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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nerve tissue layers form outermost to inner most.
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epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium
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What is segmental demyelination?
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dysfunctional Schwann cell or myelin damage (Guillan-Barre)
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What is neuronopathy?
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disorder affecting neuron cell body
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What is axonopathy?
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disorder affecting neuron axon
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What is Wallerian degeneration?
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anterograde degeneration of a severed axon
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Slow twitch muscles use which muscle type (1 or 2)?
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1
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Which muscles are best for strong force (1 or 2)?
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1
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Which muscles are best for sudden movement force (1 or 2)?
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2
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White muscle is typically type (1 or 2)
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2
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Red muscle is typically type (1 or 2)
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1
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Which muscle fibers are mostly glycolytic with few mitochondria?
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type 2
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What is Guillan-Barre syndrome?
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auto-immune PNS myelin degeneration
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What is Leprosy?
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infection of Schwann cells with demyelination; ulcers in extremities from atrophy/infection
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Why are sensory ganglia the first to be affected by diptheria?
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there is a break in the blood-nerve barrier (perineurium) there, so the toxin can affect it easier
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What are shingles?
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Varicella-Zoster virus infection along 1 dermatome; neural degeneration
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Uremic neuropathy is most likely caused by ...
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renal disease
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What is an avulsion?
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tension on a nerve from pulling of a limb
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Carpal tunnel syndrome is what type of neuropathy?
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compression neuropathy
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What is traumatic neuroma?
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axons regenerate in a disorganized manner
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What is muscular dystrophy?
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defect in dystrophin synthesis = lack of muscle contractility
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What is myotonia?
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sustained stiffness of muscle
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Why do defects in mitochondrial DNA lead to myopathy?
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loss of oxidative phosphorylation enzymes = less ATP production = less muscle strength
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What is dermatomyositis?
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non-infectious inflammatory myopathy involving skin and muscle; typically affects proximal muscles
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How is dermatomyositis different from Polymyositis?
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dermatomyosis involves skin rashes
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Inclusion body myositis affects more (proximal or distal muscles)
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distal; dermatomyositis affects more proximal
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Which non-infectious inflammatory myopathy shows amyloid deposits?
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inclusion body myositis
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Exopthalmos is characteristic of what myopathy?
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thyrotoxic myopathy
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Steroid myopathy is seen commonly with what disorder?
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Cushings syndrome (steroid excess)
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What is myasthenia gravis?
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auto-immune disorder against Ach receptors = progressive muscle weakness
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What is Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome?
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fewer Ach vesicles are released into neuromuscular junction; Ach esterase inhibitors don't help this
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