Nutr Ch 15

Front 1

Trace Minerals:
1) How many essential trace minerals are there?
2) need in?
3) over deficiency is?
4) Interactions between?
5) soil determines?
6) animals sources are?

Back 1

1) 9
2) small amounts
3) rare
4) minerals
5) amount
6) better absorbed

Front 2

Iron Absorbtion-Heme Iron:
1) What products?
2) Better or worse absorbed than non-heme?

Back 2

1) animal
2) better

Front 3

Iron Absorbtion-Nonheme Iron:
1) What products?
2) Absorbtion enhanced by what three things?
3) Absorbtion hindered by what four things?
4) Sources? (4)

Back 3

1) Plant
2) Vit C, Stomach acidity, and MPF (meat protein factor)
3) Phytic acid, oxalic acid, high fiber, and high calcium
4) Enriched grains, fortified cereals, beans, and iron skillets

Front 4

Iron:
1) Adult Women RDA?
2) Adult Men RDA?
3) Daily Value?
4) North American intake?

Back 4

1) 18mg
2) 8mg
3) 18mg
4) 12-17mg/day

Front 5

Functions of Iron:
1) What are the functions? (5)
2) 2 functions of hemoglobin?
3) myoglobin in what?

Back 5

1) hemoglobin, myoglobin, iron cotaining enzymes, enzyme cofactor, and immune function
2) a. transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
b. high turnover, high demand for iron
3) muscles

Front 6

Absorption of Iron in the GI:
1) Ferritin in the intestinal cells can be what?
2) Transferrin in the what?
3) Iron is sloughed off within what?
4) Absorption depeneds on what?

Back 6

1) stored or go into the bloodstream
2) bloodstream
3) 2-5 days from intestinal cells, allows control of iron absorption
4) storage and immediate body needs

Front 7

Iron Deficiency-Anemia:
1) Most common what?
2) Lack of what?
3) Impairs what?
4) Who is at risk?
5) Symptoms?

Back 7

1) tracemineral deficiency world wide
2) heme and hemoglobin syntheses
3) oxygen transport in blood
4) infant, toddler, chronic blood loss, vegan and women of child bearing age
5) plaeness, brittle nails, fatigue, difficult breathing, poor growth, delays cognitive development

Front 8

Toxicity of Iron:
1) Called What
2) Recessive what?
3) Over what?
4) Iron deposits in what?
5) Symptoms?
6) May go what?
7) Problamatic with what if people have hemochromatosis?

Back 8

1)Hemochromatosis (1/200) usually men
2) genetic disease, small precentage of US
3) absorbtion of iron
4) organs (leads to damage and diabetes)
5) fatigue, headache, loss of hair, enlarged live-do not take supplement unless serum levels tested
6) undeteced untill 50-60 of age when organ fails
7) problem with fod fortification

Front 9

Zinc:
1) Food Sources?
2) Absorption similar to?
3) Mucosal blocks work?
4) Can override what?
5) Excess excreted in what?

Back 9

1) animal products, shellfish, legumes, nuts and wholegrains
2) Similar to iron protein bind and regulates the release of zinc at the intestinal cell
3) against over absorption
4) high consumption
5) feces

Front 10

Zinc:
1) Adult women RDA?
2) Adult men RDA?
3) Daily Value?
4) Average US intake is what?

Back 10

1) 8
2) 11
3) 15
4) adequate

Front 11

Zinc:
1) Functions?
2) Deficiency?

Back 11

1) a. cofactor to many enzymes
b. synthesis of DNA/RNA
c. protein and alcohol metabolism
d. wound healing, immune function, growth
e. development of sexual organs and bones
2) a. poor growth
b. inadequate sexual development
c. reduced sense of smell and taste
d. impared immune function

Front 12

Copper:
1) Food Sources?
2) Average US intake is?
3) Absorbed in?
4) Transported in what?
5) High zinc intake can what?

Back 12

1) organ meats, seafood, legumes, whole grains
2) slightly below RDA
3) small intestines
4) blood streams, very little stored
5) interfere with copper absorption

Front 13

Copper:
1) Adult women RDA?
2) Adult men RDA?
3) Daily Value?

Back 13

1) 900 ug
2) 900 ug
3) 2mg

Front 14

Copper:
1) Functions?
2) Defiency?
3) Toxicity?

Back 14

1) a. part of enzymes, etc
b. formation of neurotransmitters (norepinephrine)
c. maintenance of connective tissue
d. immune function
2) usually consequence of hifh zinc supplements
3) Wilsons disease accumulates copper in the liver, brain, kidneys, and cornea leading to prmature death if left undeteced

Front 15

Iodine:
1) Common form?
2) Sources?
3) Average intake?
4) Function?

Back 15

1) iodized salt (1/2 tsp. meets RDA)
2) saltwater fish, seafood, diary products-plant sources dependent on soil
3) exceeds RDA
4) synthesis of thyroid hormones

Front 16

Iodine:
1) Adult women RDA
2) Adult men RDA
3) Daily Valye

Back 16

1) 150 ug
2) 150 ug
3) 150 ug

Front 17

Deficiecy of Iodine:
1) Goiter?
2) Harmful during?
3) Cretinism?
4) Table salts developed?

Back 17

1) thyroid gland enlarged
2) pregnancy
3) brain and growth development
4) developd to treat public health issues

Front 18

Selenium:
1) Food Sources?
2) Average intake?
3) Functions?
4) Deficiency?

Back 18

1) Fish, meat, eggs, mik/wholegrain, seeds, and needs
2) exceeds RDA
3) a. co-factor for several antioxidants
b. protects the heart and other cells from oxidative damage
c. Works together with Vitamin E
4) Kashan Disease-cardiac function impaied

Front 19

Selenium:
1) Adult Women RDA?
2) Adult men RDA?
3) Daily Value?

Back 19

1) 55ug
2) 55ug
3) 70 ug

Front 20

Chromium:
1) Widely what?
2) AI?
3) Average intake meets the?
4) Functions?

Back 20

1) Distributed
2) 25-35 ug
3) AI
4) a. not fully known
b. associated with maintain normal blood glucose levels
c. supplements in type 2 diabetes patients has not shown to be effective

Front 21

Flouride:
1) Food Sources?
2) Found in what product?
3) Functions?
4) Defieciency?

Back 21

1) Flouridated water, tea, seafood, seaweed
2) tooth paste
3) a. prevent cavities
b. inhibits bacterial growth
4) increase incidence of dental caries

Front 22

Toxicity of Flouride:
1) What is fluorosia?
2) 2 facts on fluorosia?
3) limit what?

Back 22

1) mottling of the teeth in children
2) a. not a health risk
b. discoloration
3) pea size for children, do not use adult toothpste with children unable to spit.