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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what type of volcano is mt st helens
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ocean contintent convergent
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how do the bowl like structure come about?
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it kept building and building until the magma was empty then it collapsed
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is yellow stone a volcanic hot spot and if so why is that weird?
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no plate
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whats a pyroclastic flow
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cloud of super heated rocks coming unbelievably fast
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whats lahars
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volcanic mudflows. Ash and glacier = mud.
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is lahars sticky or thick?
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very sticky
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bathemetry
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3 major oceans
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pacific ocean
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largest, deepest, coldest, oldest
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which ocean is the arctic ocean a part of?
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atlantic
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atlantic ocean
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shallow because of the gulf of mexico and the mediterranian and the MOR
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Indian ocean
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smallest, pretty deep. Sund-java trench is really deep.
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whats the law of the sea
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it gives states exclusive economic ownership to ocean that is 200 miles off of the land (oil $)
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whats oil and why is off the land sometimes?
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rivers flow scum and garbage off shore and the chemical reaction turns it into a liquid (oil) or gas
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whats a continental shell and how deep is it?
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the area above the continental plate so its shallow its 1-130km deep
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whats another good economic reason for the law of the sea besides oil?
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fishing
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whats green house effect
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glaciers melt raising the sea level
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does everyone live above sea level
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no
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whats the abyssal plane
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deep flay part of the sea floor it starts after the decline of the continental and the flat part of the ocean.
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how did the hidenburg float
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it was filled with hydrogen and that has less density than air
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whats the secret to cehmical happieness
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full outermost electron shell
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what are in the nucleus of a neutron?
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protons and neutrons
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what are on the outter rings of a neutron
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electrons
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what sign do electrons carry?
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-1
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protons
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+
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neutrons
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0
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whats a nobel gas?
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chemically happy
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what makes the mass?
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protons and neutrons
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whats hydrogen bonding?
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when opposite charges come together
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if you share electrons its what?
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covalent
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what does water have concerning liquid and solid that is different than every other element?
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waters solid has less density than its liquid. Usually increase in temp lowers temperature but its the opposite for water
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what is heat capacity?
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the amount of energy necessary to raise 1g of a substance 1 degree C
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water has an easy time changes stance or a hard time?
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hard time because of bonds
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latent heat of vaporization
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energy it takes to turn 100 degree C water to 100 degree C steam
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latent heat of fusion
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energy it takes to turn ice to water
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how many calories does it take to turn water into steam?
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540 calories
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if water didn't have hydrogen bonding would its predicted temp be very high or very low?
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extremely low
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what is salt made out of
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NaCl
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atomic number is equal to what?
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number of protons
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when you have the number of protons how can you find the number of neutrons?
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take the mass minus the protons/atomic number and you have your neutrons
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how many electrons are in a neuron?
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the same as protons/atomic number
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if you give away an electron that element is now what
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+
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if you recieve an electron that element is now what?
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-
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what is the area of the ocean called that fish and plants live and grow
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the photic zone
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how deep is the photic zone
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0-100m
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why is the photic zone so shallow
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because the sun is absorbed past that zone
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What is the make up of the incoming sun rays?
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1/3 isn't absorbed by atmosphere or earth 1/2 is absorbed by the earth 1/5 is absorbed by the atmosphere and 4% is relected off the earth
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whats the make up of outgoing sun rays
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60% atmosphere to space 42% earth to atmosphere and 5% earth to space
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Where does most of the heating up come from?
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absorbed from earth
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why is the equator hotter than the north pole
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becuase the angle that the sun comes in on all the rays hit the equator but only about half hit the north pole
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high density = high atmospheric pressur or low?
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high
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low density air = high atmospheric pressure or low?
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low
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pressure goes from H to L or L to H
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H to L
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why was the first prediction of only two paths of wind pressure wrong?
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atmospheric pressure
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what does the coreolis effect do
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spins the earth and rotates winds
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when looking for wind directing what do you do?
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point the spear away from you, then if your in the northern hemisphere its a right curve and if its in the southern hemisphere its to the left
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northern hemisphere curves to the
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right
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souther hemisphere curves to the
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left
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declaring where wind comes from is what
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where it started so v and > would be north west
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is mt rainer explosive or not?
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explosive
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From North Pole to South Pole what are the pressures?
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H,L,H,L,H,L,H
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Whats the coreolis effect and whats it do?
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The earths rotation and it curves the winds
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What are the rules for the coreolis effect and the wind direction
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point the spear away from you, if your in the northern hemisphere you curve right if your in the southern hemisphere you curve left
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Is Mt. Rainer Explosive?
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Yes
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Does land or ocean have a higher heat capacity?
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ocean
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In the summer does the wind go from ocean to land or land to ocean?
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ocean (cool) to land (hot) because oceans High atmosphere and high density goes to lands low atmosphere and low density.
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Where does precipitation occur in the summer?
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on land
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In the winter does the wind go from ocean to land or land to ocean?
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land (cold) to ocean (hot) because lands High atmosphere and high density goes to oceans low atmosphere and low density.
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where does precipitation occur in the winter?
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on the ocean
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why can trees grow so much
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because there is low amounts of snow
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explain atmospheric pressure, density, precipitation, salinity, and evaporation
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all of the answers are the same except precipitation is seperate. low density = Low press= low salinity = low evap = high precip. High density= High pressure = high evap = high salinity = low precip
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what is salinity measured in
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parts per thousand
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what are vertical ocean currents driven by?
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density
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what are horizontal ocean currents driven by?
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winds
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northern hemisphere is clockwise or counter clockwise
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clockwise
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southern hemisphere is clockwise or counter clockwise?
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counter
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are west parts of oceans stronger or east parts of oceans? and why
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west because the center is to the right. Western idensification. Becuase the sun rotates east
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geostropic flow
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balance of the coreolis water circling and gravity circling
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hills that are formed because of geostropic flow are called
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dynamic topography
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whats wierd about antarctic waters
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should have low salinity but its actually normal
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who was the antarctic explorer and what was his ships name
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shackleford, endurance
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thermocline
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area where temp changes rapidly 0-500m
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hoclocline
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area where salinity changes rapidly 0-700m
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pycnocline
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area where density changes rapidly 100-500
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Thermocline circulation is
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when ice melts making that ocean have less salinity making it no sink making the stream lose power. This would result in extreme climate changes in areas where the stream ends
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explain when upwelling and down welling happens
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when the water hill is on the land or the ocean and the gravity equals it out. if hill is on ocean its up if its on land its down
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upwelling has high amounts of life or low?
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high
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down welling has high amounts of life or low?
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low
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