugs

Back 14

Thioamides, iodides, radioactive iodine, and ipodate

Front 15

Thioamide agents used in hyperthyroidism

Back 15

Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)

Front 16

Thioamide less likely to cross placenta, inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 in high doses, and should be used with extreme caution in pregnancy

Back 16

propylthiouracil

Front 17

propylthiouracil MOA?

Back 17

Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin

Front 18

Can be effective for short term therapy of thyroid storm, but after several weeks of therapy causes an exacerbation of hyperthyroidism

Back 18

Iodide salts

Front 19

Dose may need to be increased during pregnancy or with Ocs due to increased TBG in plasma

Back 19

Thyroxine

Front 20

Permanently cures thyrotoxicosis, patients will need thyroid replacement therapy thereafter. Contraindicated in pregnancy

Back 20

Radioactive iodine

Front 21

Radio contrast media that inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3

Back 21

Ipodate, diatrizoate, or iohexol

Front 22

Block cardiac adverse effects of thyrotoxicosis such as tachycardia, inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3

Back 22

Beta-blockers such as propranolol

Front 23

Vitamins containing iron should NOT be taken simultaneously with levothyroxine because

Back 23

Iron deiodinates thyroxine

Front 24

Thyroxine dose may need to be increased in hypothyroid patient during pregnancy because?

Back 24

Estogens increase maternal TBG