Pharm Exam 3, 2014

Front 1

Are generally bacteriostatic, under certain conditions (such as high concentrations) may be bacteriocidal

Back 1

Sulfas

Front 2

Sulfas are structural analogs of :

Back 2

PABA

Front 3

Para amino benzoic acid

Back 3

PABA

Front 4

Sulfas interfere with bacterial synthesis of ______ from PABA

Back 4

Folic acid

Front 5

Sulfas are synergistic with:

Back 5

Trimethoprim

Front 6

Bacteria start with PABA to make folate so we fool it to start with the wrong:

Back 6

Substrate (sulfa)

Front 7

There is a delay in the _____ of the bacteria b/c they have a store of folate to use

Back 7

Arrestment

Front 8

Once the bacteria have used all of their stored folate, sulfas stop _______ of bacteria

Back 8

New synthesis

Front 9

There is _____ interaction between the PABA that the bacteria need to use and the sulfa we give them.

Back 9

Competitive

Front 10

Alterations in enzyme which utilizes PABA so that PABA is a better substrate

Back 10

Mechanism of sulfa resistance

Front 11

Increased capacity to destroy or inactivate the drug

Back 11

Mechanism of sulfa resistance

Front 12

Alternative metabolic pathway for synthesis of essential metabolites

Back 12

Mechanism of sulfa resistance

Front 13

Increased synthesis of PABA (as much as 70 x's greater levels in some strains)

Back 13

Mechanism of sulfa resistance (main)

Front 14

Bacteria can ______ the synthesis of the precursor that they need (PABA)

Back 14

Upregulate

Front 15

Sulfa can enter the _____ whereas PCN cannot

Back 15

CNS

Front 16

Sulfa can also enter the ______ or can be used topically for eye infections. Also accumulates in _____.

Back 16

Aqueous humor; joints

Front 17

Sulfa is common to use to tx UTI b/c it ______ in the renal tract

Back 17

Accumulates

Front 18

Sulfa undergoes hepatic metabolism at the:

Back 18

N-4 position

Front 19

Sulfa undergoes protein binding, so it can displace ______ from protein binding sites

Back 19

Bilirubin

Front 20

Bilirubin that has been displaced can cause :

Back 20

Toxic effects

Front 21

Sulfa: principal of independent solubility

Back 21

Urinary tract crystallization

Front 22

We either hydrate or _________ the sulfa so urinary tract crystallization does occur

Back 22

Neutralize the pH

Front 23

Sulfa can cause _______ rxns

Back 23

Hypersensitivity

Front 24

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency leads to ______ in some pts who take sulfa

Back 24

Hemolytic anemia

Front 25

Displacement of bilirubin in newborns can cause:

Back 25

CNS damage

Front 26

Sulfas can be used for UTIs, systemic infections, topical infections and:

Back 26

Pulmonary lesions and brain abscesses

Front 27

Principle of independent solubility states that:

Back 27

Each sulfa acts like it is alone in aqueous solution

Front 28

At some concentrations sulfa will crystallize. However the ______ leads us to not be worried about this

Back 28

Principle of independent solubility

Front 29

You give _____ of sulfa types to equal the total dose needed to prevent crystallization

Back 29

Combinations

Front 30

Analog of dihydrofolate (intermediate in synthesis of reduced floats)

Back 30

Trimethoprim