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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Primary ref for CARP DZs |
AFI 13-217 |
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VIRS DZ ref |
FM 3-21.38 |
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GMRS DZ ref |
USASOC reg. 350-2 |
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Drop zone definition |
A designated area where personnel and/or equipment are delivered by means of a parachute or in the case of certain items, free drop |
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Who is responsible for designating the DZ location? |
GUC |
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What are the DZ selection factors? |
Airdrop airspeed Drop altitude Type of airdrop Method of airdrop Obstacles Access Adequate approach and departure routes Size of DZ |
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Which selection factor is the most important? |
They all must be taken into consideration equally |
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Who advises the GUC on the suitability of a DZ? |
DZSTL |
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How is the drop altitude measured? |
In AGL from the highest field elevation on the DZ to the drop aircraft |
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What altitude and speed do combination drops use? |
The higher altitude and speed |
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Types of Airdrop |
Low velocity High velocity Free drop |
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Low velocity |
Sensitive equipment and PAX |
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High velocity |
Chute is designed to stabilize the load and reduce the rate of descent to a magnitude, which ensures acceptable landing shock |
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Free drop |
Used for non sensitive items only. No parachute is attached to the load |
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Methods of airdrop |
Personnel and door bundles Gravity Extraction |
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Personnel and door bundles |
Type of load self exits, is pushed, or is skidded from the aircraft door or ramp |
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Gravity airdrops |
The aircraft maintains a nose high altitude and the in flight release of load restraint allows the load to roll out of the aircraft |
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Extraction airdrops |
An extraction parachute pulls the load from the cargo compartment |
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How long do jumpers and DB's have to exit the aircraft for planning purposes? |
PAX: 1 second for all DZs, but the first one is always free (CARP, VIRS, GMRS) DB: 1 sec for CARP and 3 sec for VIRS and GMRS |
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How long for door bundles have to exit the aircraft for all 3 DZs? |
1 second for CARP 3 seconds for VIRS and GMRS The first bundle is always free on all three |
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Who identifies obstacles in or near the DZ? |
The DZSTL is responsible for conducting a recon and declaring obstacles |
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Obstacles to personnel |
Any feature that would pose a hazard to the jumper or prevent the jumper from accomplishing his mission |
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Obstacles to equipment |
Any feature that may hinder the recovery of the load or cause damage to a load |
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Primary obstacles |
Trees Water Power lines |
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Trees as obstacles |
35 ft or higher |
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Water as obstacles |
4 feet deep or deeper and 40 feet wide at the widest point within 1000 meters of any DZ edge |
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Power lines as obstacles |
If power lines are within 1000 meters of any boundary, coordinate with the Power Company to shut off power NLT 15 minutes prior to TOT |
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Access to the DZ |
Avoid major obstacles to personnel and equipment between the DZ and the objective |
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Adequate approach and departure routes |
No fly areas Obstacles to the aircraft Terrain higher than the DZ Enemy situation and location |
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What regs determine the size of the DZ? |
Dictated by: VIRS FM 3-21.38 GMRS USASOC Reg 350-2 CARP AFI 13-217 |
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CARP defined |
Computed Air Release Point |
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What are the CARP DZ code letters? |
J, C, A, R, S and for circular H, O |
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What kind of lights mark a CARP DZ? |
Omni directional lights |
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What distance are lights placed on a CARP DZ? |
250 meters left and right of the PI and an optional amber omni directional light a 1000 meters to the 12 o'clock or to the trail edge of the DZ. Whichever happens first |
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CARP light amount |
9 omni directional lights minimum |
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CARP code letter size |
35ft by 35ft |
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When must new PI locations be relayed to the aircraft? |
NLT 15 minutes prior to TOT for C17 and C130J. If inside the 15 minute window, the aircraft crews will advise as to the new supportable TOT |
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RPI option 1 |
Mission commander will notify the DZSTL at least 24 hours in advance that RPI will be used |
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RPI option 2 |
Mission commander or supported force commander may request the DZ established with the PI at a specific point on the DZ. Request should be made at least 24 hours in advance. Requestor will ensure that the minimum DZ size criteria is met for load. |
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Offset PI |
250 yards left and right of the surveyed PI for a 3 ship formation and 125 yards for a 2 ship formation |
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CARP marking requirements |
Daytime: Raised Air Marker (RAM) for all peacetime ops Optional: JCARS (HI for circular DZ) code letters can be used and must be a minimum of 9 panels, 35ft by 35ft Night: minimum of 9 white omni directional lights form the code letter 35ft by 35ft |
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Control center defined |
Location where the DZSTL will control and observe the airborne up. DZSTL should have all radios, signaling devices, and appropriate forms positioned at the control center |
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CARP control center locations |
Personnel/door bundles: at the PI CDS drops: 200 yards to the 6 o'clock of PI Heavy equipment: 300 yards to the 6 o'clock of PI HAARS, free drops, and AWADS: control center located off DZ, however it should be located so the approaching aircraft can be observed along with the PI of possible Ceiling of 600 feet or less requires the control center be off the DZ |
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Strike report |
AF 4304 is basically a score card for the air force. The report is forwarded to the S3 Air |
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Strike report grades |
If first parachute lands within w5 yards of PI, put PI If 90% of parachutes land on the DZ put an "S" If less than 90% of the parachutes land on the DZ put a "U" |
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Strike report score method |
E= estimated P=paced M=measured |
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How long are existing DZ surveys good for? |
5 years from MAJCOM signature date |
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ZAR |
Zone availability report is a database of all certified DZs |
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DZ survey form |
AF 3823 |
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HAARS PI location |
Divide the total length by 2 for the PI for circular CARP formulas |
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HV CDS PI location for CARP circular DZ |
Add the 1, N and A together and divide by 2 and that is the PI |
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Elevation rules for CARP DZ flying in formation seperated by time |
If aircraft are flying in formation and dropping at the same time, they have to be at the same altitude. If they are separated by any time, the flights do not have be at the same altitude |
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For multiple CARP airdrops, what size is used? |
Use the largest length and width from all the 1NANAS |
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How many life vests are needed for a boat detail? |
1 for every boat member and 1 additional for each jumper on the first pass |
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What is the minimum number of personnel a DZST requires? |
2, with the senior member acting as the DZSTL. The leader must be DZSTL qualified, but additonal personnel do not need to be |
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DZSTL requirements |
Must be an NCO (E5 Army and Navy, E4 Air Force and Marines) Must have completed an appropriate initial training as a DZST member For PAX/heavy equipment drops, the DZSTL must be a qualified and current jump master For CDS on CARP DZs and DB or LCLA on any DZ, the DZSTL does not need to be a jump master |
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DZSTL currency requirements |
Actively participated in an airdrop op, either as the DZSTL or Assistant DZSTL within the last 6 months Or attended a DZST refrsher course within the last 6 months |
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Primary mission of the DZSTL War time and peace time |
Wartime: CDS drops, battalion or smaller LCLA drops, battalion or smaller Peacetime: VMC drops involoving 1-3 aircraft for PAX, door bundles, LCLA, CDS and heavy equipment |
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Secondary mission of the DZSTL War time and peace time |
Wartime: Brigade size or larger Peacetime: C130 AWADS involving 1-3 aircraft VMC drops of 4 or more aircraft for PAX, door bundles, LCLA, CDS, and heavy equipment |
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What is a flash report |
Locally generated form used to inform the chain of command of all incidents that occur during an operation |
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Who receives a copy of the Aircrew Mission Checklist? |
1 copy to the Aircrew 1 copy to the S3 Air 1 copy to the DZSTL |
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No drop signals |
Lack of markings Red smoke Red flares Red beam Any other pre coordinated signal |
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Mission cancelation signal |
Form VS17 panels into a block letter "X" and remove all other markings |
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Temporary closing signal |
Form VS17 panels into 2 parallel bars perpendicular to the drop heading |
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Clear to drop signal |
Unless comms are required, any pre coordinated markings other than red anything |
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Which DZs do not require comms to the aircraft? |
VMC CARP and GMRS |
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Which DZs require comms with the aircraft? |
VIRS and IMC CARP |
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VMC conditions are required for which drop(s)? |
VIRS and GMRS |
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When must the control center be set up on a DZ? |
NLT 1 hours prior to TOT |
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When must a complete control group be used? |
If the DZ is 2100 meters or longer in length or 20 seconds or more of exit time or more than 1 aircraft is executing the mission |
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When does the assistant DZSTL NOT Have to be DZSTL qual'd? |
For single aircraft ops on DZ's less than 2100 meters in length or less than 20 seconds of exit time |
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What makes up a complete control group? |
Both the DZSTL and assistant DZSTL need to be qual'd 2 medics with FLA 2 wind measuring devices (1 at control center and 1 with the assistant DZSTL at the highest location on the DZ) |
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What makes up a partial control group? |
The assistant DZSTL does not have to be DZSTL qual'd or a jump master 1 medic with FLA 1 wind measuring device located at the control center |
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What are the qualification requirements for a malfunctions officer? |
Camera Must be a qualified and current rigger |
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When is a boat detail required? |
If a water obstacle is within 1000 meters of any edge of the DZ, 40 ft wide or wider at its widest point and is 4 ft deep or deeper at its deepest point |
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When is a boat detail not required? |
If the water is 4 ft deep or deeper, but not over 40 ft wide |
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When do the boats need to be in place and how many are required? |
Minimum of 2 boats and they must be in place 1 hour prior to TOT. Engines must be running 10 minutes prior to TOT. (No drop situation exists if both boats are not in the water) |
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The 10 minute window |
Not later than 12 minutes prior to the first TOT, a continuous montoring of the surface wind will commence. If the surface winds spike past the allowable threshold, a no drop signal will be given. The surface winds must remain at or below the maximum allowable for 10 minutes before the drop can proceed |
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Approved Army measuring devices |
AN/PMQ 3A DIC-3 Turbo Meter (must be held 20 degrees into the wind) |
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What steps are taken to establish a VIRS release point?
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1. Determine the heading 2. Determine the PI (point of impact) 3. Determine wind direction and speed 4. Pace off the drift in meters into the wind 5. Pace off the forward throw on the back azimuth of drop heading ** If the direction and distance of the drift are paced into the wood line, adjust the PI as necessary. Forward or left and right only. |
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DZ survey form |
AF 3823 |
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VIRS PI for PAX |
Centerline of the DZ and 100 meters from the leading edge |
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VIRS PI for bundles |
Centerline of the DZ and on the leading edge |
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VIRS PI location for CDS and Heavy Equipment |
Use the surveyed PI locations on the AF 3823 |
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What is the formula for drift? |
D=K x A x V |
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PIBALL sizes |
10 gram for day: 57 inches 10 gram for night: 74 inches 30 gram for day: 75 inches 30 gram for night: 94 inches |
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PIBALL alternate light source |
6 inch chem light |
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How is the forward throw for STOL and rotary wing aircraft determined? |
Divide the drop speed in half |
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What is the minimum size for a VIRS DZ? |
275 meter x 275 meters |
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VIRS DZ code letters and day/night requirements |
HEAT Day # of VS17 panels for each letter, 5, 5, 5, 3 Night # of white directional lights, 9, 9, 8, 6 They must be 3 lights wide with 5 meter spacing |
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What kind of lights are used on a VIRS DZ? |
White directional with bi-directional used on the flank panel |
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How is a GMRS DZ established? |
1. Determine drop heading 2. Determine point of impact (PI) 3. Determine wind direction and speed 4. Pace off the drift in meters into the wind 5. Pace off the forward throw on the back azimuth of drop heading. ** If the direction and distance of the drift are paced into the woodline, adjust the PI as necessary. Forward or left and right only |
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What is the minimum size of a GMRS DZ? |
275 meters x 275 meters ** If the commander wants the RP on the DZ, then the minimum size is 300 meters x 275 meters |
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GMRS authentication light requirements |
15 meters to the right of the approach panel and cannot be red or white. Only the color that was coordinated for |
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What is PI shift used for? |
Mainly for GMRS DZs May be needed for small DZs May be needed when DZSTL cannot place panels off the DZ Needed when the panels need to be easily visible to pilot/aircrew |
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For PI shift, what unit of measurement must all variables be converted to? |
Meters |
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What is the obstacle ratio for PI shift? |
15:1 |
