Period 6 First Vocab

Front 1

National Congress Party

Back 1

Indian nationalist group made up of mostly western educated Indians. Used respect gained from the British to fight for rights for the Indians. Later became the leaders of the movement for Indian self rule. (Stearns ch 33)

Front 2

Treaty of Versailles

Back 2

Harsh treaty imposed by the "Big 4" allied powers on Germany after WWI. The loss of territory, prestige, and particularly the war reparations imposed angered the German population. Resulted in the rise of Nazism and anti-Semitism in Germany, and almost directly caused WWII via the rise of Hitler. Also furthered Allied control over colonies in the middle east, breaking promises made to the Arabs. (Class notes wwi outcomes)

Front 3

Zionist Movement

Back 3

Movement that fought for a Jewish homeland in Palestine. Gained popularity after wwi due to persecution of jews and promises made by the British. Ultimately resulted in the formation of Israel after WWII. (Stearns ch 33)

Front 4

Fascism

Back 4

A form of militant nationalism established first by Benito Mussolini. Demanded complete loyalty to the nation, to the point of death, from the population. Fascism in Italy and Germany propelled the world into WWII through its militarism. (Class notes interwar)

Front 5

Lenin's new economic policy

Back 5

Plan to semi-nationalize business by strict state control of privately owned business. It was the beginning of complete communism that would be instituted under Stalin later. (Class notes interwar)

Front 6

The global depression

Back 6

Resulting from a stock market crash in the US and inflation around the world from over production. Led to weakened economies around the world, loss of employment, industry, etc.. Used partially as a rallying cry for the Nazis, who were quick to recover germany from the depression via remilitarization. (Class notes inter war, Stearns ch 34)

Front 7

Stalin's five year plans

Back 7

Plans to industrialize Russia quickly so as to catch up with the world powers. Resulted in Russia being launched from mostly agricultural before the revolution to the 3rd strongest industrial power by the 1930s. (Class notes interwar)

Front 8

Total War

Back 8

A form of war involving civilians in addition to the military through bombardments etc. WWI and WWII were the first total wars in history, and contributed to complete involvement of a nation in a conflict, as well as direct attacks on supplies. (Stearns ch 35)

Front 9

Indigenism

Back 9

Sense of pride in a native heritage of a nation. Indigenismin Mexico contributed to a new constitution after the Mexican Revolution, and widespread nationalism relating to their heritage (Class notes interwar)

Front 10

Self-Determination

Back 10

Essentially self rule, encouraged people of single ethnicities to rule over themselves with their own nation. Concept led to many independence movements among colonies and empires (amsco ch

25)

Front 11

Churchill

Back 11

British politician who predicted the threat of the nazis. After becoming PM, he led Britain through the battle of Britain and, in addition to the royal family, was essential to the prevention of a British morale collapse. He led britain to victory in WWII after the BoB. (Stearns ch 35)

Front 12

Apartheid

Back 12

Racist movement in south Africa instituted when the white Afrikaner population was given total control of the government. Resulted in excessive racism, and made South Africa the last African dominated nation to be ruled by a white minority. (Stearns ch 35)

Front 13

Battle of Britain

Back 13

Aerial operation executed by the Luftwaffe meant to weaken British morale before an amphibious invasion. Steadfast British morale, sustained by Churchill and the royal family, prevented British collapse and preserved democracy in western Europe (Stearns ch 35)

Front 14

Potsdam confrence

Back 14

First post war meeting of the allied leaders. Caused abandonment of democracy in eastern Europe and North Korea since the Soviets had occupied it. Set stage for conflicts in Europe and Korea during the cold war (Stearns ch 35)

Front 15

Yalta confrence

Back 15

Meeting of the three allied leaders during wwii. Agreed upon the creation of the UN and the Partition of germany, though tensions grew over how germany would be punished (Stearns ch 35)

Front 16

Jomo Kenyatta

Back 16

Leader of the peaceful resistance to the British occupation of Kenya. After being wrongfully jailed, he led Kenya to be the most successful of the African settler societies.

Front 17

Kwame Nkrumah

Back 17

Pioneer for the freedom of African colonies and leader of the resistance in Ghana. His methods would influence other liberation leaders in Africa. (Stearns ch 35)

Front 18

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Back 18

Sites of the first and last droppings of the atomic bombs. Brought an end to WWII and unconditional surrender from the Japanese (class notes wwii)

Front 19

United nations

Back 19

Organization of governments made to prevent wars, protect human rights and help refugees. Unlike the league of nations, had a military backing with the security council, giving it more power. (Class notes wwii)

Front 20

National Liberation Front

Back 20

Movement for the independence of Algeria composed of Berbers and Arabs. Eventually won victory after a long war, but angered the French settler population. (Stearns ch. 35)