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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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are paramyxoviridae enveloped?
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yes
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what is the shpae of paramyoviridae?
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helically symmetrial nucleocapsid
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how many glycoprotein spikes are there on paramyxoviridae?
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2
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where does replication take place for paramyxovirida?
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cytoplasm
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Rhinderpest
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highly contagious dz
domestic and wild ruminants characterisitc feature: high mobidity 90% high mortality 100% |
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what are the animal hosts of the Rhinerpest virus?
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dz of cattle and domestic buffalo, including water buffalo.
most wild and domestic cloven-footed animals can become infected- zebu, sheep, goats, pigs, and wild ungulates in contact with cattle |
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what is the transmision of Rhinderpest virus?
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Direct- nasal, ocular, feces, urine, saliva, and blood.
Contaminated food or water indirect-fomites aerosol- very short distance |
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can animals be carriers of Rhinderpest?
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no
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when is the infectious period of rhinderpest and when do clinical signs develop?
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infectious period 1-2 days before clinical signs and 8-9 days after the onset of clinical signs
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what ar ethe clinical signs of the classic form of rhinerspest?
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fever, depression, anorexia
constipation followed by hemorrhagic diarrhea serous to mucopurulent nasal/ ocular discharge necrosis and erosion of oral mucosa enlarged lymph nodes death in 6-12 days |
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what are the peracute signs of Rhinderpest
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young animals high fever with congested mucous membranes, death in 2-3 days
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what are the subacute clinical signs of rhinderpest?
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mild clinical signs with low mortalitly
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what are the clinical signs of atypical rhinderpest?
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irregular fever, mild or no diarrhea
immunosuppression leading to secondary infections |
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in enemic areas, what is strange?
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there could be mild dz.
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what are the lesions in the esophagus with Rhinderpest?
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brown and necrotic foci
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what are the lesions of the omasum in Rhinderpest?
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rare erosions and hemorrhage
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what are the lesions of the small intestine, abomasum, cecum and colon in Rhinderpest?
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necrosis, edema, and congestion, tiger striping
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lesions of the lymph nodes in rhinderpest
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swollen and edematous
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lesions of the gall bladder in rhinderpest
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hemorrhagic mucosa
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lesions in the lungs in rhinderpest
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emphysema, congestion, areas of pnemonia
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what are d/d of rhinderpest
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infectious bovine rhinotrachetis
bovine viral diarrhea malignant catarrhal fever foot and mouth dz blue tongue salmonellosis paratuberculosis peste des petits ruminants |
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diagnosis of rhinderpest
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clinical and path. lesion
rapidly spreading acute febrile illness in all ages of animals accompanying signs of RPV |
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what are the lab tests to do for RPV
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isolation and confirmation of virus
cytopathic effects in cell cultures confirmed by immunofloresence |
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what are the samples to collect for virus isolation for live animals for RPV?
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viremia drops when fever falls and d+ begins
blood sample-white cells from buffy coat swabs of lacrimal fluid necrotic tissue of oral cavity aspirations of superficial lymph nodes |
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what are the samples to collect from dead animals for RPV?
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spleen, lymphy node, tonsil
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what kind of tests can be used to diagnose RPV?
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AGID or counter immunoelctrophoresis
RT-PCR: D/D Peste des petits competitive ELISA PM enteric lesions-zebra stripe |
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what can control the RPV?
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chemical-gylcerol and lipid solvents.
natural- pH 2 and 12 for at least 10 min. |
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what is the optimal pH for virus survival?
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ph 6.5- 7
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what kind of vaccine can be used for RPV?
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cell-culture-adapted
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What is the purpose of Law of Armed Conflict (LOAC)?
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A broad base set of rules defining how war is fought. the rules are generalized rather than extremely specific, and are designed to apply to any armed conflict. Their purpose is to prevent unnecessary loss of lives or destruction of property on the battlefield.
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how do you vaccinate endemic areas for RPV?
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vaccinate national herd according to recommendations
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how do you vax. high-risk countries?
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vaccination of susceptible animals
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how do you vax. RPV free countries?
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import restrictions on susceptible animals and uncooked meet products from infected countries
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how can RPV become eradicated?
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vax available including long lasting immunity
reliable diag. tests absense of carrier animals absence of wild life reservoirs animal movement restricted |
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what is the single most important measure to prevent disease transmission of RPV?
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control of animal movement
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how do you vaccinate endemic areas for RPV?
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vaccinate national herd according to recommendations
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how do you vax. high-risk countries?
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vaccination of susceptible animals
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how do you vax. RPV free countries?
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import restrictions on susceptible animals and uncooked meet products from infected countries
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how can RPV become eradicated?
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vax available including long lasting immunity
reliable diag. tests absense of carrier animals absence of wild life reservoirs animal movement restricted |
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what is the single most important measure to prevent disease transmission of RPV?
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control of animal movement
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Peste des petitis ruminants (PPR)
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severe dz of small ruminants, particularly in sheep and goats
resembles RPV high morbidity high mortality |
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what is the family and genus of PPRV?
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family- paramyxoviridae
genus- morbillivirus |
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where does PPRV occur?
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sub-saharan Africa, the middle east, India, and Pakistan
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what type of "list dz" is PPRV?
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list A dz
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is PRRV more or less severe in goats?
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more severe
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who are the animal host of PRRV?
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principally goats and sheep
one report of captive wild ungulates american white-tail deer cattle and pigs serocovert but do not transmit dz high morality in indian buffalo |
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what is percentage of morbitiy of PRRV?
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80-90%
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what is the percentage of mortality of PRRV?
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50-80% (can be up to 100%)
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who is PRRV more severe in?
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young animals, poor nutrition, concurrent parasitic infecitons.goats more susceptible than sheep.
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