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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease |
the diagnosis used when the systemic condition is the major contributing factor for periodontitis and local factors such as heavy accumulations of dental plaque biofilm and calculus deposits are not evident |
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Hematologic disorders |
abnormalities in the structure or function of the blood and blood-forming tissues such as red cells, white cells, platelets, or clotting factors |
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Name the 3 hematologic disorders |
1) Acquired neutropenia 2) Leukemia 3) AIDS/HIV infection |
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Acquired neutropenia |
a blood disorder characterized by abnormally low levels of neutrophils (PMN's) in the blood |
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What is the cause of neutropenia? |
it has many causes. it may be genetic or may be seen with viral infections and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy |
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Does neutropenia lower the immunologic barrier to bacterial and fungal infections? |
Yes |
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Leukemia |
cancer that begins in blood cells in people with leukemia, the bone marrow produces a large number of abnormal white blood cells that do not function properly |
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What are the periodontal manifestations of leukemia? |
1) gingival enlargement 2) bleeding 3) infections |
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What are the 2 most common HIV-associated periodontal conditions? |
1) linear gingival erythema 2) necrotizing periodontal disease |
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What is LGE? |
linear gingival erythema |
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What is NPD? |
necrotizing periodontal disease |
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Linear gingival erythema |
a gingival manifestation of immunosuppression |
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What is the clinical appearance of LGE? |
characterized by a distinct linear erythematous (red) band that is limited to the free gingiva |
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T/F LGE responds well to improved self-care and periodontal instrumentation |
False |
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T/F Periodontal attachment loss and alveolar bone destruction associated with HIV-infected individuals may be extremely rapid |
True |
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Genetic disorders |
a disease caused by the absence of a gene or by products of a defective gene they are passed down from one generation to the next but do not necessarily appear in each generation |
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Name the 10 genetic disorders |
1) familial and cyclic neutropenia 2) down syndrome 3) leukotcyte adhesion deficiency syndromes 4) papillion-lefevre syndrome 5) chediak-higashi syndrome *ms. knight's favorite* 6) glycogen storage disease 7) infantile genetic agranulocytosis (kostmann syndrome) 8) cohen syndrome 9) ehlers-danlos syndrome 10) hypophosphatasia |
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Familial and cyclic neutropenia |
disorder that affects bone marrow low levels of PMN's in the blood can have severe periodontal destruction at young age |
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Down syndrome |
often develop severe early-onset periodontal disease
substantial plaque biofilm formation
deep periodontal pockets
extensive gingival inflammation |
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Leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome |
an inherited disorder in which there is defective leukocyte chemotaxis characterized by recurrent bacterial infections and impaired wound healing periodontitis begins upon eruption of primary teeth (rapid attachment loss, early tooth loss) |
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Papillion-LeFevre syndrome |
inherited disorder characterized by: hyperkeratosis of the palms of the hands and soles of the feet severe periodontitis in both primary and permanent dentitions by age 15 most individuals are edentulous |
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Chediak-Higashi syndrome |
impairment of neutrophil chemotaxis/phagocytosis is a characteristic of this disease aggressive periodontitis has been described in individuals with this disease VERY WHITE/PALE individuals |
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Glycogen storage disease |
a disease that interferes with the storage of carbohydrates as glycogen in the body causes glycogen to be improperly stored in the body perio manifestations appear at an early age |
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Infantile genetic agranulocytosis |
rare inherited form of severe chronic neutropenia usually detected soon after birth defect on chromosome #1 experience severe periodontal disease |
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Cohen syndrome |
an inherited disorder that affects many parts of the body and is characterized by: neutrophils developmental delay mental retardation small head size weak muscle tone |
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Ehlers-Danlos syndrome |
an inheritable disorder of connective tissue with easy bruising, joint hypermobility (loose joints), skin laxity and weakness of tissues early onset generalized periodontitis is one of the most significant oral manifestations this can lead to the premature loss of deciduous and permanent teeth |
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Hypophosphatasia |
a genetic metabolic disorder of bone mineralization caused by a deficiency in alkaline phosphatase in serum and tissues characterized by skeletal defects resembling those of rickets |
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Periodontal manifestations of hypophosphatasia |
include severe loss of alveolar bone and premature loss of primary and permanent teeth in the absence of an inflammatory response |
