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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is a cyst?
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A cavity usually filled with fluid that is lined with epithelium
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What is a cavity that is filled with fluid with no epithelium?
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Pseudocyst
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What must be present for a cyst to develop?
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Epithelium
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What is the most common epithelium in the periodontal ligament?
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Epithelium "rests of mallaze" (the portion of the tooth bud that is responsible for the root sheath
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What stimulates cyst formation?
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Inflammation
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What is metaplasia?
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Changing form one cell type to more resistant cell type
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What is an odontogenic cyst?
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Developmental cyst (fissural cysts); the epithelium comes from some component of the developing tooth bud.
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What is the most common radiographic pathology in dental hygiene?
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Periapical pathology
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What is an abcess?
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A localized process; acute inflammation due to a non-vital pulp that becomes necrotic, then the tissue starts to drain out of the apex which leads to pus formation.
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What does pus cause the bone to do?
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It is acidic which causes the bone to demineralize which provides more space for the pus to form.
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Fill in the blank:
SInce there is no more stimuli at the apex when there is an abcess, the body tries to heal with ______________ |
Dental granuloma; granulation tissue
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What is the most common intraoral cyst?
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Radicular cyst (periapical cyst): due to pulpal pathology, which usually results in a non-vital tooth; (the epithelial lining probably results from Rests of Malassez)
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What are the clinical manifestations of a radicular cyst?
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The cyst may resemble a periapical abcess or dental granuloma ( inflammed granulation tissue with no epithelium).
The treatment would be endo, apicoectomy, or an extraction with a bony curretage. |
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What happens if the cyst becomes re-infected?
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The cycle of inflammation continues
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If cancer spreads to the nodes of the same side it is called? other? both sides?
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same= ipsilateral
other side= contralateral both sides= bilateral (worse prognosis) |
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What is sclerotic opaque?
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A white line surrounding radiolucency; it implies that the body is trying to contain the disease in the area.
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T/F
An abcess will try to drain through the least resistant path. |
True statement
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What is a fistula?
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A canal through which infection drains or pus has made its way through tissue and bone in attempts to drain.
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A radicular cyst which remains after tooth extraction
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Residual cyst
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Statement: order of occurance
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Abcess> dental granuloma> radicular cyst
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What is Ludwig's agina?
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Infection of the paraphayngeal spaces that an be caused by an abcessed tooth
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What can result if odontogenic cysts are left untreated?
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If it is located on the maxillary: death from cavernous sinus thrombosus.
mandibular:death from Ludwig's agina |
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What is the second most common odontogenic cyst?
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dentigerous cyst (follicular cyst)
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what is a dentigerous cyst?
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A cyst that surrounds the crown of an unerupted tooth. It results when the epithelium lining develops from reduced enamel epithelium
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What are the clinical manifestations of a dentigerous cyst?
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The cyst attaches at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), Unilocular radiolucency is evident with well- defined margins. Increased risk of neoplasm if left untreated.
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What is the most common location of a dentigerous cyst?
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mandibular third molar.
Treatment; if tooth erupts or is removed cyst will no longer exist |
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Name the cyst that develops in place of a missing tooth.
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Primordial cyst.
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What causes a primordial cyst?
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When the epithelial lining develops from remnants of the enamel organ. it usually has a unilocular radiolucency. Surgical removal is recommended
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What is a soft tissue cyst?
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An eruption cyst. (pseudocyst)
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The cause for this cyst is a hematoma in the path of eruption.
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eruption cyst. Usually litle or no epithelial lining is evident; fluid buildup is found in the path of eruption between the crown and soft tissue.
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This cyst can only occur once the crown of an unerupted tooth has gone through the aveolar.
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Eruption cyst,or false cyst, pseudocyst
all of these terms mean the same thing. |
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What sport in the US accounts for the most oral trauma?
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Bicycle riding. It is a sport that almost anyone can participate in.
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what is a lateral periodontal cyst?
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A unilocular or multiocular lucency usually located in the mandibular premolar area on the lateral aspect of the tooth, caused by epithelial rests in the PDL. The treatment is surgical removal.
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This cyst is formed as a result of epithelium from rests of Cerci (remnants of dental lamina: stalk)
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GIngival cyst. There is no pain. Soft tissue swelling usually located on the attached gingiva.
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Name the cyst that is a painless, fluid-filled nodule on the surface and you will not see on a radiograph.
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Gingival cyst. If the tooth is vital you know it is a gingival cyst.
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Name the most significant and most aggressive odontogenic cyst.
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Odontogenic Keratocyst.
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What is an odontogenic keratocyst?
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It is caused from the epithelial remnants of odontogenic apparatus. it produces keratin, aspiration yields a straw colored fluid; is locally aggressive with a high recurrence rate; and may be indicative of Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome.
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Name characteristics of the odontogenic keratocyst.
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Epithelium has its own growth potential, has a tendency to develop multiple daughter cysts in the fibrous connective capsule (wall of cysts)
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What is the oral manisfestations of basil carcinoma?
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Multiple OKC's
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Statement!!!!
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Orthokeratin: no nuclei
Parakeratin: with nuclei |
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Hypertelorism implies what?
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Widely spaced eyes
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Name the disorder:
Frontal bossing, hypertelorism, sores on the face, multiple OKC's w/ multiocular radiolucency , 3rd molars are located in the TMJ, pits in the hands and feet. |
The patient had Basil cell nevuus syndrome
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A patient with Basil cell Nevus syndrome has the tendency for what in their genetic code?
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To develop OKC's and skin cancer. It is an autozomal dominant (males and females are equally affected), not on the sex chromosome. Very low chance of metacisizing.
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This type of cancer looks as if a rodent took a bite out of the patient.
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Basil cell carcinoma, also called rodent ulcer. Multiple OKC's are the first signs of this type of cancer.
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What is a non-odontogenic cyst?
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Also called developmenal or fissured cyst. The epithelium does not come from tooth forming apparatus.
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A unilocular radiolucency in the midline of the palate.
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Median palatal cyst. Results from epithelial rests from fusion of palatal shelves. Shows up as radiolucency only if the bone is destroyed
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The etiology is the epithelium from the rests of nasopalatine duct, located more anteriorly than the medial palatal cyst.
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Nasopalatine duct cyst( cyst of the incisive canal).
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This cyst is frequently heart-shaped due to the superimposed anterior nasal spine. It does not have to have teeth involved
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Nasopalatal duct cyst
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What cyst has a unilocular radiolucency in the mandibular midline caused from the epithelium from the rests of the mandibular process. surgical removal
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Median mandibular cyst
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This cyst only develops in the maxilla between the lateral incisors and the canines. It has an inverted pear-shaped unilocular radiolucency
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Globulomaxillary cyst. Epithelium from the fusion rests or odontogenic rests. Causes divergence of roots and convergence of crowns. May exhibit fluctuant soft tissue swelling of the gingiva.
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A soft tissue cyst in the midline of the neck or posterior portion of the tongue. The etiology is epithelium from the remnants of the thyroglossal duct (tract)
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Thyroglossal duct cyst. Surgical removal recommended. Feels like fluid in the midline.
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What is a brachial cleft cyst (lymphoepithelial cyst)?
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A soft tissue cyst in the lateral neck area, anterior to the sternocleidomastiod muscle.
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A yellowish nodule frequently found on the ventral side of the tongue and floor of the mouth are the oral manifestations of this type of cyst.
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Brachial cleft cyst, epthelium is trapped rests of brachal clefts. Surgical removal for treatment.
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what is a dermoid cyst?
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A soft tissue cyst usually found on the floor of the mouth; contains tissue derived from the ectoderm, mesoderm, and /or endoderm. Etiology; pleuripotential cells.
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This cyst contains epthelium, salivary gland tissue and adipose tissue (meso) cardiac (meso) and brain tissue.
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Dermoid cyst
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A soft tissue cyst usually found in the floor of the mouth; contains only tissue derived from the ectoderm. Trapped epithelium or pleuripotential cells.
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Epidermoid cyst.
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What is a nasolabial cyst?
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A soft tissue cyst in the nasolabial/maxillary canine area. Epithelium trapped in the fusion line of the maxillary labial processes. Soft swelling inferior and lateral to the alae.
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A pseudocyst of bone with no epithelial lining. Caused by trauma. Unilocular or muliocular lucency that scallops between and around the roots.
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Simple bone cyst.
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What is the treatment for the simple bone cyst?
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Currette walls of cavity to stimulate bleeding then close it up.
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This is a defect, nothing is there. a pseudocyst. No bony cavity evident, only thinning of the mandible.
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Stafne cyst. A unilocular, well-defined lucency inferior to the mandibular canal. No treatment, only an anatomical variation
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A pseudocyst of bone with no epithelial lining, considered to be from trauma, a multilocullar or honey-combed lucency.
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Aneurysmal bone cyst. Histology of blood-filled cavities with peripheral multinucleated giant cells
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Diagnostic hint for the Stafne cyst.
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This cyst will always be below the mandibular canal, no other cyst will be found there.
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