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125 Cards in this Set
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Period from birth until 28 days after birth |
Neonatal period |
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Period until 1 year of age |
Infancy |
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Period from delivery lasting about 4 to 6 weeks |
Puerperium |
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Pregnancy terminated at <20 weeks age of gestation, or <500 grams |
Abortion |
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Pregnancy completed at <37 weeks age of gestation |
Preterm |
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Pregnancy completed at 37 weeks to 42 weeks age of gestation |
Term |
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Pregnancy completed at >42 weeks age of gestation |
Post-term |
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Pregnancy terminated at <12 weeks age of gestation |
Early abortion |
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Pregnancy terminated at >12 weeks but <20 weeks age of gestation |
Late abortion |
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Ultrasound done at <20 weeks age of gestation |
Early ultrasound |
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Ultrasound done at >20 weeks age of gestation |
Late ultrasound |
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Pregnancy completed at <34 weeks age of gestation |
Early preterm |
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Pregnancy completed at 34 weeks to 36 weeks and 6 days age of gestation |
Late preterm |
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Pregnancy completed at 37 weeks to 38 weeks and 6 days age of gestation |
Early term |
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Pregnancy completed at 39 weeks to 40 weeks and 6 days age of gestation |
Full term |
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Pregnancy completed at 41 weeks to 41 weeks and 6 days age of gestation |
Late term |
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Death of a live born within 7 days |
Early neonatal death |
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Death after 7 days but before 29 days |
Late neonatal death |
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Rate of live births per 1000 females |
Birth rate |
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Rate of live births per 1000 females aged 15 to 44 years old |
Fertility rate |
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Four layers of anterior abdominal wall |
Skin Camper's fascia Scarpa's fascia Muscles |
Camper's comes first |
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Blood supply of the abdominal skin, subcutaneous tissues and mons pubis |
Superficial epigastric artery |
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Blood supply of abdominal muscles and fascia |
Deep or inferior epigastric artery |
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Male homologue of labia minora |
Penile urethra and skin of penis |
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Male homologue of labia majora |
Scrotum |
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Male homologue of clitoris |
Penis |
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Male homologue of Skene's glands |
Prostate gland |
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Male homologue of Bartholin's glands |
Cowper's gland |
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Six components of the vulva |
Mons pubis Labia majora Labia minora Clitoris Hymen Vestibule |
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Superior border of the vulva |
Mons pubis |
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Lateral border of the vulva |
Labiocrural fold |
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Inferior border of the vulva |
Perineal body |
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Six openings of the vestibule |
Urethra Vagina 2 Bartholin's gland ducts 2 Skene's gland ducts |
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Surgical management of Bartholin duct cysts |
Marsupialization |
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Anterior triangle of the perineum |
Urogenital triangle |
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Borders of the urogenital triangle |
Pubis symphysis Ischiopubic rami Ischial tuberosities |
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Posterior triangle of the perineum |
Anal triangle |
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Borders of the anal triangle |
Ischial tuberosities Sacrotuberous ligaments Coccyx |
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Seven contents of the superficial space of urogenital triangle |
Bartholin's glands Vestibular bulbs Clitoral body and crura Pudendal vessels and nerves Ischiocavernous muscle Bulbocavernous muscle Superficial transverse perineal muscle |
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Two contents of the deep space of urogenital triangle |
Compressor urethrae muscles Urethrovaginal sphincter muscles |
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Four contents of the anal triangle |
Ischioanal fossae Anal canal Anal sphincter complex Puborectalis muscle |
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Innervation of the internal anal sphincter |
Pelvic splanchnic nerve |
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Innervation of the external anal sphincter |
Inferior branch of pudendal nerve |
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Blood supply of the internal anal sphincter |
Superior, middle and inferior rectal arteries |
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Blood supply of the external anal sphincter |
Inferior rectal artery (branch of internal pudendal artery) |
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Hemorrhoids distal to the pectinate line |
External hemorrhoids |
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Hemorrhoids proximal to the pectinate line |
Internal hemorrhoids |
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Landmark that distinguishes external and internal hemorrhoids |
Pectinate line |
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Two components of the pelvic diaphragm |
Levator ani muscles Coccygeus muscle |
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Three levator ani muscles |
Pubococcygeus Puborectalis Iliococcygeus |
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Three pubococcygeus muscles |
Pubovaginalis Puboperinealis Puboanalis |
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Three components of the striated urogenital sphincter complex |
Urethrovaginal urethrae Sphincter urethrae Compressor urethrae |
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Two uterine blood supply |
Ovarian artery Uterine artery |
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Four vaginal blood supply |
Vaginal artery Uterine artery Middle rectal artery Internal pudendal artery |
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Two blood supply of proximal vagina |
Vaginal artery Uterine artery |
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Blood supply of posterior vaginal wall |
Middle rectal artery |
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Blood supply of distal vagina |
Internal pudendal artery |
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Relationship of the ureter and uterine artery |
Ureter lies beneath the uterine artery |
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Relationship of the ovaries and internal iliac vessels |
Ovaries are medial to the internal iliac vessels |
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Four ligaments that support the uterus |
Round ligament Broad ligament Cardinal or transverse cervical ligament Uterosacral ligament |
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Male homologue of round ligament |
Gubernaculum testis |
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Eponym of the cardinal or transverse cervical ligament |
Mackenrodt ligament |
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Two main support of the uterus |
Cardinal ligament Uterosacral ligament |
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Two-fold peritoneum |
Broad ligament |
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Seven structures in the broad ligament |
Uterine tube Ureter Ovarian ligaments Round ligaments Uterine blood vessels, lymph nodes and nerves Ovarian blood vessels, lymph nodes and nerves Parametrium |
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Peritoneum around fallopian tube |
Mesosalphinx |
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Peritoneum around round ligament |
Mesoteres |
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Peritoneum over the uterovarian ligament |
Mesovarium |
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Connective tissue lateral to the uterus within the broad ligament |
Parametrium |
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Connective tissue lateral to the cervix |
Paracervical tissues |
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Connective tissue lateral to the vagina |
Paracolpium |
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Space between the symphysis pubis and urinary bladder |
Retropubic space of Retzius |
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Space between the uterus and rectum |
Recto-uterine pouch of Douglas |
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Four arteries entering the true pelvis |
Median sacral artery Internal iliac artery Superior rectal artery Ovarian artery |
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Four bones of the bony pelvis |
2 appendicular hip bones Sacrum Coccyx |
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Three parts of the appendicular hip bone |
Ilium Ischium Pubis |
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Line that divides the true and false pelvis, also known as the pelvic brim |
Linea terminalis or innominate line |
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Five borders of the linea terminalis |
Pectineal line Arcuate line Pubic crest Sacral ala Sacral promontory |
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Blood volume during pregnancy |
40 to 45% above the nonpregnant by 32 to 34 weeks age of gestation |
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Abnormal level of hemoglobin at first trimester |
<10 g/dL |
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Abnormal level of hemoglobin at second trimester |
<10.5 g/dL |
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Abnormal level of hemoglobin at third trimester |
<11 g/dL |
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Average hemoglobin at term |
12.5 g/dL |
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Four presumptive symptoms of pregnancy |
Morning sickness Fatigue Frequency in urination Quickening |
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Age of gestation when morning sickness happens |
6 to 18 weeks age of gestation |
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Age of gestation when quickening can be felt by the mother |
16 to 20 weeks age of gestation |
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Physiologic basis of morning sickness |
Effects of human chorionic gonadotropin |
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Peak of human chorionic gonadotropin production |
8 to 10 weeks age of gestation |
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Plateau of human chorionic gonadotropin production |
16 weeks age of gestation |
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Six presumptive signs of pregnancy |
Cessation of menses Beading cervical mucus Chadwick's sign Changes in breast Skin changes Increased temperature |
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Physiologic basis of beading of cervical mucus |
Increased progesterone level |
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Physiologic basis of ferning of cervical mucus |
Increased estrogen level |
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Implication of ferning of cervical mucus during pregnancy |
Amniotic fluid leakage |
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Age of gestation when beading of cervical mucus is observed |
6 weeks age of gestation |
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Age of gestation when Chadwick's sign is observed |
6 weeks age of gestation |
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Vaginal mucosa becomes dark-bluish red and appears congested |
Chadwick's sign |
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Physiologic basis of skin changes in pregnancy |
Effects of melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
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Four skin changes in pregnancy |
Chloasma or melasma Linea nigra Striae gravidarum Spider telangiectasia |
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Mask of pregnancy |
Chloasma or melasma |
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Darkening of linea alba |
Linea nigra |
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Physiologic basis of striae gravidarum |
Collagen breakdown |
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Physiologic basis of spider telangiectasia |
Increased estrogen level |
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Age of gestation when increased temperature is observed |
6 weeks age of gestation |
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Physiologic basis of increased temperature in pregnancy |
Increased progesterone level |
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Seven probable evidences of pregnancy |
Enlargement of abdomen Hegar's sign Goodell's sign Braxton-Hicks contractions Physical outlining of fetus Ballottement Detection of beta-HCG |
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Age of gestation when abdomen starts to enlarge |
6 weeks age of gestation |
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Age of gestation when uterine fundus is palpable on bimanual examination |
12 weeks age of gestation |
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Age of gestation when Hegar's sign is observed |
6 to 8 weeks age of gestation |
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Softening of the uterine isthmus |
Hegar's sign |
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Age of gestation when Goodell's sign is observed |
4 weeks age of gestation |
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Softening of the cervix |
Goodell's sign |
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Age of gestation when Braxton-Hicks contractions can be felt by the mother |
28 weeks age of gestation |
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Painless, perceptible, irregular uterine contractions |
Braxton-Hicks contractions |
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Trimester when ballotement is evident |
Second trimester |
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Period when beta-HCG can be detected |
6 days after fertilization 8 to 9 days post-implantation |
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Level of beta-HCG which results to positive pregnancy test |
12.5 milli IU/mL |
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Four rare causes of positive pregnancy test without pregnancy |
Exogenous HCG injection Renal failure with impaired HCG clearance Physiologic pituitary HCG HCG-producing tumors |
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Three positive signs of pregnancy |
Fetal heart tone Perception of fetal movement by examiner Sonographic recognition |
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Normal fetal heart rate |
120 to 160 bpm |
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Age of gestation when fetal heart tone is heard through ausculatation |
16 weeks age of gestation |
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Age of gestation when fetal heart tone is heard through Doppler ultrasound |
10 weeks age of gestation |
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Age of gestation when fetal heart tone is heard through transvaginal ultrasound |
5 weeks age of gestation |
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Age of gestation when 75g OGTT is done |
24 to 28 weeks age of gestation |
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Physiologic basis of doing 75g OGTT in pregnancy |
Effects of human placental lactogen |
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Grown hormone-like hormone that causes insulin resistance, lipolysis and increased fatty acids |
Human placental lactogen |
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