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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the chemical structure of anesthetics?
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an aromatic group linked to an amine
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what types of bonds are found in anesthetics?
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- ester bond
- amide bond |
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list ester anesthetics
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- procaine
- tetracaine - benzocaine (topical) - cocaine (vasoconstrictor) |
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list amide anesthetics
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- bupivicaine
- lidocaine - mepivacaine - etidocaine |
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what is the hydrophobicity of the molecule determined by?
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the alkyl substituents on the amine
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where do local anesthetics bind?
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to Na channels from the inside of the membrane
- bind to inactive and open channels which predominate in the depolarized state |
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what is use-dependent blockade?
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prefer to bind to inactive and open Na channels wich predominate in depolarized states.
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what is so good about use-dependent blockade?
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only targets diseased myocytes (cardiac arrhythmias) and pain neurons (which fire more during pain sensations
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what can you use to treat arrhythmia in the heart?
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lidocaine
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where are nocireceptor cell bodies located?
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- DRG or in trigeminal ganglion for facial innervation
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